The largest segmental script is probably an abugida, Devanagari.

When written in Devanagari, Vedic Sanskrit has an alphabet of 53 letters, including the visarga mark for final aspiration and special letters for kš and jñ, though one of the letters is theoretical and not actually used.

This is not to be confused with what the Arabs call the " Hindi numerals ", namely the Eastern Arabic numerals (---------) used in the Middle East, or any of the numerals currently used in Indian languages ( e. g. Devanagari: ).

Devanagari (; ; Devanāgarī — compound of " deva " () and " nāgarī " () ), also called Nagari ( Nāgarī,, the name of its parent writing system ), is an abugida alphabet of India and Nepal.

An early version of Devanagari is visible in the Kutila inscription of Bareilly dated to Vikram Samvat 1049 ( i. e. 992 CE ), which demonstrates the emergence of the horizontal bar to group letters belonging to a word.

Below is a list of the Indian numerals in their modern Devanagari form, the corresponding European ( Indo-Arabic ) equivalents, their Sanskrit pronunciation, and translations in some languages.

Most of the modern scripts of South India have evolved from this script, with the exception of Vatteluttu, the exact origins of which are unknown, and Nandinagari, which is a variant of Devanagari that developed due to later Northern influence.

In the local Indian language, these crystals were called khanda ( Devanagari: खण ् ड ,) which is the source of the word candy.

Vesākha ( Pali ;, Devanagari: व ै श ा ख, Sinhala: ව ෙ සක ් ප ෝ ය ) or Vesak is a holy day observed traditionally by Buddhists in Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and the South East Asian countries of Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Burma, the Philippines, and Indonesia.

Vajrayana ( Devanagari: वज ् रय ा न ; Oriya: ବଜ ୍ ରଯ ା ନ, Tibetan: ར ྡོ་ ར ྗེ་ ཐ ེ ག ་ པ ་, rdo rje theg pa ; Mongolian: Очирт хөлгөн, Ochirt Hölgön, Chinese: 密宗, mì zōng ) is also known as Tantric Buddhism, Tantrayāna, Mantrayāna, Secret Mantra, Esoteric Buddhism and the Diamond Vehicle.

Nepali is commonly written in the Devanagari script, as are Hindi and Sanskrit.

Shatranj ( Devanagari:, Middle Persian: ) is an old form of chess, which came to the Western world from India.

Hindutva ( Devanagari: ह ि न ् द ु त ् व, " Hinduness ", a word coined by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in his 1923 pamphlet entitled Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?

In Hindu ( Vedic ) tradition, Shesha ( in IAST transliteration, Devanagari: श े ष ) or Sheshanaag ( Shesha the Naga ) ( in IAST transliteration, Devanagari: श े षन ा ग ) or Adishesha ( in IAST transliteration, Devanagari: आद ि श े ष ) is the king of all nagas, one of the primal beings of creation, and according to the Bhagavata Purana, an Avatar of the Supreme God known as Narayana.

( Devanagari: ) is a Rigvedic God, associated with wind or storm, and the hunt.

Vamana ( Devanagari: व ा मन, IAST: Vāmana ) is described in the Puranic texts of Hinduism as the Fifth Avatar of Vishnu, and the first incarnation of the Second Age, or the Treta yuga.

Sri ( Devanagari: श ् र ी, IAST ; Śrī ), also transliterated as Shri or Shree or shre is a word of Sanskrit origin, used in the Indian subcontinent as polite form of address equivalent to the English " Mr ." in written and spoken language, or as a title of veneration for deities ( usually translated as " Holy ").

In Hindu itihasa or more commonly known as Hindu history, Vasudeva ( Devanagari, IAST ) is the father of Krishna, the son of Shoorsen, of the Yadu and Vrishni dynasties.

Radha ( Devanagari: र ा ध ा, IAST: Rādhā ), also called Radhika, Radharani and Radhikarani, is the childhood friend and lover of Krishna in the Brahma Vaivarta Purana, and the Gita Govinda of the Vaisnava traditions of Hinduism.

In Hinduism, Kalki ( Devanagari: कल ् क ि) is the tenth and final Maha Avatar ( great incarnation ) of Vishnu who will bring to an end the present age of darkness and destruction known as Kali Yuga.

In Hinduism, an avatar (; ; from Sanskrit अवत ा र in the Devanagari script, meaning " descent ") is a deliberate descent of a deity to earth, or a descent of the Supreme Being ( i. e., Vishnu for Vaishnavites ) and is mostly translated into English as " incarnation ," but more accurately as " appearance " or " manifestation ".

In Hinduism, a murti ( Devanagari: म ू र ् त ि), or murthi, or vigraha or pratima typically refers to an image that expresses a Divine Spirit ( murta ).

Evans used features of Devanagari script and Pitman shorthand to create his initial abugida.

For example, in Devanagari, an abugida, the same characters for ' ke ', ' ka ' and ' ko ' are क े, क ा and क ो respectively, with क indicating their common " k " sound.

The inherent vowel in the Devanagari script, an abugida used to write Hindi, Marathi, Nepali, and Sanskrit is a schwa, written अ in isolation or to begin a word.

In India, Rajasthani is written in the Devanagari script, an abugida which is written from left to right.

* The Devanagari numerals used with Devanagari and related variants are grouped as Indian numerals.

Hebrew and Arabic also indicate consonant doubling and change with diacritics ; Hebrew and Devanagari use them for foreign sounds.

Sanskrit and other languages written in the Devanagari script, along with many other languages using alphabetic or syllabic scripts, do not distinguish upper and lower case and do not mark proper names systematically.

In the Devanagari script, anusvara is represented with a dot ( bindu ) above the letter (< big > म ं</ big >).

The actual award is designed in the shape of a peepul leaf and carries with the words " Bharat Ratna ", inscribed in Devanagari script.

The original specifications for the award called for a circular gold medal, 35 mm in diameter, with the sun and the legend " Bharat Ratna " ( in Devanagari ) above and a floral wreath below.

Yājñavalkya ( Devanagari: य ा ज ् ञवल ् क ् य ) of Mithila was a legendary sage of Vedic India, credited with the authorship of the Shatapatha Brahmana ( including the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad ), besides the Yoga Yajnavalkya and the Yājñavalkya Smṛti.

Dhol ( Devanagari: ढ ो ल,, Urdu:, ) can refer to any one of a number of similar types of double-headed drum widely used, with regional variations, throughout the Indian subcontinent.

However, today, it is written in Devanagari script and Perso-Arabic script ( with some modifications ).

However, today, the Kashmiri Perso-Arabic script has come to be associated with Kashmiri Muslims, while the Kashmiri Devanagari script, has come to be associated with the Kashmiri Hindu community, who employ the latter script.

* A Desertful of Roses The Divan-e Ghalib-in Urdu, with Devanagari and Roman transliterations.

Marwari is generally written in the Devanagari script, although the Mahajani script is traditionally associated with the language.

The Indian rupee symbol ( officially adopted in 2010 ) is derived from the Devanagari consonant " र " ( Ra ) with an added horizontal bar.

The League rejected the Committee report ( the Nehru Report ), arguing that it gave too little representation ( only one quarter ) to Muslims, established Devanagari as the official language of the colony, and demanded that India turn into a de facto unitary state, with residuary powers resting at the center – the League had demanded at least one-third representation in the legislature and sizable autonomy for the Muslim provinces.

The code sets for Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, and Telugu are similar, with each Devanagari form replaced by the equivalent form in each writing system.

The sign inventory of IAST ( both small and capital letters ) shown with Devanāgarī equivalents and phonetic values in IPA, is as follows ( valid for Sanskrit ; for Hindi and other modern languages that use Devanagari script, some phonological changes have occurred ):

The traditional Devanagari alphabet is still used in India and Nepal to write Hindi and Nepalese respectively, but in Sylhet it has been tampered with in early nineteenth century to reduce the number of vowels and consonants, and eradicated all compound letters, to make it simple for the common folks.

Sakām sādhanā ( Devanagari सक ा म, sa = yes / with, kām = desire ) is spiritual practice done for worldly pleasures.