Rather than pursuing his opponent, Constantius then turned his attention to securing the Danubian border, where he spent the early months of 352 campaigning against the Sarmatians along the middle Danube.

Constantius spent the next few years overseeing affairs in the western part of the empire primarily from his base at Mediolanum.

Constantius had already spent part of early 361 unsuccessfully attempting to re-take the fortress of Ad Tigris.

Constantius spent the next two years neutralising the threat of the Franks who were the allies of Allectus, as northern Gaul remained under the control of the British usurper until at least 295.

His efforts were not at first successful, for at the synod of Biterrae ( Béziers ), summoned in 356 by the Emperor Constantius with the professed purpose of settling the longstanding disputes, Hilary was, by an imperial rescript, banished with Rhodanus of Toulouse to Phrygia, where he spent nearly four years in exile.

After electing Magnus Decentius ( probably his brother ) to Caesar and gathering as many troops as possible, the armies of Magnentius and Constantius met in the Battle of Mursa Major in 351 ; Magnentius led his troops into battle, while Constantius spent the day of battle praying in a nearby church.

However, Constantius ' actions in this regard may not have been so much to do with Jewish religion as Jewish business ; apparently, it was often the case that privately owned Jewish businesses were in competition with state-owned businesses.

As such, Constantius may have sought to provide as much of an advantage to the state-owned businesses as possible by limiting the skilled workers and the slaves available to the Jewish businesses.

In 417, Constantius married Honorius ' sister, Galla Placidia, much against her will.

In 355, after deposing his cousin Gallus but still feeling the crises of the empire too much for one emperor to handle, Constantius raised his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar.

He continued to lead the conflict against the Arians for the rest of his life and was engaged in theological and political struggles against the Emperors Constantine the Great and Constantius II and powerful and influential Arian churchmen, led by Eusebius of Nicomedia and others.

Constantius remained in Britain for the rest of the time he was part of the Tetrarchy, dying in York in July 306.

However, in June, forces loyal to Constantius captured the city of Aquileia on the north Adriatic coast, an event which threatened to cut Julian off from the rest of his forces, while Constantius's troops marched towards him from the east.

The defeat of Magnentius in 353 left Constantius as sole Roman Emperor.

In 353, Constantius and Magnentius met for what would be the final time at the Battle of Mons Seleucus in southern Gaul, and again, Constantius emerged the victor.

Constantius had made him magister militum in 353, with the purpose of blocking the German threats, a feat that Silvanus achieved by bribing the German tribes with the money he had collected.

Second, to Eusebia, a woman of Macedonian origin from the city of Thessaloniki, whom Constantius married before his defeat of Magnentius in 353.

After the defeat and death of Magnentius in the Battle of Mons Seleucus in 353, Constantius II dispatched his chief imperial notary Paulus Catena to Britain to hunt down Magnentius ' supporters.

His first recorded act was, after a synod had been held at Rome, to write to Emperor Constantius II, then in quarters at Arles ( 353 – 354 ), asking that a council might be called at Aquileia with reference to the affairs of Athanasius of Alexandria, but his messenger Vincentius of Capua was compelled by the emperor at a conciliabulum held in Arles to subscribe against his will to a condemnation of the orthodox patriarch of Alexandria.

* 353 – Constantius defeats Magnentius at Mons Seleuci.

The West was unified in 340 under Constans, who was assassinated in 350 under the order of the usurper Magnentius ; after Magnentius lost the Battle of Mursa Major and committed suicide, a complete reunification of the whole Empire occurred in 353, with Constantius II.

* 353 – 354, Raids against Alamanni under Emperor Constantius II.

Flavius Martinus was a vicarius of Roman Britain c. 353 under Constantius II.

He was dispatched to Roman Britain by the Emperor Constantius II to control subversive elements in 353, after the fall of the Britto-Frankish usurper Magnentius.

Magnentius's defeat in 353 by Constantius II, the last of the brother Emperors, reunified the Empire under a single Emperor.

In 353, Constantius II defeated the usurper Magnentius at Lyon and became sole Emperor.

He entered the army at an early age, when Constantius II was emperor of the East, and was sent to serve under Ursicinus, governor of Nisibis in Mesopotamia, and magister militum.

In early 337, Constantius hurried to Constantinople after receiving news that his father was near death.

While Constantius was away from the eastern frontier in early 337, Shapur assembled a large army, including war elephants, and launched an attack on Roman territory, laying waste to Mesopotamia and putting Nisibis under siege.

It is possible that Flavius Constantius, the governor of Dalmatia and Diocletian's associate in the household guard, had already defected to Diocletian in the early spring.

Constantius, enraged, began preparations for a military conflict with the eastern empire but before he could commence the planned intervention, he died early in 422.

Though his early reception in the city seems to have been lukewarm, Procopius won favor quickly by using propaganda to his advantage: he sealed off the city to outside reports and began spreading rumors that Valentinian had died ; he began minting coinage flaunting his connections to the Constantinian dynasty ; and he further exploited dynastic claims by using the widow and daughter of Constantius II to act as showpieces for his regime.

The first book sketches briefly the history of the early Roman emperors from Augustus to Diocletian ( 305 ); the second, third and fourth deal more fully with the period from the accession of Constantius Chlorus and Galerius to the death of Theodosius I ; the fifth and sixth, the most useful for historians, cover the period between 395 and 410, when Priscus Attalus was deposed ; for this period, he is the most important surviving non-ecclesiastical source.

According to Ammianus Marcellinus, Paulus was condemned to death by the Frank Arbitio at the Chalcedon tribunal under Constantius ' successor, Julian the Apostate, in late 361, or early 362.

Built on the basic structures of the early Christian basilica put up by orders of Constantius III between the 4th and 5th century, it has a façade with traces of the transformation from Romanesque to Gothic.

Constantius II depicted in the Chronography of 354 dispensing largesse ( a Renaissance copy of a Carolingian copy ).

He was summoned to Constantius ' court in Mediolanum ( Milan ) in 354 and kept there for a year ; in the summer and fall of 355, he was permitted to study in Athens.

When Pope Liberius was banished by Emperor Constantius II to Berea in 354, Damasus was archdeacon of the Roman church and followed Liberius into exile, though he immediately returned to Rome.

* Constantius Gallus, Caesar and son of Julius Constantius ( d. 354 )

Its later name, originally Constantia, comes either from the Roman emperor Constantius Chlorus, who fought the Alemanni in the region and built a strong fortress around 300 AD, or from his grandson Constantius II, who visited the region in 354.

* 354 – Constantius Gallus is put to death.

325 / 326 – 354 ), commonly known as Constantius Gallus, was a member of the Constantinian dynasty and Caesar of the Roman Empire ( 351 – 354 ).

Constantius Gallus in a later copy of the Chronography of 354

* Constantius Gallus ( c. 325 – 354 ), member of the Constantinian dynasty and Caesar of the Roman Empire ( 351 – 354 ); consul from 352 to 354

In 354 AD the Roman Emperor, Constantius II stationed the Roman 7th Army in Chalon ( then called Cabyllona ) for an invasion against the brother kings, Gundomad and Vadomar of the Alamanni.

In 354, Pope Liberius asked Eusebius to join Bishop Lucifer of Cagliari in carrying a request to the Emperor Constantius II at Milan, pleading for the emperor to convoke a council to end the dissentions over the status of Athanasius of Alexandria and the matter of Arianism.

Portrait of Constantius II, dispensing largesse, from the Chronography of 354, 354

The portrait of the Caesar Constantius Gallus in the Chronography of 354 shows several figurative panels on his clothes, mostly round or oval ( see gallery ).

Image: Chronography 354 gallus caesar. png | The Caesar Constantius Gallus in a later copy of the Chronography of 354, with one of the best surviving indications of what the pictures on clothes described by Asterius looked like.