It may also be based on Alfred's later having accompanied his father on a pilgrimage to Rome where he spent some time at the court of Charles the Bald, King of the Franks, around 854 – 855.

Charles Martel () ( 23 August 686 – 22 October 741 ), also known as Charles the Hammer, was a Frankish military and political leader, who served as Mayor of the Palace under the Merovingian kings and ruled de facto during an interregnum ( 737 – 43 ) at the end of his life, using the title Duke and Prince of the Franks.

Soon Clotaire IV died and Odo gave up on Chilperic and, in exchange for recognising his dukedom, surrendered the king to Charles, who recognised his kingship over all the Franks in return for legitimate royal affirmation of his mayoralty, likewise over all the kingdoms ( 718 ).

Having unified the Franks under his banner, Charles was determined to punish the Saxons who had invaded Austrasia.

In 719, Charles seized West Frisia without any great resistance on the part of the Frisians, who had been subjects of the Franks but had seized control upon the death of Pippin.

The Holy Roman Empire looked to Charlemagne, Charles the Great, King of the Franks, as its founder, who had been crowned Emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day in 800 by Pope Leo III.

The advance into Western Europe was only stopped in what is now north-central France by the West Germanic Franks under Charles Martel at the Battle of Tours in 732.

The assumption of the crown in 751 by Pepin the Short ( son of Charles Martel ) established the Carolingian dynasty as the Kings of the Franks.

Under Charles Martel's leadership, the Franks defeated the Moors at the Battle of Tours in 732, limiting the expansion of Islam onto the European continent.

Rollo had besieged Paris but in 911 entered vassalage to the king of the West Franks, Charles the Simple, through the Treaty of Saint Clair-sur-Epte.

* 732 – Battle of Tours: Near Poitiers, France, the leader of the Franks, Charles Martel and his men, defeat a large army of Moors, stopping the Muslims from spreading into Western Europe.

He celebrated the occasion by striking the earliest papal coin, and in a mark of the direction the mediaeval papacy was to take, no longer dated his documents by the Emperor in the east, but by the reign of Charles, king of the Franks.

Perceiving that the Lombard threat would continue to fester and they would take imperial territory in Italy a piece at a time, in around 721 Gregory appealed to the Franks, asking Charles Martel to intervene and drive out the Lombards.

Although Gregory stated that he was willing to give up his allegiance to the Eastern Empire and place himself under the protection of the Franks, Charles made no promise to assist.

Even worse news was to follow ; learning that Charles Martel was sick, Liutprand once again returned to attacking the Exarchate in 740, forcing Gregory yet again to appeal to the Franks, who again refused to become involved.

Charles the Bald tried to prohibit the export of these swords, as they were used by Vikings in raids against the Franks.

Near Poitiers, France, leader of the Franks Charles Martel and his men defeat a large army of Moors under the governor of Cordoba, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, who is killed during the battle.

* Pepin the Short ( 714 – 768 ), king of the Franks since 751, dies ; he is succeeded by his sons Carloman ( eastern Franks ) and Charles, aka Charlemagne ( western Franks ).

* October 22 – Charles Martel ( b. 688 ), major domus ( i. e., Mayor of the Palace ) of the Franks ; succeeded by his son Pepin the Short ( 714 – 768 )

* October 10 – Battle of Tours: Near Poitiers, France, leader of the Franks Charles Martel and his men, defeat a large army of Moors under the governor of Cordoba, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, who is killed during the battle.

* Charles the Fat, King of the East Franks, France and Holy Roman Emperor ( approximate date )

Charles, also fifteen, was tall and skinny, scraggly, with straight black hair like an Indian's and sharp brown eyes.

`` O.K. '' Charles rose also, and the two of them moved over to join the girls.

Seward's initial reaction to the Trent affair, however, was too bellicose, so Lincoln also turned to Senator Charles Sumner, the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and an expert in British diplomacy.

In the 1930s, Carrel and Charles Lindbergh became close friends not only because of the years they worked together but also because they shared personal, political, and social views.

Cuarón's next feature was also a literary adaptation, a modernized version of Charles Dickens's Great Expectations starring Ethan Hawke, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Robert De Niro.

Ampère also applied this same principle to magnetism, showing the harmony between his law and French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb ’ s law of magnetic action.

In some sense also " Ambrosians " are the members of a diocesan religious society founded by St Charles Borromeo, Archbishop of Milan.

There are also two religious university campuses in Canberra: Signadou is a campus of the Australian Catholic University and St Mark's Theological College is a campus of Charles Sturt University.

In addition to James II himself ( who died a few months after the act received the royal assent ) and his Catholic children Prince James and Princess Louisa, the act also excluded the descendents of James ' sister Henrietta, the youngest daughter of Charles I. Henrietta's daughter Anne was then the Queen of Sardinia and a Catholic ; the Jacobite heirs of today are descended from her line.

It became the expectation — rather than the exception — that those in the public eye should write about themselves — not only writers such as Charles Dickens ( who also incorporated autobiographical elements in his novels ) and Anthony Trollope, but also politicians ( e. g. Henry Brooks Adams ), philosophers ( e. g. John Stuart Mill ), churchmen such as Cardinal Newman, and entertainers such as P. T. Barnum.

Archduke Charles of Austria, Duke of Teschen (, also known as Karl von Österreich-Teschen ) ( Full name: Karl Ludwig Johann Josef Lorenz of Austria ) ( 5 September 1771 – 30 April 1847 ) was an Austrian field-marshal, the third son of emperor Leopold II and his wife Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain.

Wellington is better-known to posterity, because he led one of the two Allied armies at the final decisive victory of the Napoleonic Wars ( the battle of Waterloo in 1815 ), although Wellington's superior reputation is perhaps also because he only once faced Napoleon, whereas Charles was confronted by Napoleon in battle more times than any other commander.

While the town's name is generally seen as a diminutive form of Barcelona in Spain, Albert Dauzat and Charles Rostaing point out an earlier attestation of the name Barcilona in Barcelonnette in around 1200, and suggest that it is derived instead from two earlier stems signifying a mountain, * bar and * cin ( the latter of which is also seen in the name of Mont Cenis ).

The project also included the construction of the Ted Williams Tunnel ( extending Interstate 90 to Logan International Airport ), the Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge over the Charles River, and the Rose Kennedy Greenway in the space vacated by the previous I-93 elevated roadway.

There is also a collection of her fungi paintings at the Perth Museum and Art Gallery in Perth, Scotland donated by Charles McIntosh.

Charles Pace and his family also lived on the property and held worship services.

Basic English, also known as Simple English, is an English-based controlled language created ( in essence as a simplified subset of English ) by linguist and philosopher Charles Kay Ogden as an international auxiliary language, and as an aid for teaching English as a Second Language.

However, he also often relied on help from his closest collaborators, such as his long-time cinematographer Roland Totheroh, brother Sydney Chaplin and various assistant directors, such as Harry Crocker and Charles Reisner.

Charles Sanders Peirce, who had read Kant closely and who also had some knowledge of Aristotle, proposed a system of merely three phenomenological categories: Firstness, Secondness, and Thirdness, which he repeatedly invoked in his subsequent writings.

Charles ' wife Georgiana died in Worcester on 1 September 1827, the same year as his father, their second son ( also named Charles ) and their newborn son Alexander.

Charles also hosted the Robot Wars Live UK tour, in 2001, and shows performed at the Wembley Arena.

Charles adds a comedy element to the role, but also has traumatic and emotional scenes with complicated storylines.