The Roman Emperors Constantius II ( 337 – 361 ) and Valens ( 364 – 378 ) were Arians or Semi-Arians.

However, to minimize the extent of the movement ignores the facts that at least two Roman emperors, Constantius II and Valens, became Arians, as did prominent Gothic, Vandal and Lombard warlords both before and after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

However, there is no evidence that his son and ultimate successor, Constantius II, who was an Arian Christian, was exiled.

Constantine's son Constantius II, who had become Emperor of the eastern part of the Empire, actually encouraged the Arians and set out to reverse the Nicene creed.

In 355 Constantius became the sole Emperor and extended his pro-Arian policy toward the western provinces, frequently using force to push through his creed, even exiling Pope Liberius and installing Antipope Felix II.

However, during the time of Arianism's flowering in Constantinople, the Gothic convert Ulfilas ( later the subject of the letter of Auxentius cited above ) was sent as a missionary to the Gothic barbarians across the Danube, a mission favored for political reasons by emperor Constantius II.

* 317 – Constantius II, Roman emperor ( d. 361 )

* 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory over Magnus Magnentius.

He came from Antioch and served under Constantius II and was probably appointed to ensure that nobody with western associations was serving in Britain during a time of mistrust, rebellion and suppression symbolised by the brutal acts of the imperial notary Paulus Catena.

A bust of Emperor Constantius II from Syria. Ammianus was born between 325 and 330 in the Greek-speaking East, possibly at Antioch on the Orontes.

Ammianus served as a soldier in the army of Constantius II ( and possibly Julian the Apostate ) in Gaul and Persia.

He entered the army at an early age, when Constantius II was emperor of the East, and was sent to serve under Ursicinus, governor of Nisibis in Mesopotamia, and magister militum.

The walls of Amida, built by Constantius II before the Siege of Amida of 359

Like many ancient historians, Ammianus had a strong political and religious agenda to pursue, however, and he contrasted Constantius II with Julian to the former's constant disadvantage ; like all ancient writers he was skilled in rhetoric, and this shows in his work.

* 355 – Claudius Silvanus, accused of treason, proclaims himself Roman Emperor against Constantius II.

Antipope Felix II was installed as Pope in 355 after the Emperor Constantius II banished the reigning Pope, Liberius, for refusing to subscribe the sentence of condemnation against Saint Athanasius.

He continued to lead the conflict against the Arians for the rest of his life and was engaged in theological and political struggles against the Emperors Constantine the Great and Constantius II and powerful and influential Arian churchmen, led by Eusebius of Nicomedia and others.

Shortly thereafter, however, Constantine's son, the new Roman Emperor Constantius II, renewed the order for Athanasius ' banishment in 338.

The persecution against the orthodox party broke out with renewed vigor, and Constantius II was induced to prepare drastic measures against Athanasius and the priests who were devoted to him.

Unfortunately, the emperor Constantius II seems to have been committed to having Athanasius deposed, and went so far as to send soldiers to arrest him.

Athanasius went into hiding in the desert with the Desert Fathers, and continued in his capacity as bishop from there until the death of Constantius II in 361.

The Batavi were still mentioned in 355 during the reign of Constantius II ( 317-361 ), when their island was already dominated by the Salii, a Frankish tribe that had sought Roman protection there in 297 after having been expelled from their own country by the Saxons.

* Constantius II ( 317 – 361 ), Roman Emperor from 337 to 361

Constantius II (; 7 August 317 – 3 November 361 ), was Roman Emperor from 337 to 361.

He returned to Italy with Ursicinus, when he was recalled by Constantius, and accompanied him on the expedition against Claudius Silvanus, who had been forced by the allegedly unjust accusations of his enemies into proclaiming himself emperor in Gaul.

In May 357 the Roman laity, which had remained faithful to Liberius, demanded that Constantius, who was on a visit to Rome, should recall Liberius.

After the death of Constantine I ( May 337 ), this was the formal division of the Empire, until Dalmatius was killed and his territory divided between Constans and Constantius.

Constantius was born in 317 at Sirmium, Pannonia.

Constantius was made Caesar by his father on 13 November 324.

Before Constantius arrived, the Persian general Narses, who was possibly the king's brother, overran Mesopotamia and captured Amida.

In early 337, Constantius hurried to Constantinople after receiving news that his father was near death.

While Constantius was away from the eastern frontier in early 337, Shapur assembled a large army, including war elephants, and launched an attack on Roman territory, laying waste to Mesopotamia and putting Nisibis under siege.

Ultimately, Constantius was able to push back the invasion, Shapur failing to make any significant gains.

This new state of affairs was unacceptable to Constantius, who felt that as the only surviving son of Constantine the Great, the position of emperor was his alone.

In 350, he was made Caesar ( title ) | Caesar by Constantius and was married to the Emperor's sister, Constantina.

A few days later, Julian was married to Helena, the last surviving sister of Constantius.

Second, to Eusebia, a woman of Macedonian origin from the city of Thessaloniki, whom Constantius married before his defeat of Magnentius in 353.

Third and lastly, in 360, to Faustina, who gave birth to Constantius ' only child, a posthumous daughter named Flavia Maxima Constantia, who later married Emperor Gratian.

In 417, Constantius married Honorius ' sister, Galla Placidia, much against her will.

Said niece Claudia reportedly married Eutropius and was mother to Constantius Chlorus.

To strengthen the ties between the emperor and his powerful military servant, in 289 Constantius divorced his wife ( or concubine ) Helena, and married the emperor Maximian ’ s daughter, Theodora.

Constantius was either married to, or was in concubinage with, Helena, who was probably from Nicomedia in Asia Minor.

Constantius married Coel's daughter Helena and became king of Britain.

Gratian was first married to Flavia Maxima Constantia, daughter of Constantius II.

Constantius was appointed patricius and in 417, the year of his second consulate held with Honorius as colleague, he married Galla Placidia, tying himself to the House of Theodosius.

In order to obtain a wife more consonant with his rising status, Constantius divorced Helena some time before 289, when he married Theodora, Maximian's daughter.

who reportedly married Eutropius and was mother to Constantius Chlorus.

In the legend Helena, the daughter of Cole, married the Roman senator Constantius Chlorus, who had been sent by Rome as an ambassador and was named as Cole's successor.

Constantius married Coel's daughter, Helena, and crowned himself as Coel's successor.

In 293, Theodora married Flavius Valerius Julius Constantius ( later known as Constantius Chlorus ), after he had divorced from his first wife, Helena, to strengthen his political position.

Constantius had married the princess Galla Placidia ( despite her protests ) in 417.

Galerius's sister gave birth to a son, Maximinus Daia, and Galerius's daughter by his first wife, Valeria Maximilla, married Maxentius, son of Maximian by his wife Eutropia ; Eutropia's first marriage ( to Afranius Hannibalianus ) had produced a daughter, Theodora, who became the second wife of Constantius Chlorus (" the Pale ") in 289 ( adopted by Maximian on March 1, 293 ).

Constantius I " Chlorus " married twice ; his first wife St. Helena bore him a son, Constantine I whose second wife Fausta ( daughter of Maximian and Eutropia ; sister of Maxentius ; half-sister of Constantius I's second wife Theodora ) bore him three sons ( Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans I ) and two daughters ( Constantia and Helena ); these children were nieces and nephews of Maxentius, half-nieces and half-nephews of Licinius ( who had married their father's half-sister ), and grandchildren of Maximian.