On May 11,330, A.D.,, its name was changed again, this time to Constantinople after its emperor, Constantine.

Erected on the site of pagan temples and three previous St. Sophias, the first of which was begun by Constantine, this fourth church was started by Justinian in 532 and completed twenty years later.

It stands in the middle of what was once the Forum of Constantine, who brought it from Rome.

The conflict between Arianism and Trinitarian beliefs was the first major doctrinal confrontation in the Church after the legalization of Christianity by the Roman Emperors Constantine I and Licinius.

Although he was committed to maintaining what the church had defined at Nicaea, Constantine was also bent on pacifying the situation and eventually became more lenient toward those condemned and exiled at the council.

Eusebius and Theognis remained in the Emperor's favour, and when Constantine, who had been a catechumen much of his adult life, accepted baptism on his deathbed, it was from Eusebius of Nicomedia.

First married to Michael VII Doukas and secondly to Nikephoros III Botaneiates, she was preoccupied with the future of her son by Michael VII, Constantine Doukas.

However, this situation changed drastically when Alexios ' first son John II Komnenos was born in 1087: Anna's engagement to Constantine was dissolved, and she was moved to the main Palace to live with her mother and grandmother.

Alexios became estranged from Maria, who was stripped of her imperial title and retired to a monastery, and Constantine Doukas was deprived of his status as co-emperor.

Led by a pretender claiming to be Constantine Diogenes, a long-dead son of the Emperor Romanos IV, the Cumans crossed the mountains and raided into eastern Thrace until their leader was eliminated at Adrianople.

Constantine was forced to become a monk by his nephew Andronikos III Palaiologos.

The antipope Felix died, as stated above, on a 22 November, and his death was not a martyr's, occurring when the Peace of Constantine had been in force for half a century.

After the death of his master the school of Syria was dispersed, and Aedesius seems to have modified his doctrines out of fear of Constantine, and took refuge in divination.

Nicaea was convoked by Constantine I in May – August 325 to address the Arian position that Jesus of Nazareth is of a distinct substance from the Father.

He continued to lead the conflict against the Arians for the rest of his life and was engaged in theological and political struggles against the Emperors Constantine the Great and Constantius II and powerful and influential Arian churchmen, led by Eusebius of Nicomedia and others.

At that meeting, Athanasius was accused of threatening to interfere with the supply of grains from Egypt, and, without any kind of formal trial, was exiled by Constantine to Trier in the Rhineland.

On the death of Emperor Constantine I, Athanasius was allowed to return to his See of Alexandria.

As a result of rises and falls in Arianism's influence after the First Council of Nicaea, Emperor Constantine I banished him from Alexandria to Trier in the Rhineland, but he was restored after the death of Constantine I by the emperor's son Constantine II.

* Constantine II of Greece ( born 1940 ), Olympic champion ( 1960 ) and formerly King of the Hellenes March 6, 1964 – December 8, 1974

The eldest son of Constantine the Great and Fausta after the death of his half-brother Crispus, Constantine II was born in Arles in February, 316, and raised as a Christian.

Although the date of his birth is nowhere recorded, Constantine II cannot have been born any later than the year after his father's death, that is 879.

His name may suggest that he was born rather earlier, during the reign of his uncle Constantine I.

Socrates Scholasticus ( born c. 380 ), in his Ecclesiastical History, gives a full description of the discovery ( that was repeated later by Sozomen and by Theodoret ) which emphasizes the role played in the excavations and construction by Helena ; just as the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem ( also founded by Constantine and Helena ) commemorated the birth of Jesus, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre would commemorate his death and resurrection.

In March 1913, an anarchist, Alexandros Schinas, assassinated King George in Thessaloniki, and his son came to the throne as Constantine I. Constantine was the first Greek king born in Greece and the first to be Greek Orthodox.

Flavius Claudius Julianus, born in May or June 332 or 331 in Constantinople, was the son of Julius Constantius ( consul in 335 ), half brother of Emperor Constantine I, and his second wife, Basilina, a woman of Greek origin.

Cyril was reputedly the youngest of seven brothers ; he was born Constantine, but took the name Cyril upon becoming a monk shortly before his death, according to the " Vita Cyrilli " (" The Life of Cyril ").

Claudius ' victories against the Goths would not only make him a hero in Latin tradition, but an admirable choice as an ancestor for Constantine, who was born at Naissus, the site of Claudius ' victory in 269.

Constantine was born in Constantinople as the eighth of ten children to Manuel II Palaiologos and Serbian Helena Dragaš, the daughter of the Serbian prince Constantine Dragaš.

Michael VII was the eldest son of Constantine X Doukas and Eudokia Makrembolitissa, and was born c. 1050, in Constantinople.

His son, Constantine II, was born in Arles.

Isabelle Yasmine Adjani was born in an immigrant neighborhood Gennevilliers, Hauts-de-Seine, a suburb of Paris to an Algerian father from Constantine, Algeria.

* Constantine Maroulis ( born 1975 ), singer / actor.

Constantine Lascaris ( 1434 – 15 August 1501 ) was a Greek scholar and grammarian, one of the promoters of the revival of Greek learning in the Italian peninsula, born at Constantinople.

After Paul's sons Alexander and Constantine were born, she immediately had them placed under her charge, just as Elizabeth had done with Paul.

* Princess Anne-Marie Dagmar Ingrid ( born 1946 ), who married King Constantine II of the Hellenes ( later deposed ) in 1964.

160 – 104 BC ) was a King of Numidia, born in Cirta ( modern-day Constantine ).

However, in 1087 a blood heir, John II, was born, and Constantine had to forfeit his imperial claims.

Constantine II, (, Konstantínos Βʹ ; born 2 June 1940 ) was King of Greece from 1964 until the abolition of the monarchy in 1973, the sixth and last monarch of the Greek Royal Family.

Constantine was born at Psychiko, a suburb in northern Athens, the nephew of King George II and the second child and only son of the king's brother and heir-presumptive, Crown Prince Paul.

As a measure intended to keep the support of the Doukai, Alexios restored Constantine Doukas, the young son of Michael VII and Maria, as co-emperor and a little later betrothed him to his own first-born daughter Anna, who moved into the Mangana Palace with her fiancé and his mother.

Constantine divided the expanded city, like Rome, into 14 regions, and ornamented it with public works worthy of an imperial metropolis.

Theodosius I founded the Church of John the Baptist to house the skull of the saint ( today preserved at the Topkapı Palace in Istanbul, Turkey ), put up a memorial pillar to himself in the Forum of Taurus, and turned the ruined temple of Aphrodite into a coach house for the Praetorian Prefect ; Arcadius built a new forum named after himself on the Mese, near the walls of Constantine.

Constantine V convoked a church council in 754, which condemned the worship of images, after which many treasures were broken, burned, or painted over with depictions of trees, birds or animals: One source refers to the church of the Holy Virgin at Blachernae as having been transformed into a " fruit store and aviary ".

Another defense tactic involved Constantine blocking off the port so that the Ottoman army could not get ships into it.

Meanwhile, his brother Constantine desired to retain control of Constans ' realm – leading Constantius ' two brothers into open conflict.

At first allied with the southern rulers against the Vikings, Constantine in time came into conflict with them.

* 330: Constantine makes Constantinople into his capital, a new Rome.

When Bulgaria entered the war as a German ally in October 1915, Venizelos invited Entente forces into Greece ( the Salonika Front ), for which he was again dismissed by Constantine.

The lorica segmentata eventually disappeared from Roman use, most likely due to its high cost and difficult maintenance despite its good qualities, although it appears to have still been in use into the early 4th century, being depicted in the Arch of Constantine erected in 315 during the reign of Constantine I to commemorate his military achievements.

( However, it has been argued that these depictions are from an earlier monument by Marcus Aurelius, from which Constantine incorporated portions into his Arch.

Gerbert instructed Constantine that, if doubtful of the position of the pole star, he should fix the sighting tube of the armillary sphere into position to view the star he suspected was it, and if the star did not move out of sight, it was thus the pole star.

* Spring – Constantine III crosses the Alps into Liguria ( Northern Italy ), but retreats to Gaul after Gerontius revolts in Spain against his son Constans II.

* July – Battle of Hellespont: Crispus, destroys Licinius ' naval fleet in the Dardanelles, allowing his father Constantine the ability to cross over the Bosporus into Asian provinces.

* Collapse of the Kingdom of Georgia into anarchy and it's subsequent fragmentation into rival states of Kartli, Kakheti, Imereti, Samtskhe-Saatabago and a number of principalities, which is finalised in 1490 when Constantine II of Georgia has to recognize his rival monarchies.

They had then swept on westwards into what in the time of Constantine had been the western provinces of the Roman Empire, in North Africa and Spain.

* Constantine I founds Constantinople and incorporates Byzantium into the new capital.

Constantine leads a punitive expedition into Dacia and reestablished the Roman fortifications of the frontier.

According to this version, Constantine with his army was marching ( Eusebius does not specify the actual location of the event, but it clearly is not in the camp at Rome ), when he looked up to the sun and saw a cross of light above it, and with it the Greek words " Εν Τούτῳ Νίκα ", En toutō níka, usually translated into Latin as " in hoc signo vinces ," both phrases have the literal meaning " In this sign, shall conquer ;" a more free translation would be " Through this sign shall conquer ".

The accounts of the two contemporary authors, though not entirely consistent, have been merged into a popular notion of Constantine seeing the Chi-Rho sign on the evening before the battle.

After Constantine the Great had enlarged Byzantium to make it into a new capital city in 330, it was thought appropriate that its bishop, once a suffragan of Heraclea Pontica and traditionally a successor of Saint Andrew the Apostle, should become second only to the Bishop of Old Rome.

Two years later, in autumn 1446, Sultan Murad II who had come out of retirement, led an army of 50 – 60, 000 soldiers into Greece to put an end to the pretensions of Constantine.