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Cixi and first
On December 8, 1895, Empress Dowager Cixi appointed Yuan Shikai the commander of the 4, 000 men who formed the basis of the first New Army.
In 1857, when her son reached his first birthday, Cixi was elevated to the rank of Noble Consort Yi ( 懿貴妃 ).
His first regnal name was Qixiang ( 祺祥 ; Manchu: Fengšengge Sabingga ), but this name was later abandoned by Cixi in favour of Tongzhi, a contraction of the classical phrase tonggui yu zhi (), which means " restoring order together ".
The conservative faction was led by Empress Dowager Cixi, who became the most powerful political figure in the Manchu court after she succeeded first in controlling the young emperor Tongzhi and then in making Guangxu, her nephew, emperor in 1875.
With Zaifeng now firmly tied to her, Cixi no longer viewd him as a threat, and when Zaifeng and Youlan's first son Puyi was born in 1906, Puyi became a likely heir to the throne.
At first, Empress Dowager Cixi regarded Consort Zhen favourably, but, after finding out she had overspent her allowance, she demoted her.

Cixi and entered
According to biographers, her father was dismissed from the civil service in 1853, two years after Cixi entered the Forbidden City, for allegedly not resisting the Taiping Rebellion in Anhui Province and deserting his post.

Cixi and court
* Katherine Carl — an American painter and author at the court of the Empress Dowager Cixi of China.
By contrast, Empress Cixi was virulently anti-foreign, but she had to accommodate Prince Gong because he was an influential political figure in the Qing court.
Cixi was adept at manipulating court politics and rivalry to her advantage.
The most feared grand eunuch of the imperial court An Dehai (), close confidant of Empress Dowager Cixi, was on a trip south to buy some dragon robes for Empress Dowager Cixi.
Although Yixuan kept a low profile in the Qing imperial court during the Xianfeng Emperor's 11-year reign, his fortune was made by his sister-in-law Noble Consort Yi ( later Empress Dowager Cixi ) after Xianfeng's death in 1861.
In the following years, with the disgrace of Prince Gong, Yixuan unwillingly became the second most powerful figure in the Qing court after Empress Dowager Cixi.
One of the reasons why Zaifeng took up so many important positions in the Qing court after 1901 was that he was a protégé of the foreign powers, which Cixi was careful not to displease.
Cixi saw an opportunity in 1902 on Zaifeng's return from Germany-she ordered Zaifeng to marry Youlan, the daughter of Ronglu, who was a conservative politician in the Qing court and a staunch supporter of Cixi.
Ronglu one of the leaders of the conservative faction at the court, and a staunch supporter ( and cousin ) of Empress Dowager Cixi.

Cixi and concubine
Empress dowager Cixi: China's last dynasty and the long reign of a formidable concubine: legends and lives during the declining days of the Qing Dynasty.
* Yehonala, Imperial Chinese concubine, later the Empress Dowager Cixi ( Flashman and the Dragon ).
She told Cixi to stand to the right and reminded her that she was only a concubine while her husband was alive.
* Yuwen Yang, concubine of Zhenjin during the Yuan Dynasty whose ruthlessness has often been compared with Empress Dowager Cixi.

Cixi and Xianfeng
In 1851, Cixi participated in the selection process for concubines for the new Xianfeng Emperor alongside sixty other Manchu girls.
The Xianfeng Emperor and his entourage, including Cixi, fled Beijing for the safety of Rehe in Manchuria.
The only surviving son of the Xianfeng Emperor and Empress Dowager Cixi, Tongzhi attempted political reform in the period of the Tongzhi Restoration.
Xianfeng, under the influence of the Concubine Yi ( 懿貴妃, later the Empress Dowager Cixi ), believed in Chinese superiority and would not agree to any colonial demands.
# Zaichun, ( son of Empress Dowager Cixi ) who became the Tongzhi Emperor after the Xianfeng Emperor's death.
* Empress Dowager Cixi ( November 29, 1835 – November 15, 1908 ), wife and widow of Xianfeng Emperor.
Lady Niuhuru stayed childless and it was the Imperial Concubine Yi ( 懿嬪 ) ( the later Empress Dowager Cixi ) who bore the Xianfeng Emperor a son, the later Tongzhi Emperor, on 27 April 1856.
The Dingling tomb ( literally: the " Tomb of quietude ") is the tomb of the Xianfeng Emperor, the emperor of Empress Dowager Ci ' an and Empress Dowager Cixi, which is located indeed west of the Dingdongling.
Sterling Seagrave claimed in Dragon Lady: The Life and Legend of the Last Empress of China that Chinese historical records showed that the Xianfeng Emperor had appointed the two empress dowagers ( Empress Dowager Cixi and Empress Dowager Ci ' an ) as the Tongzhi Emperor's regents in accordance with imperial tradition.
In 1860, by the Xianfeng Emperor's decree, Yixuan married Wanzhen of the Yehenara clan, who was a younger sister of Empress Dowager Cixi.

Cixi and Emperor
Guangxu Emperor and the reformists then launched a more comprehensive reform effort, the Hundred Day's Reform ( 1898 ), but it was shortly overturned by the conservatives under Empress Dowager Cixi in a military coup.
* 1898 – The Hundred Days ' Reform is started by Guangxu Emperor with a plan to change social, political and educational institutions in China, but is suspended by Empress Dowager Cixi after 104 days.
However, Cixi and the Guangxu Emperor both died in 1908, leaving a relatively powerless and unstable central authority.
* September 21 – Empress Dowager Cixi of China engineers a coup d ' etat, marking the end of the Hundred Days ' Reform ; the Guangxu Emperor is arrested.
Prominent examples include Empress Dowager Cixi, mother of the Tongzhi Emperor ( 1861 – 1874 ), and aunt and adoptive mother of the Guangxu Emperor ( 1874 – 1908 ), who ruled China for 47 years ( 1861 – 1908 ), Empress Wu Zetian ( who ultimately declared herself Empress, and was subsequently overthrown ) and the Empress Dowager Lü of the Han Dynasty.
The Qing Court at the time was divided between progressives under the leadership of the Guangxu Emperor, and conservatives under the Empress Dowager Cixi, who had temporarily retreated to the Summer Palace as a place of " retirement ".
Tan Sitong reportedly had a talk with Yuan several days before the coup, asking Yuan to assist the Emperor against Cixi.
After the Reforms ended, the conservative Empress Dowager Cixi seized power and placed the reformist Guangxu Emperor under house arrest.
The posthumous names of some monarchs and royal members were long, for example Hongwu Emperor, Nurhaci, Crown Prince Hyomyeong, Sunjo of Joseon and Empress Dowager Cixi.
the Rescue Emperor Society ) in late Qing Dynasty, an organisation that supported the pro-reform Guangxu and advocated constitutional monarchy as a peaceful political reform, against both the conservative rulers ( such as Cixi ) who opposed any reform and the Tongmenghui who sought to overthrow the monarchy and establish the Republic of China
Yuan became increasingly disrespectful of the dynasty and only loyal to the party from which he benefited ; his defection to Cixi against Guangxu Emperor was a major blow to the Hundred Days Reform.
Cixi then consolidated control over the dynasty when, at the death of the Tongzhi Emperor, contrary to the rules of succession, she installed her nephew as the Guangxu Emperor in 1875.
Cixi rejected the Hundred Days ' Reforms of 1898 as impractical and detrimental to dynastic power and placed the Guangxu Emperor under house arrest for supporting reformers.
Cixi followed with an edict dictating Guangxu's total disgrace and " not being fit to be Emperor ".
Western governments, too, were in favour of the Guangxu Emperor as the pre-eminent authority figure in China, and refused to recognise Empress Dowager Cixi.
Following their victory in the Boxer Rebellion, the Eight-Nation Alliance occupied Beijing on 14 August and a Chinese declaration of war which the Guangxu Emperor opposed, but had no power to stop, the Guangxu Emperor fled with Empress Dowager Cixi to Xi ' an, dressed in civilian outfits.
Rumours say that in 1900, Consort Zhen was drowned by being thrown into a well on Cixi's order after Consort Zhen begged Empress Dowager Cixi to let the Guangxu Emperor stay in Beijing for negotiations with the foreign powers.

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