In 1977, Joseph Chaikin, a central figure in American avant-garde theatre, directed a new translation of The Dybbuk by Mira Rafalowicz, a dramaturg, yiddishist and longtime collaborator of Chaikin's at The Public Theatre.

An Open Theatre exercise by Jean-Claude van Itallie, " Interview ," became part of the play America Hurrah, and Chaikin directed the " Interview " section when the play opened at the Pocket Theatre in 1966.

Following Chaikin's stroke, several writers, including Jean-Claude van Itallie, Susan Yankowitz, and Sam Shepard, wrote plays specifically for Chaikin to perform and direct, most notably The War in Heaven which was directed by Steven Kent.

Upon returning to the United States, Lee acted on Broadway, off-Broadway, in regional theaters and as a member of the Open Theatre, directed by Joseph Chaikin, from 1967 to 1973.

Chaikin performed the piece in San Diego, Atlanta, and Parma, Italy, Samuel Beckett's last poem, What Is the Word ?, was written for and dedicated to Chaikin.

Chaikin had a close working relationship with Sam Shepard and together they wrote the plays Tongues and Savage / Love, both of which premiered at San Francisco's Magic Theatre.

Despite this barrier to communication, Chaikin continued to act, direct and to create plays in collaboration with other actors, writers, and groups including Mira Rafalowicz, Traveling Jewish Theatre, Michael Posnick and John Belluso, whose disability-themed plays were produced at the Mark Taper Forum, Trinity Rep, Pacific Repertory Theatre, Keen Company and the New York Shakespeare Festival.

Chaikin received six Obie Awards, including one for Lifetime Achievement, and two Guggenheim Fellowships.

In 1969 Open Theatre performed Endgame by Samuel Beckett, with Chaikin playing the role of Hamm and Peter Maloney as Clov, at the Cite Universitaire, Paris, and in 1970 at the Grasslands Penitentiary, a fulfillment of Chaikin's desire to experiment with audiences who would be fundamentally and culturally different from cosmopolitan audiences.

In A Man on the Moon, published in 1994, Andrew Chaikin mentions that at the time of Apollo 8's lunar-orbit mission in December 1968, similar conspiracy ideas were already in circulation.

Chaikin was a lifelong teacher of acting and directing, and lived most of his adult life in New York's West Village, at Westbeth Artists Community.

For the next five years Woodruff was virtually the sole director of Shepard's work, staging the American premiere of Curse of the Starving Class at the New York Shakespeare Festival in 1978, the world premieres of Buried Child ( 1978 ) and True West ( 1980 ) at the Magic Theatre in San Francisco and then in New York, and the touring productions of Tongues and Savage / Love, which Shepard co-authored with the performer Joseph Chaikin.

The Living Theatre was also heavily influenced by him, as was much English-language experimental theatre and performance art ; Karen Finley, Spalding Gray, Liz LeCompte, Richard Foreman, Charles Marowitz, Sam Shepard, Joseph Chaikin, and more all named Artaud as one of their influences.

It has greatly influenced other American experimental theatre companies, notably The Open Theater ( founded by former Living Theatre member Joseph Chaikin ) and Bread and Puppet Theater.

It was founded in New York City by a group of former students of acting teacher Nola Chilton, and joined shortly thereafter by director Joseph Chaikin, formerly of The Living Theatre, and Peter Feldman.

Chaikin closed the Open Theatre in 1973 because he said it was in danger of becoming an institution.

His first work after closing the Open Theatre was in collaboration with the playwright Robert Montgomery: ELECTRA, a three-character version of the Electra myth with Michele Collison ( from Peter Brooks ' company ) in the title role, Paul Zimet as Orestes, and Shami Chaikin, Joe's sister, as Clytemnestra.

In 1977, Chaikin formed an experimental workshop company called The Winter Project, whose members included Ronnie Gilbert, Corey Fischer, Robbie McCauley, Mark Samuels, Robert Montgomery, Christopher McCann and Will Patton, as well as core members of the previous Open Theatre, among others.

* Joseph Chaikin, Founder of the Open Theater, theater director, actor, author.

Open Theater allowed Chaikin and his colleagues the space experiment with unconventional and organic drama techniques.

When asked in a 1999 interview why he was compelled to start Open Theater, Chaikin responded, " I ’ m not crazy about naturalism on stage.

* P. M. Chaikin and T. C. Lubensky ( 2000 ).

Space journalist Andrew Chaikin claims that, following the death of Gus Grissom, Borman became astronaut chief Deke Slayton's choice to command the first Moon landing attempt.

In its early incarnation, Jane's Addiction went through three guitarists and featured Matt Chaikin, formerly of Kommunity FK, on drums.

After Chaikin failed to show up for several rehearsals, Farrell began seeking a new drummer.

* Chaikin, Andrew.

Chaikin went on to have a celebrated career as a theatre director until his death in 2003.

Joseph Chaikin ( September 16, 1935 – June 22, 2003 ) was an American theatre director, playwright, and pedagogue.

The youngest of five children, Chaikin was born to a poor Jewish family living in the Borough Park residential area of Brooklyn.

Chaikin briefly attended Drake University in Iowa, and then returned to New York to begin a career in theater, studying with various acting coaches, while struggling to survive working a variety of jobs.

Throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, Kurosawa directed approximately a film a year, including a number of highly regarded films such as Ikiru ( 1952 ), Seven Samurai ( 1954 ) and Yojimbo ( 1961 ).

These are posteriorly directed and vary in number ( usually one to three ).

He directed a number of episodes of Hercules and Xena, including the Hercules series finale.

The term is derived from the purely classical picture of ( a large number of ) point-like projectiles directed to an area that includes a solid target.

Under pressure from his producers, Fellini finally settled on 8½, a self-referential title referring principally ( but not exclusively ) to the number of films he had directed up to that time.

" Not Counting You " reached number 2, and then " The Dance " put him at number-one again ; this song's theme of people dying while doing something they believe in resonated strongly and, together with a popular music video, directed by John Lloyd Miller, gave Brooks his first push towards a broader audience.

As facilitator and overseer of the concentration camps, Himmler directed the killing of some six million Jews, between 200, 000 and 500, 000 Romani people, and other victims ; the total number of civilians killed by the regime is estimated at eleven to fourteen million people.

In the 1960s and 1970s, Giger directed a number of films, including Swiss Made ( 1968 ), Tagtraum ( 1973 ), Giger's Necronomicon ( 1975 ) and Giger's Alien ( 1979 ).

Any decision involves a choice selected from a number of alternatives, directed toward an organizational goal or subgoal.

The Naval and Army Air Services also directed a number of strategic raids against Britain, leading the way in bombing techniques and also forcing the British to bolster their anti-aircraft defences.

The biotechnological method of directed evolution has been applied to produce by mutation a large number of Penicillium strains.

A number of episodes of Enterprise were directed by Star Trek alumni:

The book has been adapted for film and television a number of times, including a 1981 serial for TV directed by Rodney Bennett ; a 1995 movie adapted by Emma Thompson and directed by Ang Lee ; a version in Tamil called Kandukondain Kandukondain, released in 2000 ; and a 2008 TV series on BBC adapted by Andrew Davies and directed by John Alexander.

The problem of counting the number of perfect matchings ( or in directed graphs: the number of vertex cycle covers ) is known to be equivalent to the problem of the computation of the permanent of a matrix.

A directed trust is a trust in which the trustee is directed by a number of other trust participants in implementing the trust's execution.

The World War II era also brought on rising production costs that resulted in a reduced number of elaborate gags and outdoor sequences, Del Lord's stock and trade ; as such, the quality of the teams ' films ( particularly those directed by Lord ) began to slip after 1942.

About the same time he published Passavantius,, a satire directed against Pierre Lizet, the former president of the Parliament of Paris, and principal originator of the " fiery chamber " ( chambre ardente ), who, at the time ( 1551 ) was abbot of St. Victor near Paris and publishing a number of polemical writings.

The number of civil servants was limited: the king directed his kingdom mostly in an indirect way, supporting himself principally through the local magistrates, the epistates, with whom he constantly kept in touch.

Kazan adds that De Niro " is one of a select number of actors I've directed who work hard at their trade, and the only one who asked to rehearse on Sundays.

The Brain Eaters, a 1958 film directed by Bruno VeSota, bore a number of similarities to Heinlein's novel.

It was produced and directed by David Winters, who co-owned a number of racing cars with Newman.