# REDIRECT Brian De Palma

Brian Russell De Palma ( born September 11, 1940 ) is an American film director and writer.

Throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, De Palma worked repeatedly with actors Jennifer Salt, Amy Irving, Nancy Allen ( his wife from 1979 to 1983 ), Gary Sinise, John Lithgow, William Finley, Charles Durning, Gerrit Graham, cinematographers Stephen H. Burum and Vilmos Zsigmond ( see List of noted film director and cinematographer collaborations ), set designer Jack Fisk, and composers Bernard Herrmann, John Williams and Pino Donaggio.

De Palma is credited with fostering the careers of or outright discovering Robert De Niro, Jill Clayburgh, John C. Reilly, John Leguizamo, Andy Garcia and Margot Kidder.

De Palma, whose background is Italian Roman Catholic, was born in Newark, New Jersey, the son of Vivienne ( née Muti ) and Anthony Federico De Palma, an orthopedic surgeon.

Enrolled at Columbia as a physics student, De Palma became enraptured with the filmmaking process after viewing Citizen Kane and Vertigo.

De Palma subsequently enrolled at the newly coed Sarah Lawrence College as a graduate student in their theater department in the early 1960s, becoming one of the first male students among a female population.

Once there, influences as various as drama teacher Wilford Leach, the Maysles brothers, Michelangelo Antonioni, Jean-Luc Godard, Andy Warhol and Alfred Hitchcock impressed upon De Palma the many styles and themes that would shape his own cinema in the coming decades.

De Palma followed this with various small films for the NAACP and The Treasury Department.

During the 1960s, De Palma began making a living producing documentary films, notably The Responsive Eye, a 1966 movie about The Responsive Eye op-art exhibit curated by William Seitz for Museum of Modern Art in 1965.

In an interview with Gelmis from 1969, De Palma described the film as " very good and very successful.

The film records The Performance Group's performance of Euripides ’ The Bacchae, starring, amongst others, De Palma regular William Finley.

De Palma recalls that he was “ floored ” by this performance upon first sight, and in 1973 recounts how he " began to try and figure out a way to capture it on film.

After the success of his 1968 breakthrough, De Palma and his producing partner ( Charles Hirsch ) were given the opportunity by Sigma 3 to make an unofficial sequel of sorts, initially entitled Son of Greetings, and subsequently released as Hi, Mom !.

It is precisely from this crudity that the film itself gains a credibility of “ realism .” In an interview with Michael Bliss, De Palma notes “ Black, Baby was rehearsed for almost three weeks ...

In the 1970s, De Palma went to Hollywood where he worked on bigger budget films.

In 1970, De Palma left New York for Hollywood at age thirty to make Get To Know Your Rabbit, starring Orson Welles and Tommy Smothers.

Making the film was a crushing experience for De Palma as Tommy Smothers didn't like a lot of De Palma's ideas.

After several small, studio and independent released films that included stand-outs Sisters, Phantom Of The Paradise, and Obsession, a small film based on a novel called Carrie was released directed by Brian De Palma.

A 16th century book by Georg Agricola called De re metallica describes the highly developed and complex processes of mining metal ores, metal extraction and metallurgy of the time.

He describes the proper training of the orator in his major text on rhetoric, De Oratore, modeled on Plato's dialogues.

Although he describes places throughout De Architectura, he does not say he was present.

* William Gilbert publishes De Magnete, which describes the Earth's magnetic field and is the beginning of modern Geomagnetism.

* Pedanius Dioscorides describes the medical applications of plants in De Materia Medica.

The Chinese Nanhai De Xing Leather Shoes Habiliment Co., Ltd .' s online store describes the color of a model of man's leather boots as " nigger-brown ".

The 2nd century writer Lucian gave an account of the Greek Deucalion in De Dea Syria that seems to refer more to the Near Eastern flood legends: in his version, Deucalion ( whom he also calls Sisythus ) took his children, their wives, and pairs of animals with him on the ark, and later built a great temple in Manbij ( northern Syria ), on the site of the chasm that received all the waters ; he further describes how pilgrims brought vessels of sea water to this place twice a year, from as far as Arabia and Mesopotamia, to commemorate this event.

De la Peña describes the disposal of the dead and wounded as an ongoing process that took some time.

The experiences which del Valle gained as an observer led him to author the book " Roman Eagles Over Ethiopia " where he describes the events leading up to the Italian expedition and the complete movements of combat operations by the Italian Army under Generals De Bono, Badoglio, and Graziani.

Plutarch in his work De mulierum virtutibus (" On the Virtues of Women ") describes how the tyrant of Cyrene, Nicocrates, was deposed by his wife Aretaphila of Cyrene around the year 50 BC

He invented a new hoisting machine for raising the masonry needed for the dome, a task no doubt inspired by republication of Vitruvius ' De Architectura, which describes Roman machines used in the first century AD to build large structures such as the Pantheon and the Baths of Diocletian, structures still standing which he would have seen for himself.

The De schismate libri III, completed on May 25, 1410, describes the history of events since 1376 as Niem himself had seen them.

The De Administrando Imperio describes his realm: the shores of the Adriatic Sea, the Sava river and the Morava valley as well as today's northern Albania.

Its origins are nevertheless unclear: In De re rustica, Columella describes a grape variety similar to Pinot noir in Burgundy during the 1st century AD, however, vines have grown wild as far north as Belgium in the days before phylloxera, and it is possible that Pinot represents a direct domestication of ( hermaphrodite-flowered ) Vitis sylvestris.

In chapter 15 of his 8th-century work De temporum ratione, Bede describes the indigenous month names of the English people.

In Book VI of De architectura, Vitruvius describes Aristippus:

De Administrando Imperio describes how Byzantine Emperor Heraclius ( r. 610-641 ) gave the Serbs a territory in the Western Balkans during the first half of the 7th century.

Animator Pierre De Celles said in an interview that neither he nor the rest of the staff working on Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog knew about or competed with the other series, which he describes as " serious and heavy "; he also described the staff as too busy to pay attention to the other series.

Vitruvius describes their construction and operation in his work De architectura in about 15 BC, adding details about how fuel could be conserved by designing the hot room or caldarium for men and women to be built next to one another, adjacent to the tepidarium so as to run the public baths efficiently.

The Dream of Scipio ( Latin, Somnium Scipionis ), written by Cicero, is the sixth book of De re publica, and describes a fictional dream vision of the Roman general Scipio Aemilianus, set two years before he commanded at the destruction of Carthage in 146 BCE.

Pseudo-Aristotle in De mirabilibus auscultationibus describes orichalcum as a shining metal obtained during the smelting of copper with the addition of " calmia ", a kind of earth formerly found on the shores of the Black Sea.

De Sade ( as did the later writer Sacher-Masoch ) lent his name to the sexual acts which he describes in his work.

The De Administrando Imperio (" Administration of the Empire "), by Emperor Constantine VII ( r. 913 – 959 ), describes the lands of Croatia and the Serbs as župa.

* William Harvey describes organ formation in the developing embryo in De Generatione.