Critics have also argued that, as the Austrian business cycle theory points to the actions of fractional-reserve banks and central banks to explain the business cycles, it fails to explain the severity of business cycles before the establishment of the Federal Reserve in 1913.

Critics argued that Whorf's ideas were untestable and poorly formulated and that they were based on badly analyzed or misunderstood data.

Critics have argued that the term " hate speech " is a modern example of Newspeak, used to silence critics of social policies that have been poorly implemented in a rush to appear politically correct.

Critics of Reagan's efforts questioned their purpose and argued that the program did not go far enough in addressing many social issues, including unemployment, poverty, and family dissolution ; Nancy's approach to promoting drug awareness was labeled as simplistic by liberal critics.

Critics have argued that this would impede nuclear disarmament and possibly stimulate a nuclear arms race.

" Critics of modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism themselves were subjective, and pointed out anachronisms in modern thought and questioned the benefits of its philosophy.

Critics, including practitioners in the physical sciences and social activists, have argued that such definition and quantification is impossibly difficult, and that such measurements are often misused, such as with psychometric personality tests used in employment procedures:

Critics argued that it was a result of pressure from gay activists, and demanded a referendum among voting members of the Association.

Critics have argued that if the test subjects are unable to count for some other reason ( perhaps because they are nomadic hunter / gatherers with nothing to count and hence no need to practise doing so ) then one should not expect their language to have words for such numbers.

Critics and traditionalists have argued that attempts to make soul food healthier also make it less tasty, and even less culturally / ethnically authentic ( i. e., " less Black ").

Critics since the 18th century have argued that slavery tends to retard technological advancement, since the focus is on increasing the number of slaves doing simple tasks rather than upgrading the efficiency of labour.

Critics argued that the ministry imposed too many principles and guidelines for young writers in the workshop, such as, asking them to avoid metaphors in their poetry and advising them to write about events in their everyday life.

Critics have argued that the US state of Utah is a theocracy.

Critics argued that Stein was killed because she was Jewish by birth, rather than for her later Christian faith, and that, in the words of Daniel Polish, it seemed to " carry the tacit message encouraging conversionary activities " because " official discussion of the beatification seemed to make a point of conjoining Stein's Catholic faith with her death with ' fellow Jews ' in Auschwitz ".

Critics further argued that it could trigger a new arms race, this time to develop countermeasures for SDI.

Critics of Derrida have argued that he minimizes the antisemitic character of de Man's writing.

Critics have argued about the meaning of the Induction for many years, and according to Oliver, " it has become orthodoxy to claim to find in the Induction the same ' theme ' as is to be found in both the Bianca and the Katherine-Petruchio plots of the main play, and to take it for granted that identity of theme is a merit and ' justifies ' the introduction of Sly.

Critics have argued that few of Garbo's twenty-four Hollywood films are artistically exceptional, and that many are simply bad.

Critics of the British mixed economy, including Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich von Hayek, argued that what is called a mixed economy is a move toward socialism and increasing the influence of the state.

Critics argued the SEC did not take adequate steps to regulate and monitor this activity.

Critics of the policy of economic liberalization pursued during the Menem Presidency argued that Argentina's economic woes were caused by neoliberalism, which had been actively promoted by the U. S. government and the IMF under the Washington Consensus.

Critics have argued that the trial was extremely unfair:

Critics of cognitive linguistics have argued that most of the evidence from the cognitive view comes from the research in pragmatics and semantics on research into metaphor and preposition choice.

Critics have argued that the convention and APGC77 Art.

Critics of capitalism including socialists and other anti-capitalists often assert that crony capitalism is the inevitable result of any capitalist system.

Critics of planned economies argue that planners cannot detect consumer preferences, shortages, and surpluses with sufficient accuracy and therefore cannot efficiently co-ordinate production ( in a market economy, a free price system is intended to serve this purpose ).

Critics such as Emile Zola complained that it never overcame the corruption of the political system, but rather contributed to it.

Critics of the Meinhof's approach notice that his numbering system of nominal classes counts singular and plural numbers of the same noun as belonging to separate classes.

Critics of this viewpoint became louder as Japan slid into a sustained deflationary spiral and the collapse of the savings-and-loan banking system in the United States pointed to larger structural changes in the economy.

Critics argue that his rejection of mechanisation is not justifiable for modern agricultural production and that the system cannot interact effectively with conventional agricultural systems.

Critics of the Eisenhower NSC system have argued that it was inflexible, overstaffed, unable to anticipate and react to immediate crises, and weighed down by committees reporting in great detail on long checklists of minor policy concerns.

Critics have pointed out that a consistent phonemically based system would be impractical: for example, phoneme distribution differs between British English and American English ; furthermore, while English Received Pronunciation features about 20 vowels, some second language varieties of English have 10 or even fewer.

Critics of the system argue that this " agreed election " called into question the need for a supposedly non-political office where only politicians can nominate a candidate, with few powers, that is detached from the people, and to which elections take place only every 14 years.

" Critics of Juche charge that the " Juche dating system ", as it is based on a person's birth date rather than a political era, reflects a dynastic tradition where era names are specified for ruling Emperors of Japan and China, as well as the Korean Emperors, who also used this system.

Critics of this system say that it is the long, drawn out camping sessions that have helped build such a strong community in games like EverQuest.

Critics consider this one of the most difficult Dizzy games as the energy bar system of later titles was not yet implemented and Dizzy is provided with only one life — contrasting with five in the first game and three in Fantasy World Dizzy, the immediate sequel, and most subsequent titles.

Critics of the new system noted that this and other measures seemed to have negligible impact on reformation.

Critics of the McCune – Reischauer system claim that casual users of the system omit the breves ( ˘ ) over the o for 어 and the u for 으, because typing o or u without the breves is often easier than adding them.

Critics of the revised system claim it fails to represent 어 and 으 in an easily recognizable way, and that it misrepresents the unaspirated consonants as they are actually pronounced.

Critics of this system point out that this leads to corruption by school inspectors who check compliance and to fewer schools in a country that has the largest adult illiterate population in the world.

Critics of the system of inspection claim that the short amount of time in which HMI get to see the school does not accurately represent the day-to-day activities and can give a biased view.

Critics suggest that his reforms to the judicial system undermine centuries of British legal precedent dating back to the 1215 Magna Carta, particularly the right to a fair trial and trial by jury.

Critics of the prevailing system of fiat money argue that fiat money is the root cause of the continuum of economic crises, since it leads to the dominance of fraud, corruption, and manipulation precisely because it does not satisfy the criteria for a medium of exchange cited above.

Critics of retention also note that retention has hard financial costs for school systems: requiring a student to repeat a grade is essentially to add one student for a year to the school system, assuming that the student does not drop out.

Critics of electronic voting, including security analyst Bruce Schneier, note that " computer security experts are unanimous on what to do ( some voting experts disagree, but it is the computer security experts who need to be listened to ; the problems here are with the computer, not with the fact that the computer is being used in a voting application )... DRE machines must have a voter-verifiable paper audit trails ... Software used on DRE machines must be open to public scrutiny " to ensure the accuracy of the voting system.

Critics sometimes refer to LIEO as the Washington Consensus, which implies that this system works mostly in the favor of the United States at the expense of smaller countries.