However, Chiang presided over purges, political authoritarianism, and graft during his tenure in mainland China, and ruled throughout a period of imposed martial law.

Yuan ruled as a dictator, remolding the constitution as he saw fit ; warlords withdrew from the Republic, ruling through military control ; and Chiang based his political power on military power.

During this time, Chiang ruled more as a dictator than as a leader of a one-party state.

The KMT ruled Taiwan ( along with Kinmen, Wuchiu and the Matsu Islands on the opposite side of the Taiwan Strait ) as a single-party state for forty years, until democratic reforms were promulgated by Chiang Ching-kuo in the 1980s.

# " Khun Saiphong " ruled Lanna, ( Chiang Mai, Thailand )

In the King's opinion, so long as Chiang Mai was ruled by the Burmese, the north of Siam would be constantly subjected to their incursions.

Chiang himself admitted the possibility of a link between the guns and his maid's death, which was later ruled a suicide by the police.

After retreating to Taiwan in late 1949 at the end of the Chinese Civil War, Chiang Kai-shek ruled that the Republic of China would keep paying homage to the Yellow Emperor on April 4, the National Tomb Sweeping Day, but neither he nor the three presidents that succeeded him ever paid homage in person.

During that period China was ruled by the most powerful Emperor Chiang Lung of the Manchu Dynasty.

Similarly, Emperor Chiang Lung ruled from 1736 to 1796.

Chiang Kai-shek and 600, 000 Nationalist troops and 2 million refugees, predominantly from the government and business community, fled from the mainland to the island of Taiwan.

Some opponents charge that Chiang's efforts in developing Taiwan were mostly to make the island a strong base from which to one day return to mainland China, and that Chiang had little regard for the long-term prosperity and well-being of the Taiwanese people.

During the Chinese Civil War, the nationalist government of Chiang Kai-shek withdrew from mainland China to the island of Taiwan in 1949, where the ROC currently exercises control.

It built its own airport on Koh Samui, which was opened in April 1989 and offers direct flights between the island and Chiang Mai, Hong Kong, Krabi, Pattaya, Phuket and Singapore.

The Chinese Civil War had receded in scale in 1949, with Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang ( KMT ) government and 1. 3 million supporters abandoning the Chinese mainland and relocating the national government to the island of Taiwan ( also known as Formosa ).

The Matsu and Kinmen island groups, situated in the Taiwan Strait between the main island of Taiwan and the Chinese mainland, were the Nationalists ' first line of defense against the Communist Party of China and were heavily fortified by Chiang.

After Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist Government moved to Taiwan, the island was renamed Kuang Hua (" Glorious China ") and in 1978 the local government built a pavilion where annual weddings took place.

Lanyu Township Mayor Chiang To-li " urged Taipower to remove nuclear waste from the island as soon as possible ".

Chiang Kai-shek grudgingly allowed the island to fall to the Communists so that the other offshore island groups, Kinmen and Matsu, could be successfully defended.

Both islands had been held by the Chinese Nationalists government of the Republic of China led by Chiang Kai-shek, which then also controlled the island of Taiwan.

In conferences with Nationalist China's dapper, diminutive Vice President Chen Cheng, Mr. Kennedy assured Chiang Kai-shek's emissary that the U.S. is as firmly opposed as ever to the admission of Red China to the United Nations.

On October 10, 1928, Chiang was named director of the State Council, the equivalent to President of the country, in addition to his other titles.

This was meant to fulfill President Roosevelt's promise to Chiang Kai-shek to begin bombing operations against Japan by November 1944.

May 20 Republican Year 37 / 1948, Chiang Kai-shek's inauguration speech as the first President of the Republic of China in the new constitution of 1948

A new Constitution was promulgated in 1947, and Chiang was formally elected by the National Assembly as the first term President of the Republic of China on May 20, 1948.

Chiang resigned as President on January 21, 1949, as KMT forces suffered bitter losses and defections to the Communists.

Li visited the President of the United States, Harry S. Truman, and denounced Chiang as a " dictator " and an " usurper.

Chiang moved the government to Taipei, Taiwan, where he formally resumed duties as President of the Republic of China on March 1, 1950.

Chiang was reelected by the National Assembly to be the President of the Republic of China ( ROC ) on May 20, 1954, and again in 1960, 1966, and 1972.

Chiang with U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in June 1960.

Chiang was succeeded as President by Vice President Yen Chia-kan and as Kuomintang party leader by his son Chiang Ching-kuo, who retired Chiang Kai-shek's title of Director-General and instead assumed the position of Chairman.

Yen's presidency was interim ; Chiang Ching-kuo, who was the Premier, became President after Yen's term ended three years later.

The entrance to Chiang's tombsite at Tzuhu ( Cihu ) uses the official posthumous rendering of Chiang Kai-shek ( Horizontal and vertical writing in East Asian scripts | from right to left ): The President ( space ) Lord Chiang Mausoleum.

His name is also written in Taiwan as " The Late President Lord Chiang " ( 先總統 蔣公 ), where the one-character-wide space known as nuo tai shows respect ; this practice has lost some popularity.

When Chiang became President of China after the Northern Expedition, he carved out Ningxia and Qinghai out of Gansu province, and appointed Muslim Generals as Military Governors of all three provinces: Ma Hongkui, Ma Hongbin, and Ma Qi.

*" The Memorial Song of Late President Chiang Kai-shek " ( Ministry of National Defence of ROC )

* 1949 – Chinese Civil War: The People's Liberation Army begins its siege of Chengdu, the last Kuomintang-held city in mainland China, forcing President of the Republic of China Chiang Kai-shek and his government to retreat to Taiwan.

Ma Bufang was fully supported by the Kuomintang President of China Chiang Kaishek, who ordered him to prepare his Muslim army to invade Tibet several times and threatened aerial bombardment on the Tibetans.

In December 1949, Chiang proclaimed Taipei the temporary capital of the Republic of China ( ROC ) and continued to assert his government as the sole legitimate authority in China.

Though the United States refused to aide Chiang Kai-shek in his hope to " recover the mainland ," it continued supporting the Republic of China with military supplies and expertise to prevent Taiwan from falling into PRC hands.

When Chiang was defeated by CPC forces in mainland China in 1949, he retreated to Taiwan with his government and his most disciplined troops, along with most of the KMT leadership and a large number of their supporters ; Chiang Kai-shek had taken effective control of Taiwan at the end of WWII as part of the overall Japanese surrender, when Japanese troops in Taiwan surrendered to Republic of China troops.

The practice of using the Confucian meritocracy to justify political actions continues in countries in the Sinosphere, including post-economic liberalization People's Republic of China, Chiang Kai-Shek's Republic of China, and modern Singapore.

After assembling his forces in Jiangxi, Chiang led his armies against the newly established Chinese Soviet Republic.

In December 1936, Chiang flew to Xi ' an to coordinate a major assault on the Red Army and the Communist Republic that had retreated into Yan ' an.

Chiang Kai-shek, father and son, sang the Republic of China National Anthem while leaving the Academy all the way to the airfield.

Chiang Ching-kuo, educated in the Soviet Union, initiated Soviet-style military organization in the Republic of China Military.

Chiang Kai-shek considered both the Han Chinese and all the minority peoples of China, the Five Races Under One Union, as descendants of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor and semi mythical founder of the Chinese nation, and belonging to the Chinese Nation Zhonghua Minzu and he introduced this into Kuomintang ideology, which was propagated into the educational system of the Republic of China.

Chiang Kai-shek's portrait adorns the Republic of China's NT $ 200 bill.

Chiang appointed a Muslim General, Bai Chongxi, as the Minister of National Defence of the Republic of China, which controlled the ROC military.

Chiang Ching-kuo, appointed as Kuomintang director of Secret Police in 1950, was educated in the Soviet Union, and initiated Soviet style military organization in the Republic of China Military, reorganizing and Sovietizing the political officer corps, surveillance, and Kuomintang party activities were propagated throughout the military.

Chiang considered all the minorities to belong to the Chinese Nation Zhonghua Minzu and he introduced this into Kuomintang ideology, which was propagated into the educational system of the Republic of China, and the Constitution of the ROC considered Chiang's ideology to be true.

* 1948 – The Republic of China implements " temporary provisions " granting President Chiang Kai-shek extended powers to deal with the Communist uprising ; they will remain in effect until 1991.

* 1948 – Chiang Kai-shek is elected as the first President of the Republic of China.

* 1928 – Chiang Kai-Shek becomes Chairman of the Republic of China.

* 1887 – Chiang Kai-shek, President of the Republic of China ( d. 1975 )