This turn of events marked China's transition from a planned economy to a mixed economy with an increasingly open market environment, a system termed by some as " market socialism ", and officially by the Communist Party of China as " Socialism with Chinese characteristics ".

The party's organizational structure was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution and rebuilt afterwards by Deng Xiaoping, who subsequently initiated " Socialism with Chinese characteristics " and brought all state apparatuses back under the rule of the CPC.

Following the death of Mao in 1976, however, the CPC under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping moved towards Socialism with Chinese characteristics and instituted Chinese economic reform.

He is considered " the architect " of a new brand of socialist thinking, having developed Socialism with Chinese characteristics and led Chinese economic reform through a synthesis of theories that became known as the " socialist market economy ".

The Kuomintang's revolutionary ideology in the 1920s incorporated unique Chinese Socialism as part of its ideology.

Deng made controversial economic reforms to the PRC's economy involving effective economic liberalization under the policy of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics.

" In rhetoric, Deng affirmed that Maoist ideology was responsible for the revolutionary success of the Communist Party, but abandoned it in practice to favour " Socialism with Chinese characteristics ", a very different model of state-directed market economics.

While it continues to be lauded to be the major force that defeated " imperialism and feudalism " and created a " New China " by the Communist Party of China, the ideology survives only in name on the Communist Party's Constitution ; Deng Xiaoping abolished most Maoist practices in 1978, advancing a guiding ideology called " Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

It was a huge step to take in the realization of Deng's " Socialism with Chinese characteristics ".

These measures of rapprochement later expanded into full-blown cooperation between the United States and China, and the introduction of Chinese economic reform and Socialism with Chinese characteristics that decisively introduced many elements of capitalism into the Chinese political system.

* Lijia Zhang, Chinese writer and author of " Socialism is Great!

At the same time the role of the work unit has changed as China has moved from a socialist ideology to " Socialism with Chinese characteristics ".

Beginning in 1978, it was further promoted by Deng Xiaoping as a central ideology of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and applied to economic and political reforms thereafter.

Eventually he wrote Shenfan ( read as the opposite of Fanshen ) and The Great Reversal, and became an outspoken opponent of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics and Chinese economic reform that the current CPC continues today.

The transition to a socialist market economy began in 1978 when Deng Xiaoping introduced his program of " Socialism with Chinese characteristics ".

Yang joined the Chinese Socialism Youth League in the second half of 1920 as one of the first members in Hunan.

From that point through to the early 1980s and Socialism with Chinese characteristics, China increasingly extended its own peaceful coexistence concept to include all nations.

* 1976 Chinese Socialism Before 1907, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.

During the Chinese Cultural Revolution ( CR ) ( 1966 – 1976 ), Chairman Mao Zedong in his quest to reassert his own power, Socialism, and rid Chinese society of traditional, capitalist and cultural elements, went after every person that he deemed a capitalist or disloyal to the Communist Party.

After a Chinese invasion to assist the North Koreans, fighting stabilized along the 38th parallel, which had separated the Koreas.

After American-sponsored attempts to negotiate a coalition government failed in 1946, the Chinese Civil War resumed.

After assembling his forces in Jiangxi, Chiang led his armies against the newly established Chinese Soviet Republic.

After the war, 200, 000 Chinese troops under General Lu Han were sent by Chiang Kai-shek to northern Indochina ( north of the 16th parallel ) to accept the surrender of Japanese occupying forces there, and remained in Indochina until 1946, when the French returned.

After 1271, the emperors of the Yuan Dynasty also took the Chinese title huangdi, or Chinese emperor.

After two weeks in India, he discovered that Bowles ' fears were warranted, as many film sessions were used by Russian and Chinese representatives to give long political speeches.

After 1966 it was consciously modeled after the Chinese Red Guards.

After the Mongols conquered China and founded the Yuan Dynasty, they used the Chinese gunpowder-based weapons technology in their invasion of Japan ; they also used gunpowder to fuel rockets.

After GM announced that same day that the sale was to an undisclosed Chinese company, CNN and the New York Times identified the buyer of the Hummer truck unit as China-based Sichuan Tengzhong Heavy Industrial Machinery Company Ltd. Later that day, Sichuan Tengzhong itself announced the deal on their own website.

After visiting his ancestral home in Suzhou, Pei created a design based on the simple but nuanced techniques of traditional residential Chinese buildings.

After 1565, cargoes of Chinese goods were transported from the Philippines to Mexico and from there to Spain.

After the demise of the Eastern Hunnic Empire, the Tele people of Kazakhstan, known in Chinese annals as Tiele, formed tribal unions that became a coveted attraction for the Hunnic successors, but they generally retained independence of their unions.

After trade relationships were established with the Ming dynasty of China by King Satto of Chūzan in 1372, some forms of Chinese martial arts were introduced to the Ryukyu Islands by the visitors from China, particularly Fujian Province.

After the Portuguese set up posts for trading in China and committed piratical activities and raids in China, the Chinese responded with the complete extermination of the Portuguese in Ningbo and Quanzhou Pires, a Portuguese trade envoy, was among those who died in the Chinese dungeons.

After Portuguese permanent settlement in Macau, both Chinese and Portuguese merchants flocked to Macau, although the Portuguese were never numerous ( numbering just 900 in 1583 and only 1, 200 out of 26, 000 in 1640 ).

After 18 months ' training, he spent a year in India working with the Chinese Intelligence Unit doing counter-intelligence work.

After Chinese radio broadcasts claimed to quote him admitting to participating in germ warfare, United Nations commander Gen. Mark W. Clark denounced said: " Whether these statements ever passed the lips of these unfortunate men is doubtful.

After a study he concluded that this was related to the way in which counter-factuality is marked grammatically in the Chinese language.

After the KORUS FTA ( United States-Korea Free Trade Agreement ) was finalized on June 30, 2007, the Chinese government has immediately begun seeking an FTA agreement with South Korea.

After the collisions, Japanese sailors boarded the Chinese vessel and arrested the captain, Zhan Qixiong.

After the defeat of her husband's government in the Chinese Civil War in 1949, Madame Chiang followed her husband to Taiwan, while her sister Soong Ching-ling stayed on the mainland, siding with the communists.

After the People's Republic of China was founded, the Republic of China continued to represent China in the UPU, until the organization decided on April 13, 1972 to recognize the People's Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative.

After the Communist victory, the Chinese Communist Party under Mao Zedong continued the Soviet classification, using the term Uyghur to describe the modern ethnic group.