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Comet Shoemaker – Levy 9 ( formally designated D / 1993 F2 ) was a comet that broke apart and collided with Jupiter in July 1994, providing the first direct observation of an extraterrestrial collision of Solar System objects.
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Comet and Shoemaker
While conducting a program of observations designed to uncover near-Earth objects, the Shoemakers and Levy discovered Comet Shoemaker – Levy 9 on the night of March 24, 1993 in a photograph taken with the Schmidt telescope at the Palomar Observatory in California.
Comet Shoemaker – Levy 9 was the ninth periodic comet ( a comet whose orbital period is 200 years or less ) discovered by the Shoemakers and Levy, hence its name.
This discrepancy may be due to the gravitational attraction of Jupiter, which acts as a kind of barrier, trapping incoming comets and causing them to collide with it, just as it did with Comet Shoemaker – Levy 9 in 1994.
A solar flare is a sudden brightening observed over the Sun's surface or the solar limb, which is interpreted as a large energy release of up to 6 × 10 < sup > 25 </ sup > joules of energy ( about a sixth of the total energy output of the Sun each second or 160, 000, 000, 000 megatons of TNT equivalent, over 25, 000 times more energy than released from the impact of Comet Shoemaker – Levy 9 with Jupiter ).
The network is also relevant to understanding Solar System dynamics ; Comet Shoemaker – Levy 9 followed such a trajectory to collide with Jupiter.
Born in Los Angeles, California, he is best known for co-discovering the Comet Shoemaker – Levy 9 with his wife Carolyn Shoemaker and David Levy.
Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker ( born 1929 ) is an American astronomer and is a co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker – Levy 9.
The probe also carried a small amount of the remains of Dr. Eugene Shoemaker ( April 28, 1928 – July 18, 1997 ), astronomer and co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, to the moon for a space burial.
* Dr. Eugene Shoemaker, ( April 28, 1928 – July 18, 1997 ), astronomer and co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker – Levy 9.
* Eugene Merle Shoemaker ( 1928 – 1997 ), planetary scientist and co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 ( Gene Shoemaker commonly )
Comet and –
* 1954 – South African Airways Flight 201 A de Havilland DH. 106 Comet 1 crashes into the sea during night killing 21 people.
* 837 – Halley's Comet and Earth experienced their closest approach to one another when their separating distance equalled 0. 0342 AU ( 3. 2 million miles ).
* 2004 – Stardust successfully flies past Comet Wild 2, collecting samples that are returned to Earth.
* 1770 – Lexell's Comet passed closer to the Earth than any other comet in recorded history, approaching to a distance of 0. 0146 a. u.
* 1954 – BOAC Flight 781 A de Havilland DH. 106 Comet 1 explodes into the Tyrrhenian Sea killing 35 people.
* 2007 – Comet C / 2006 P1 ( McNaught ) reaches perihelion becoming the brightest comet in more than 40 years.
* 1995 – Comet Hale – Bopp is discovered ; it will become visible to the naked eye nearly a year later.
It was in 1866 – 67 that information on Comet Tempel-Tuttle was gathered pointing it out as the source of the meteor shower.
* 1952 – The world's first ever jet airliner, the De Havilland Comet 1 makes its maiden flight, from London to Johannesburg.
* 1861 – The Great Comet of 1861 is discovered by John Tebbutt of Windsor, New South Wales, Australia.
* 1997 – Comet Hale-Bopp: Observers in China, Mongolia and eastern Siberia are treated to a rare double feature as an eclipse permits Hale-Bopp to be seen during the day.
Comet and Levy
* David H. Levy discovered or co-discovered 22 comets including Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, the most for any individual.
Comet and 9
Figure 1: Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 in 1994 after breaking up under the influence of Jupiter's tidal forces during a previous pass in 1992.
* Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 ( formally designated D / 1993 F2, nicknamed String of Pearls for its appearance ) was a comet that broke apart and collided with Jupiter in July 1994, providing the first direct observation of an extraterrestrial collision of solar system objects ..
* April 9 – Comet Austin, the brightest comet visible from Earth since 1975, makes its closest approach to the sun.
* February 9 – Halley's Comet reaches its perihelion, the closest point to the Sun, during its second visit to the solar system in the 20th Century.
* July 28 – Halley's Comet reaches its perihelion, the closest point to the Sun — the last return reached its perihelion on February 9, 1986.
This has led to the suggestion that the Chicxulub impact was one of several that occurred almost simultaneously, perhaps due to a disrupted comet impacting the Earth in a similar manner to the collision of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter in 1994.
The 1994 impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter served as a " wake-up call ", and astronomers responded by starting programs such as Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research ( LINEAR ), Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking ( NEAT ), Lowell Observatory Near-Earth Object Search ( LONEOS ) and several others which have drastically increased the rate of asteroid discovery.
Until the 1980s this idea was not taken seriously, but opinions changed following the discovery of the Chicxulub Crater, which was further reinforced by witness to the Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 event.
The impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 to Jupiter in July 1994 created a greater perception of importance to the detection of near Earth objects.
After the impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, asteroid detection programs all over the world received greater funding.
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