In the following few years, Latreille was especially productive, producing important papers for the, all of the volume on arthropods for George Cuvier's (" The animal kingdom "), and hundreds of entries in the on entomological subjects.

The science became established in the 18th century as a result of Georges Cuvier's work on comparative anatomy, and developed rapidly in the 19th century.

Cuvier's 1799 paper on living and fossil elephants helped establish the reality of extinction.

* Georges Cuvier, " Lecture Ninth-Theophrastus " in Baron Cuvier's Lectures on the Natural Sciences, Edinburgh new philosophical journal, ( 1830 ), Volume 18, pages 76 – 83

This illustration of an Indian Elephant | Indian elephant jaw and a mammoth jaw was included in 1799 when Cuvier's 1796 paper on living and fossil elephants was printed.

Cuvier's researches on fish, begun in 1801, finally culminated in the publication of the Histoire naturelle des poissons, which contained descriptions of 5000 species of fishes, and was the joint production of Cuvier and Achille Valenciennes.

Cuvier's work on this project extended over the years 1828 – 1831.

* History of paleontology for more on the impact of Cuvier's scientific ideas

Cuvier's explanation relied solely on scientific evidence rather than biblical interpretation.

" In 1830 he became Cuvier's substitute as lecturer on human anatomy at the Jardin du Roi, and in 1832 was elected to the post of titular professor, which he vacated for the professorship of comparative anatomy created for him at the museum of the Jardin the same year.

Cuvier's beaked whale feeds on several species of squid, including those in the families Cranchiidae, Onychoteuthidae, Brachioteuthidae, Enoploteuthidae, Octopoteuthidae and Histioteuthidae ; they also prey on deep-sea fish.

Cuvier's beaked whale is covered by the Agreement on the Conservation of Small Cetaceans of the Baltic, North East Atlantic, Irish and North Seas ( ASCOBANS ) and the Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans in the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area ( ACCOBAMS ).

* Cuvier's beaked whale found on a beach on Mull, West Scotland ( BBC )

* Cuvier's beaked whale skull found on the west coast of the peloponnese, text in Greek

Blyth edited the section on ' Mammalia, Birds, and Reptiles ' in the English edition of Cuvier's Animal Kingdom published in 1840, inserting many observations, corrections, and references of his own.

His last work was a translation of Cuvier's Recherches sur les ossements fossiles de quadrupedes, which was published after Kerr's death under the title " Essays on the Theory of the Earth ".

The fossil had already become part of Cuvier's first speculations on the possibility of animal species going extinct.

He began by cataloguing insects, and published an Entomology of Australia ( 1833 ) and contributed the entomogical section to an English edition of Georges Cuvier's Animal Kingdom.

Baird's and Cuvier's beaked whales were subject to commercial exploitation, off the coast of Japan, while the Northern bottlenose whale was extensively hunted in the northern part of the North Atlantic late in the 19th and early in the 20th centuries.

Cuvier's early work demonstrated conclusively that this was not the case.

By contrast in England, where natural theology was very influential during the early nineteenth century, a group of geologists that included William Buckland and Robert Jameson would interpret Cuvier's work in a very different way.

Cuvier's beaked whale ( Ziphius cavirostris ) is the most widely distributed of all the beaked whales.

The ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, and pterosaur she found, along with the first dinosaur fossils which were discovered by Gideon Mantell and William Buckland during the same period, showed that during previous eras the earth was inhabited by creatures very different from those living today, and provided important support for another controversial suggestion of Cuvier's: that there had been an " age of reptiles " when reptiles rather than mammals had been the dominant form of animal life.

Cuvier's analysis established, for the first time, the fact that African and Indian elephants were different species and that mammoths were not the same species as either African or Indian elephants and therefore must be extinct.

Cuvier's point was that all human fossils that he knew of were of relatively recent age because they 1 ) had not been petrified and 2 ) had been found only in superficial strata.

After Cuvier's death the catastrophic school of geological thought lost ground to uniformitarianism, as championed by Charles Lyell and others, which claimed that the geological features of the earth were best explained by currently observable forces, such as erosion and volcanism, acting gradually over an extended period of time.

The results of Cuvier's principal palaeontological and geological investigations were ultimately given to the world in the form of two separate works: Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles de quadrupèdes ( Paris, 1812 ; later editions in 1821 and 1825 ); and Discours sur les revolutions de la surface du globe ( Paris, 1825 ).

The harshness of his criticism and the strength of his reputation continued to discourage naturalists from speculating about the gradual transmutation of species, right up until Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species more than two decades after Cuvier's death.

Ichthyosaurus and Plesiosaurus from the 1834 Czech edition of Georges Cuvier | Cuvier's Discours sur les revolutions de la surface du globe.

* Cuvier's History of the Natural Sciences: twenty-four lessons from Antiquity to the Renaissance and annotated by Theodore W. Pietsch, translated by Abby S. Simpson, foreword by Philippe Taquet, Paris: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d ' Histoire naturelle, 2012, 734 p. ( coll.

Japanese whalers in the past opportunistically caught Cuvier's, taking between 3 and 35 each year ( before 1955 ).

Candolle, with Cuvier's approval, acted as deputy at the Collège de France in 1802.

Examples include the Barbary Macaque, the Atlas Bear ( Africa's only species of bear ; now extinct ), the Barbary Leopard, the Barbary stag, Barbary Sheep, the Barbary Lion ( extinct in the wild ), the Atlas Mountain Badger, the North African Elephant ( extinct ), the African Aurochs ( extinct ), Cuvier's Gazelle, the Northern Bald Ibis, Dippers, the Atlas mountain viper, the Atlas Cedar, the European Black Pine, and the Algerian Oak.

Cuvier is commemorated in the naming of several animals ; they include Cuvier's beaked whale ( which he first thought to be extinct ), Cuvier's Gazelle, Cuvier's toucan, Cuvier's Bichir, Galeocerdo cuvier ( tiger shark ), and Anolis cuvieri, a lizard from Puerto Rico.

The smallest species of crocodilian is the Cuvier's Dwarf Caiman < http :// www. flmnh. ufl. edu / cnhc / csp_ppal. htm ></ ref > and the largest is the Saltwater Crocodile .< ref >< http :// www. flmnh. ufl. edu / cnhc / csp_cpor. htm ></ ref > The basic crocodilian body plan is a very successful one ; modern species closely resemble their Cretaceous ancestors of 84 million years ago.

They also greatly enhanced Cuvier's personal reputation, and they essentially ended what had been a long running debate about the reality of extinction.

Most importantly, it is one of the few places where the beaked whales, such as the Cuvier's beaked whale, have been observed relatively frequently.

Eventually, Buckland would abandon flood geology in favor of the glaciation theory advocated by Louis Agassiz, who had briefly been one of Cuvier's students.

One of Cuvier's pupils, Friedrich Tiedemann, was one the first persons to make a scientific contestation of racism.

The Cuvier's beaked whale is difficult to distinguish from many of the mesoplodont whales at sea.

The Senegal Bichir, Polypterus senegalus, also known as the Gray Bichir and Cuvier's Bichir, is sometimes called the " dinosaur eel " and also known as " Dragon fish " at many local pet chains-a misnomer, as the creature is not an eel.