Chiang's father died when he was only eight years of age, and he wrote of his mother as the " embodiment of Confucian virtues ".

In 1950, Chiang's father appointed him director of the secret police, which he remained until 1965.

Chiang's father elevated him to high office when he was appointed as the ROC Defense Minister from 1965 until 1969.

Wang named himself President of the Executive Yuan and Chairman of the National Government ( not the same ' National Government ' as Chiang's ), and led a surprisingly large minority of anti-Chiang / anti-Communist Chinese against his old comrades.

Due to concerns about widespread and well-documented corruption in Chiang's government throughout his rule ( though not always with his knowledge ), the U. S. government limited aid to Chiang for much of the period of 1946 to 1948, in the midst of fighting against the People's Liberation Army led by Mao Zedong.

* Chongqing ( CPMR: Chungking ) was the provisional capital of the government of Chiang Kai-shek during World War II ( Second Chinese-Japanese War ), and was briefly the seat of Chiang's ROC government during the Chinese civil war with the Communist Party of China.

Yen Chia-kan (; Suzhou dialect: nyie cia / ka koe ), or Yen Chia-jin ( October 23, 1905 – December 24, 1993 ), better known as C. K. Yen, succeeded Chiang Kai-shek as President of the Republic of China upon Chiang's death on April 5, 1975.

Mo used his position to plant more than a dozen communist agents within Chiang's general headquarters, including Liu Yafo ( 劉亞佛 ), the communist who first introduced to the Communist Party of China, Xiang Yunian ( 項與年 ) his communist handler, whom he hired as his secretary, and Lu Zhiying ( 盧志英 ), the communist agent who was the acting head of the spy ring, which was directly under the command of Zhou Enlai.

Toward the end of the struggles against the communists, Du correctly guessed that Major General Guo Rugui ( 郭汝瑰 ), one of Chiang's most trusted staff officers, was a communist agent but the only evidence he came up with was that unlike most corrupted nationalist cadres and officers, the suspected communist spy was clean.

He joined the Nationalist Party ( KMT ), supported the Northern Expedition and became blood brothers with Chiang Kai-shek, but resisted Chiang's consolidation on power in the Central Plains War, and broke with Chiang again in resisting Japanese incursions in 1933.

Sometime earlier Chiang's son, Chiang Ching-kuo, had arrested and refused to release his cousin, Kong Lingkan ( 孔令侃 ), as part of a broader an effort to punish economic and financial criminals.

Yao yecheng ( 姚冶誠 ), Chiang's wife at the time, raised Wei-kuo as her own.

After escaping, he organized a soviet in rural Hunan ( and later Guizhou ), but was forced to abandon his bases when pressured by Chiang's Encirclement Campaigns.

Prior to the Red Army entering Sichuan Province, Chiang's army had followed the Red Army into the neighboring Guizhou province, ostensibly to help the local warlord, Wang Jialie ( 王家烈 ), fight them.

Although Wang succeeded Sun as Chairman of the National Government, Chiang's relatively low position in the party's internal hierarchy was bolstered by his military backing and adept political maneuvering following the Zhongshan Warship Incident.

After being attacked by a warlord friendly to Chiang, Wang's leftist government disintegrated later in May 1927, and Chiang's troops began an organized purge of Communists in territories formerly controlled by Wang.

After Chiang defeated this regime, Wang reconciled with Chiang's Nanjing government and held prominent posts for most of the decade.

Soong, feared that such an action would lead to Chiang's death and his replacement by Wang, so they successfully opposed this action.

Wang continued to orchestrate politics within his regime in concert with Chiang's international relationship with foreign powers, seizing the French Concession and the International Settlement of Shanghai in 1943, after Western nations agreed by consensus to abolish extraterritoriality.

The leftists, led by Wang Jingwei in the KMT capital at Wuhan, condemned Chiang's purge.

During a prolonged skirmish between the troops of these opposing forces, Sun and his wife Soong Ching-ling narrowly evaded heavy machine gun fire and were rescued by gunboats under Chiang's direction.

At Moscow, Sun Yat-sen University Portraits of Chiang were hung on the walls ; and, in the Soviet May Day Parades that year, Chiang's portrait was to be carried along with the portraits of Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, and other socialist leaders.

However, Chiang's allied commander Zhang Xueliang, whose forces were used in his attack and whose homeland of Manchuria had been recently invaded by the Japanese, did not support the attack on the Communists.

Li's attempts to carry out his policies faced varying degrees of opposition from Chiang's supporters, and were generally unsuccessful.

Some opponents charge that Chiang's efforts in developing Taiwan were mostly to make the island a strong base from which to one day return to mainland China, and that Chiang had little regard for the long-term prosperity and well-being of the Taiwanese people.

ROC flags were saluted by Muslims in Ningxia during prayer along with exhortations to nationalism during Chiang's rule.

Movie theaters in the Soviet Union showed newsreels and clips of Chiang, at Moscow Sun Yat-sen University Portraits of Chiang were hung on the walls, and in the Soviet May Day Parades that year, Chiang's portrait was to be carried along with the portraits of Karl Marx, Lenin, Stalin, and other socialist leaders.

The reasons for Zhou's sudden release may have been that Zhou was then the most senior Communist in Shanghai, that Chiang's efforts to exterminate the Shanghai Communists were highly secretive at the time, and that his execution would have been noticed as a violation of the cooperation agreement between the CCP and the KMT ( which was technically still in effect ).

Agents planted within various KMT offices were later critical in the survival of the CCP, helping the Party escape Chiang's Encirclement Campaigns

The reforms were continued by Chiang's successor, Lee Teng-hui, which culminated in the first-ever direct presidential election in 1996.

However, large campaigns and full scale confrontations between the CPC and Chiang's own troops were temporarily avoided.

Zhou's intelligence agents were successful in identifying a large section of Chiang's blockhouse lines that were manned by troops under General Chen Jitang, a Guangdong warlord who Zhou identified as being likely to prefer preserving the strength of his troops over fighting.

As with the other generals who tried to resist the invasion, Zhang's forces lacking equipment and reinforcements due to Chiang's reluctance to fight the Japanese, were pushed back.

When one was captured by Chiang's forces, his arms were held by two Chiang soldiers while a third, with a sword, hacked off his head.

Stalin countered Trotskyist criticism by making a secret speech in which he said that Chiang's right wing Kuomintang were the only ones capable of defeating the imperialists, that Chiang Kai-shek had funding from the rich merchants, and that his forces were to be utilized until squeezed for all usefulness like a lemon before being discarded.

Peng was one of the most senior generals who defended the Jiangxi Soviet from Chiang's attempts to capture it, and his successes were rivaled only by Lin Biao.

General Liu Zhi's early military career was full of victories and successes, but he seemed to lose his combat skills after the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, many of his colleagues called him The Long-legged general or President Chiang's Lucky General, to poke fun of his uselessness on battlefield and shamelessness when many other talented officers were not promoted for heroic deeds and he was brazenly enough to accept such high positions.

In this decisive battle, more than 500, 000 KMT soldiers were annihilated ; among the POWs was General Du Yuming, Chiang's most distinguished protégé.

The circumstances for Chiang's sudden departure were not discovered until later.

Public opinion and patriotism were also strong factors in Chiang's decision to pursue a full-scale war with Japan.

Chiang's family were originally salt merchants in the township of Xikou ( 溪口 ; old pronunciation " Qikou "), a town in the west of Fenghua county.

Some warlords of the Beiyang Army were defeated by Chiang's forces, and the National Revolutionary Army gradually became dominant in China.