TERMINATION OF MANDATE, PARTITION AND INDEPENDENCE: Clause 3. provides :- Independent Arab and Jewish States and the Special International Regime for the City of Jerusalem, ..., shall come into existence in Palestine two months after the evacuation of the armed forces of the mandatory Power has been completed but in any case not later than 1 October 1948.

According to Article II, Section 3, Clause 2 of the Constitution, the president may convene either or both houses of Congress.

* Under Article I, Section 3, Clause 7, upon conviction in impeachment cases, the Senate has the option of disqualifying convicted individuals from holding other federal offices, including the presidency.

" Article I, Section 3, Clause 6 gives the Senate the power to remove impeached officials from office, given a two-thirds vote to convict.

Article I, Section 3, Clause 6 refers to a " Chief Justice " when it states " When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside.

It replaced Article II, Section 1, Clause 3, which provided the original procedure by which the Electoral College functioned.

Under the original procedure for the Electoral College, as provided in Article II, Section 1, Clause 3, each elector could cast two votes.

It counts all residents for apportionment, overriding Article I, Section 2, Clause 3 of the Constitution, which counted only three-fifths of each state's slave population.

Article I, Section 2, Clause 3:

In Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad,, the Supreme Court ruled that ( 1 ) the Sixteenth Amendment removes the Pollock requirement that certain income taxes ( such as taxes on income " derived from real property " that were the subject of the Pollock decision ), be apportioned among the states according to population ; ( 2 ) the federal income tax statute does not violate the Fifth Amendment's prohibition against the government taking property without due process of law ; ( 3 ) the federal income tax statute does not violate the Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 requirement that excises, also known as indirect taxes, be imposed with geographical uniformity.

On July 3, 2007, the Court ( through the original three-judge panel ) ruled ( 1 ) that the taxpayer's compensation was received on account of a non-physical injury or sickness ; ( 2 ) that gross income under section 61 of the Internal Revenue Code does include compensatory damages for non-physical injuries, even if the award is not an " accession to wealth ," ( 3 ) that the income tax imposed on an award for non-physical injuries is an indirect tax, regardless of whether the recovery is restoration of " human capital ," and therefore the tax does not violate the constitutional requirement of Article I, Section 9, Clause 4, that capitations or other direct taxes must be laid among the states only in proportion to the population ; ( 4 ) that the income tax imposed on an award for non-physical injuries does not violate the constitutional requirement of Article I, Section 8, Clause 1, that all duties, imposts and excises be uniform throughout the United States ; ( 5 ) that under the doctrine of sovereign immunity, the Internal Revenue Service may not be sued in its own name.

The United States Constitution does not explicitly establish the office of Chief Justice, but presupposes its existence with a single reference in Article I, Section 3, Clause 6: " When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside.

As President of the Senate ( Article I, Section 3, Clause 4 ), the Vice President oversees procedural matters and may cast a tie-breaking vote.

Also, Article I, Section 3, Clause 7 allows the Senate, upon voting to remove an impeached federal official from office, to disqualify that official from holding any federal office.

Under the system in place at the time ( Article II, Section 1, Clause 3 ), the electors could not differentiate between their two candidates, so the plan had been for one elector to vote for Thomas Jefferson but not for Aaron Burr, thus putting Burr in second place.

" Similarly, Article I, Section 3, Clause 6 and Article II, Section 4 both authorize the Senate to serve as a court with the power to remove impeached officials from office, given a two-thirds vote to convict.

( Article I, Section 10, Clause 3 ).

Clause 3. provided as follows :- Independent Arab and Jewish States and the Special International Regime for the City of Jerusalem, set forth in part III of this plan, shall come into existence in Palestine two months after the evacuation of the armed forces of the mandatory Power has been completed but in any case not later than 1 October 1948.

Congressional authority to enact such a law is twofold: Article II, Section 1, Clause 6 of the United States Constitution and Section 3 of the Twentieth Amendment to the Constitution.

The Communications Act of 1934 followed the precedents of trial cases set under the Commerce Clause of the U. S. Constitution ( Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 ), regulating commerce " among the several states ".

In 2005, a California federal court ruled that a group alleging that anthroposophy is a religion for Establishment Clause purposes did not provide any legally admissible evidence in support of this view ; the case is under appeal.

The Supreme Court of the United States held in its landmark case, McGowan v. Maryland ( 1961 ), that Maryland's blue laws violated neither the Free Exercise Clause nor the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.

The Copyright Clause of the United States Constitution ( 1787 ) authorized copyright legislation: " To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.

* Treaties are formal written agreements specified by the Treaty Clause of the Constitution.

The Double Jeopardy Clause encompasses four distinct prohibitions: subsequent prosecution after acquittal, subsequent prosecution after conviction, subsequent prosecution after certain mistrials, and multiple punishment in the same indictment.

The most important aspect of the Treaty relating to the Dolchstoßlegende was the War Guilt Clause ( Kriegsschuldklausel ), which forced Germany to accept complete responsibility for the hostilities.

In April 2006, Margaret Witt, a major in the United States Air Force who was being investigated for homosexuality filed suit in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington seeking declaratory and injunctive relief on the grounds that DADT violates substantive due process, the Equal Protection Clause, and procedural due process.

* 1964 – American Civil Rights Movement: Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States – The United States Supreme Court rules that the U. S. Congress can use the Constitution's Commerce Clause power to fight discrimination.

" The Supreme Court ruled that the Ohio program did not violate the Establishment Clause, because it passed a five part test developed by the Court in this case, titled the Private Choice Test.

He also found that religious instruction and secular education could not be separated and this itself violated the Establishment Clause.

As such, Hillary Clinton's abdication of the office in favor of the couple's daughter, in advance of the former's installation as a United States Senator avoided conflict under the Ineligibility Clause of the United States Constitution.

In addition, the Necessary and Proper Clause gives the federal government the implied power to pass any law " necessary and proper " for the execution of its express powers.

# The Legislative had too much power ( mainly because of the Necessary and Proper Clause ) and that they were unchecked.

From 1938 until 1995, the U. S. Supreme Court did not invalidate any federal statute as exceeding Congress ' power under the Commerce Clause.

Most actions by the federal government can find some legal support among the express powers, such as the Commerce Clause, whose applicability has been narrowed by the Supreme Court in recent years.

Recently, the Commerce Clause was interpreted to include marijuana laws in the Gonzales v. Raich decision.

Clause 2 provided that Britain " should use its best endeavours to ensure than an area situated in the territory of the Jewish State, including a seaport and hinterland adequate to provide facilities for a substantial immigration, shall be evacuated at the earliest possible date and in any event not later than 1 February 1948 ".

" In his historical account, Justice Thomas argued the early precedent provided by State Board of Equalization v. Young's Market Co. was indeed correct, and furthered the original intent of the Twenty-first Amendment to provide a constitutional guarantee authorizing state regulation that might conflict with the Dormant Commerce Clause ( similar to the Webb – Kenyon Act ).

Article II, Section 1, Clause 3 of the Constitution provided for the original fashion by which the President and Vice President were to be chosen by the electors.

The Court invoked the Necessary and Proper Clause of the Constitution, which allowed the Federal government to pass laws not expressly provided for in the Constitution's list of express powers, provided those laws are in useful furtherance of the express powers of Congress under the Constitution.

In parliament Healy did not optically cut an imposing figure, but impressed by the application of sheer intelligence, diligence and volatile use of speech when he achieved the Healy Clause in the 1881 Land Act which provided that no further rent should in future be charged on tenant's improvements.

He famously wrote, " the full scope of the liberty guaranteed by the Due Process Clause cannot be found in or limited by the precise terms of the specific guarantees elsewhere provided in the Constitution.

Under the Necessary and Proper Clause, it is specifically provided that the Congress shall have the power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution, not only its own powers but also all other powers vested by the Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.

Clause 39 of the Magna Carta provided:

Steven F. Huefner wrote that " Although the Presentment Clause analysis of the Line Item Veto Act has superficial appeal, it ultimately does not withstand scrutiny ," arguing that the Court should have relied on the nondelegation doctrine in order to invalidate the Act, as it provided a superior basis for such a decision.

" In the area of the War Powers Clause, the flexibility provided by the requirement for a Congressional statute permitting war ( a declaration of war ) and Constitutional interpretation could be sufficient.

Bingham's main inspiration, at least for his initial prototype of this Clause, was the Privileges and Immunities Clause in Article Four of the original unamended Constitution, which provided: " The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.

The issue presented to the U. S. Supreme Court was whether the sale of a magazine article provided sufficient minimum contacts to permit the assertion of personal jurisdiction over the editor of that article, pursuant to the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.