The image is the combination of the 2. 2-metre MPG / ESO telescope of the La Silla Observatory in Chile and a 0. 4-meter amateur telescope.

* 1557 – Mapuche leader Lautaro is killed by Spanish forces at the Battle of Mataquito in Chile.

Abalone is also farmed in Australia, Hawaii, Canada, Chile, France, Iceland, Ireland, Mexico, Namibia, New Zealand, South Africa, Thailand, and the United States.

The meat of this mollusk is considered a delicacy in certain parts of Latin America ( especially Chile ), France, New Zealand, Southeast Asia, and East Asia ( especially in China, Japan, and Korea ).

For example, the main crossover of the Andes between Argentina and Chile is still accomplished through the Paso Internacional Los Libertadores.

However, there is one railroad that connects Chile with Argentina via the Andes, and there are others that make the same connection via southern Bolivia.

There is a long history of mining in the Andes, from the Spanish silver mines in Potosí in the 16th century to the vast current porphyry copper deposits of Chuquicamata and Escondida in Chile and Toquepala in Peru.

In October 1704, after the ships had parted ways because of a dispute between Stradling and Dampier, the Cinque Ports was brought by Stradling to an island that is today known as Robinson Crusoe Island in the uninhabited archipelago of Juan Fernández off the coast of Chile for a mid-expedition restocking of supplies and fresh water.

Much like on the U. S., alcoholic beverages in Chile are not sold on Sunday mornings, while on election days their sale is prohibited by law during the entire day ( starting the Saturday before ).

Five kinds of Phaseolus beans were domesticated by pre-Columbian peoples: common beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) grown from Chile to the northern part of what is now the United States, and lima and sieva beans ( Phaseolus lunatus ), as well as the less widely distributed teparies ( Phaseolus acutifolius ), scarlet runner beans ( Phaseolus coccineus ) and polyanthus beans ( Phaseolus polyanthus ) One especially famous use of beans by pre-Columbian people as far north as the Atlantic seaboard is the " Three Sisters " method of companion plant cultivation:

Chile ( or ), officially the Republic of Chile (,, Mapudungun: Gulumapu ), is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

The relatively small central area dominates in terms of population and agricultural resources, and is the cultural and political center from which Chile expanded in the late 19th century when it incorporated its northern and southern regions.

Southern Chile is rich in forests and grazing lands, and features a string of volcanoes and lakes.

Today, Chile is one of South America's most stable and prosperous nations, a recognized middle power and an emerging economy.

Chile is a founding member of the United Nations, the Union of South American Nations and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States.

About 4, 000 years ago, migrating Native Americans settled in the fertile valleys and coastal areas of what is present day Chile.

The Inca Empire briefly extended their empire into what is now northern Chile, where they collected tribute from small groups of fishermen and oasis farmers but were not able to establish a strong cultural presence in the area.

However, the title of discoverer of Chile is usually assigned to Diego de Almagro.

The beginning of the Independence movement is traditionally dated as September 18, 1810 when a national junta was established to govern Chile in the name of the deposed king Ferdinand VII.

After 20 years, Chile is now heading in a new direction.

The politics of Chile takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Chile is both head of state and head of government, and of a formal multi-party system that in practice behaves like a two-party one, due to binomialism.

The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature of Chile.

An unruly youth, Selkirk joined several buccaneering expeditions to the South Seas, including one commanded by William Dampier, which called in for provisions at the Juan Fernández Islands off Chile.

The grouping was originally Argentina, Brazil, and Chile in one group, Colombia, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela in the second group, and the last group which included Bolivia, Ecuador, and Paraguay.

Depending on what terms one uses to define the end, the movement extended until 1821 ( when the Spanish were expelled from mainland Chile ) or 1826 ( when the last Spanish troops surrendered and Chiloé was incorporated to the Chilean republic ).

But under orders of Spanish judge Baltasar Garzón, he was arrested there, attracting worldwide attention, not only because of the history of Chile and South America, but also because this was one of the first arrests of a former president based on the universal jurisdiction principle.

The current Senate composition is as follows: 20 seats are held by the Coalition of Parties for Democracy ( CPD ): Six Christian Democrats ( PDC ), eight Socialists ( PS ), three Party for Democracy ( PPD ) and three Social Democrat Radical Party ( PRSD ); 17 by the Alliance for Chile ( APC ): nine Independent Democratic Union ( UDI ) and eight National Renewal ( RN ); and one independent leaning right.

The economy of Chile is ranked as an upper-middle income economy by the World Bank, and is one of South America's most stable and prosperous nations, leading Latin American nations in human development, competitiveness, income per capita, globalization, economic freedom, and low perception of corruption.

Under the influence of the Chicago Boys the Pinochet regime made of Chile a leading country in establishing neoliberal policies which are commonly attributed to have lifted the country to become one of the richest in Latin America.

The Chilean forestry industry grew to comprise 13 % of the country ’ s total exports in 2005, making it one of the largest export sectors for Chile.

The mining sector in Chile is one of the pillars of Chilean economy.

National population censuses are carried out in Chile every ten years by the INE ( Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, or National Statistics Institute ), the last one being in 2012.

The withdrawal of the Spanish from valleys of Chile was violent: Almagro authorized his soldiers to ransack the natives ' properties, leaving their soil desolate ; there was not one Spaniard that did not enslave a native for his service.

* In Chile, a municipality ( municipalidad ) is a legal entity which administers one or more communes ( comuna ) which are the third-level division of the country.

The oldest-known deliberate mummy is a child, one of the Chinchorro mummies found in the Camarones Valley, Chile, and dates from around 5050 BC.

This lineup did only one show — in Viña del Mar, Chile — winning the award for best group at the city's annual International Song Festival.

Deposits of sodium nitrate ( NaNO < sub > 3 </ sub >) ( saltpeter ) are also found the Atacama desert in Chile and was one of the original ( 1830 ) nitrogen rich inorganic fertilizers used.

Several Latin American countries had severe downturns in the 1980s: by the Kehoe and Prescott definition of a great depression as at least one year with output 20 % below trend, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico experienced great depressions in the 1980s, and Argentina experienced another in 1998 – 2002.

His grandfather was a prominent physician and a social reformist who founded one of the first secular schools in Chile.

Originally the visit was supposed to be one week, however Castro enjoyed Chile, and one week turned to another.

Many musical genres are native to Chile ; one of the most popular was the Chilean Romantic Cumbia, exemplified by artists such as Americo and Leo Rey.