" Charles Morris adds that semantics deals with the relation of signs to their designata and the objects which they may or do denote ; and, pragmatics deals with the biotic aspects of semiosis, that is, with all the psychological, biological, and sociological phenomena which occur in the functioning of signs.

" Erskine adds sons-in-law Nelson J Riley, Charles A Carlisle, H D Johnson, and William R Innis.

It adds Mario's trademark voice acting as contributed by Charles Martinet, and features the Mario Bros. mini-game contained in other Super Mario Advance remake series.

A condition of the separation was that the Elder could recover from his son Adriaen ‘ two royal gifts ’, presumably gifts from Charles II for work done in England .” Cordingly ’ s account further relates that the dispute was still continuing after another ten years, since “ in the autumn of 1672 Judith complained to the woman ’ s husband .” Robinson adds that by 1674 the couple “ must have been reconciled ”, for at a chance meeting with Pieter Blaeu in Amsterdam in July the Elder explained that he was only visiting for a few days “ in order to fetch his wife ”.

The arguments about O ' Flaherty's continued well into the 18th century, culminating in the 1775 The Ogygia Vindicated by the historian Charles O ' Conor, in which he adds explanatory footnotes to the original work.

Five years later, Alicia adds a final note that Caroline married a man named Higham, who was the one who pretended to marry Caroline and Charles.

Charles notably presented the gladiator-style game show Robot Wars and narrated the comedy endurance show Takeshi's Castle.

Charles realised he was using poetry as a vehicle for his sense of humour, and progressed into stand-up comedy.

Charles acquired cult status in 1988, in his television acting debut, as the Liverpudlian slob Dave Lister, in BBC2's new science fiction comedy series Red Dwarf.

Charles reads the audiobook editions of the Red Dwarf novel Last Human, and his book The Log: A Dwarfer's Guide to Everything, and he regularly attends sci-fi, comedy and memorabilia conventions in connection with the Red Dwarf franchise.

Charles has acted in episodes of popular dramas such as The Bill ( 1995 ), EastEnders ( 2002 ) and Holby City ( 2003 ) and in the comedy The 10 Percenters ( 1996 ).

Charles has appeared on celebrity editions of University Challenge ( 1998 ), Can't Cook, Won't Cook ( 1998 ) and The Weakest Link ( 2004 ), and comedy panel shows such as Have I Got News For You ( 1995 ), Just a Minute ( 1995 ) and They Think It's All Over ( 1996 ).

Charles returned to stand-up comedy between 1995 and 2001, regularly touring his one-man adult-rated shows nationally, and releasing the videos Craig Charles: Live on Earth!

Charles appeared in the John Godber comedy play Teechers, in which he swapped in and out of various roles, at the Arts Theatre, London, and at the Edinburgh Festival ( 1989 ), and he played Idle Jack in the pantomime Dick Whittington, at the Hull New Theatre ( 1997 ).

Sidney Drew was the leader in developing " polite comedy ", while slapstick was refined by Fatty Arbuckle and Charles Chaplin, who both started with Mack Sennet's Keystone company.

The film was based on a stage play by Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur, and along with Frank Capra's It Happened One Night ( released the same year ) is considered to be the defining film of the screwball comedy genre.

Silent slapstick comedy was also popular in early French films and included films by Max Linder and Charles Prince.

More favourable critics praised Benigni's artistic daring and skill to create a sensitive comedy involving the tragedy, a challenge that Charles Chaplin confessed he would not have done with The Great Dictator had he been aware of the horrors of the Holocaust.

Charles Taylor, writing for Salon, quipped " Chasing Amy isn't going to single-handedly save romantic comedy, but Smith ( Clerks ) has made the only romantic comedy in quite a while that acknowledges, even celebrates, the fact that love and sex are emotional anarchy.

The Front Page is a hit Broadway comedy about tabloid newspaper reporters on the police beat, written by former Chicago reporters Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur which was first produced in 1928.

The film is a musical comedy starring Maurice Chevalier, Jeanette MacDonald, Genevieve Tobin and Charles Ruggles, about a married couple who find themselves attracted to other people.

In the comedy Western film directed by Leo McCarey, Lord Burnstead ( Roland Young ) gambles away his eminently correct English butler, Marmaduke Ruggles ( Charles Laughton ).

When the film was first released, The New York Times film critic Frank S. Nugent praised the film, writing, " The comedy, through Mr. Douglas's debonair performance and those of Ina Claire as the duchess and Sig Rumann, Felix Bressart and Alexander Grannach as the unholy three emissaries ; through Mr. Lubitsch's facile direction ; and through the cleverly written script of Walter Reisch, Charles Brackett and Billy Wilder, has come off brilliantly.

Another film involving beatnik culture is Roger Corman's 1959 black comedy " A Bucket of Blood ," written by Charles B. Griffith.

* Charles Prentiss and Martin McCabe in the BBC comedy Absolute Power.

Annie Hall is a 1977 American romantic comedy directed by Woody Allen from his screenplay co-written with Marshall Brickman and produced by Charles H. Joffe.

Bud Abbott and Lou Costello Meet Frankenstein-the film's poster title-or Bud Abbott Lou Costello Meet Frankenstein-the onscreen title-( although the film is often referred to as simply Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein ) is a 1948 American comedy horror film directed by Charles Barton and starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello.

Other names connected to the city include Max Born, physicist and Nobel laureate ; Charles Darwin, the biologist who discovered natural selection ; David Hume, a philosopher, economist and historian ; James Hutton, regarded as the " Father of Geology "; John Napier inventor of logarithms ; chemist and one of the founders of thermodynamics Joseph Black ; pioneering medical researchers Joseph Lister and James Young Simpson ; chemist and discoverer of the element nitrogen, Daniel Rutherford ; mathematician and developer of the Maclaurin series, Colin Maclaurin and Ian Wilmut, the geneticist involved in the cloning of Dolly the sheep just outside Edinburgh.

The English chemist Charles Hatchett reported a new element similar to tantalum in 1801 and named it columbium.

Sexual selection, a concept introduced by Charles Darwin in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species, is a significant element of his theory of natural selection.

One year earlier, Charles Hatchett had discovered the element columbium.

* A team at Oak Ridge National Laboratory led by Charles Coryell discovers chemical element 61, the only one still missing between 1 and 96 on the periodic table, which they will name promethium.

Charles also had the element of surprise-in addition to choosing the battlefield.

The Essex Rebellion of 1601 has a dramatic element as just before the uprising, supporters of the Earl of Essex, among them Charles and Joscelyn Percy ( younger brothers of the Earl of Northumberland ), paid for a performance of Richard II at the Globe Theatre, apparently with the goal of stirring public ill will towards the monarchy.

Charles led various expeditions against the invaders and, by the Edict of Pistres of 864, made the army more mobile by providing for a cavalry element, the predecessor of the French chivalry so famous during the next 600 years.

* 1906 Charles Barkla discovers that each element has a characteristic X-ray and that the degree of penetration of these X-rays is related to the atomic weight of the element

* List of Washington University faculty and staff: economist and Nobel Memorial Prize winner Douglass North ; husband and wife biochemists and co-Nobel Prize winners Carl and Gerty Cori ; physicist and Nobel Prize winner Arthur Holly Compton ; novelists Stanley Elkin and William Gass ; poets Carl Phillips and Mary Jo Bang ; architect Fumihiko Maki ; neurologist and Nobel Prize winner Rita Levi-Montalcini ; sex researchers William Masters and Virginia Johnson ; Poets Laureate Howard Nemerov and Mona Van Duyn ; sociologist and " outlaw Marxist " Alvin Ward Gouldner ; attorney, former Counsel to Vice-President Al Gore and former Tennessee Attorney General Charles Burson ; writer and culture critic Gerald Early ; Economist, and former Chair of President Ronald Reagan's Council of Economic Advisors, Murray Weidenbaum ; chemist Joseph W. Kennedy, co-discoverer of the element plutonium ; computer scientist Jonathan S. Turner, internationally renowned expert in computer networking ; computer scientist Raj Jain, pioneer in the field of network congestion ; and Law Professor Troy A. Paredes, currently on leave as a commissioner of the SEC.

The fact that so-called monothematic expositions usually have additional themes is used by Charles Rosen to illustrate his theory that the Classical sonata form's crucial element is some sort of dramatization of the arrival of the dominant.

King Charles and his ministers wished to strengthen the conservative element in the chambers, but the laws of 1874, 1876 and 1879 only effected slight reforms pending a more thorough settlement.

The idea of a petition of right was an established element of Parliamentary procedure, and in addition, had not been expressly prohibited by Charles, allowing the Commons to evade the restrictions placed upon them while still acting legitimately.

* Charles Barkla discovers that each element has a characteristic X-ray and that the degree of penetration of these X-rays is related to the atomic weight of the element.

Charles Dexter Ward contains the first mention of the Cthulhu Mythos entity Yog-Sothoth, who appears repeatedly as an element in an incantation.

* A team at Oak Ridge National Laboratory led by Charles Coryell discovers chemical element 61, the only one still missing between 1 and 96 on the periodic table, which they will name promethium.

Illegitimacy has for centuries provided a motif and plot element to works of fiction by prominent authors, including William Shakespeare, Benjamin Franklin, Henry Fielding, Voltaire, Jane Austen, Alexandre Dumas, père, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Charles Dickens, Wilkie Collins, Anthony Trollope, Alexandre Dumas, fils, George Eliot, Leo Tolstoy, Ivan Turgenev, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Thomas Hardy, C. S.

In 1945, together with Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell, he isolated the previously undocumented rare earth element 61.

Later they would form the armoured element which flanked the British Expeditionary Army and forced their extraction from the European Continent in Dunkirk, while engaging the French 2nd Armoured Division led by General Charles de Gaulle who would carry on to lead the Free French forces.

This confirmed that Charles Hatchett had discovered niobium in 1801 in columbite ore. Hatchett had named the new element " columbium ", from the ore in which niobium and tantalium coexist.

It was established in 1777 by the orders of King Charles III in Almadén, Ciudad Real, where already some type of informal teaching existed, in order to make use of a very important element: the mercury mines.

The three crowns in existence of the Prince of Wales, the Heir Apparent to the British throne, all have one full arch, with a globe centred on the single arch rather than being the element to which each arch separately is joined, following an instruction laid down by King Charles II in 1677.