Direct reciprocity and cooperation in a group can be increased by changing the focus and incentives from intra-group competition to larger scale competitions such as between groups or against the general population.

Direct contempt is distinctly different from indirect contempt, wherein another individual may file papers alleging contempt against a person who has willfully violated a lawful court order.

* 1946 – Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, a Socialist, calls for a Direct Action Day against the Portuguese in Goa.

A brief analysis of Reverse Polish Notation against Direct Algebraic Logic – By James Redin

The first mainstream direct democracy party to be registered with any country's electoral commission against each country's register is the UK's People's Administration Direct Democracy party.

# Direct subsidies: Government subsidies ( in the form of lump-sum payments or cheap loans ) are sometimes given to local firms that cannot compete well against imports.

A brief analysis of Reverse Polish Notation against Direct Algebraic Logic

In particular, they provided Joint Direct Attack Munitions ( JDAMs ) against Taliban and al Qaeda positions, the only Air Force fighter unit in the theater to do so.

* A Direct Answer unto the scandalous Exceptions which T. Higgons hath lately objected against D. Morton against his “ Apologia Catholica ”.

In 2002, Texas deregulated the electricity market and Reliant then competed against other energy companies like Direct Energy and TXU Energy.

These compete against satellite companies Bell TV and Shaw Direct ; IPTV services, such as those provided by Telus in their service area ; and microwave services.

In 2002, the state of Texas deregulated the Texas electric market, and TXU lost its monopoly on retail electric sales in northern Texas ; TXU now competes statewide against other energy companies like Dynowatt, Texas Power, Reliant Energy, Bounce Energy, Direct Energy, Stream Energy, Gexa Energy, Green Mountain Energy, Cirro Energy, and Commerce Energy.

The first mainstream direct democracy party to be registered with any country's electoral commission against each country's register is the UK's People's Administration Direct Democracy party.

In June 2004, the Weather Network took legal action against Star Choice ( Now Shaw Direct ) after moving TWN on a new bundle without giving any notice to its subscribers.

The idea of a mass civil disobedience campaign against nuclear weapons emerged early in 1960 in discussions between Ralph Schoenman ( an activist in the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament ( CND )), and Hugh Brock, April Carter ( both of the Direct Action Committee against nuclear war ), Ralph Miliband, Alan Lovell and Stuart Hall.

He made his return for Aston Villa against Newcastle United putting in a Man of the Match performance in a 1-1 draw at the Sports Direct Arena He kept Villa's first clean sheet of the season in a 2-0 win against Swansea City and performed well enough to keep his position in the starting lineup.

Beresford wrote to Fitzwilliam on 22 June that his character had been unjustly attacked: " Direct and specific charges I could fairly have met and refuted, but crooked and undefined insinuations against private character, through the pretext of official discussion, your Lordship must allow, are the weapons of a libeller ".

In February 2012, Parks signed a 2 year contract with Galway based Pro 12 team Connacht Rugby, joining the club for the start of the 2012 / 2013 RaboDirect Pro12 campaign on a two year contract. Parks made his debut for Connacht Rugby in a Rabo Direct Pro 12 game against Irish rivals Leinster Rugby. Parks scored two conversions and a penalty all adding up to seven points.

Direct hits by the Walleye against the Thanh Hoa Bridge south of Hanoi in 1967 failed to take down even a single span of this notoriously strong structure.

On April 4, 2006, New York state Attorney General Elliot Spitzer filed suit against Direct Revenue in New York County Supreme Court, alleging that the company's software-distribution practices violated New York's General Business Law.

Cty., March 12, 2008 ), a New York trial court dismissed the attorney general's deceptive-and-illegal-business-practices case against Direct Revenue.

The first, the Retort Courteous ; the second, the Quip Modest ; the third, the Reply Churlish ; the fourth, the Reproof Valiant ; the fifth, the Countercheck Quarrelsome ; the sixth, the Lie with Circumstance ; the seventh, the Lie Direct '.

This reached a peak at the so-called ' Battle of Havant ', but from 1859 the new Portsmouth Direct Line was bought-out by the LSWR, providing the company with a second main line to the south coast.

Direct entry midshipmen continue their normal training and Australian Defence Force Academy ( ADFA ) entry midshipmen post to Canberra to study at the ADFA in their second year in the Navy.

* Characters per second is a measurement of the data transfer rate during a Direct Client-to-Client file transfer, like bytes per second

In 1887 a second railway opened, linking Chipping Norton to the Oxford and Rugby Railway at King's Sutton, and the CNR became part of the resulting Banbury and Cheltenham Direct Railway.

Initially six Class 57 / 0s ( the second batch ) were returned to Porterbrook, and leased to Direct Rail Services in July 2007.

When, in March 1972, Direct rule was instated, the practice did not cease altogether, and at the end of 1972 the European Commission of Human Rights accepted a second case on behalf of victims of the practice.

This savings account is Canada's second high-interest savings account with no fees and unlimited access ( ING Direct Canada was the first to offer such an account ) but Coast Capital Savings offers a lower rate than competitors such as ING Direct or ICICI Bank.

Functionality was the same ; the first Drive position, to left of the ' D equated to High on the Gear-Start Ultramatic, while the second, situated to the right of D ', was equivalent to the Drive position on the Gear-Start, giving the driver the option of starting in either High or Low with automatic upshifts, ending with Direct Drive engagement of the torque converter, thus the Twin-designation referred to this dual Drive capability.

There is a food court on the second floor, which was originally the second floor of a Woolworth store, as well as many retail stores featuring Spencer Gifts, Five Below, and a Dell Direct Store kiosk.

* DC Direct released a Composite Superman action figure in 2005, and a second one ( based on the Superman / Batman vengance 5 version ) in 2008.

In June, three consecutive wild cards granted her entry into the main draws of the DFS Classic, the Hastings Direct International and Wimbledon where she was beaten by Milagros Sequera in the second round ( having beaten Alona Bondarenko in the first ), Conchita Martínez in round one and Sabine Klaschka in the first round respectively.

* Direct linking is a form of bandwidth leeching that occurs when placing an unauthorized linked object, often an image, from one site in a web page belonging to a second site ( the leech ).

Live & Direct is the second album of the Belgium rap group Starflam.

Although the Marine Direct Air Support Center was at first reluctant to trust the sensors ( which in fact replaced ground patrolling ), they were soon convinced of their utility.

Direct engagements with the Nationalist army soon caused heavy casualties and loss of material and territory.

Direct examination is the questioning of a witness by the party who called him or her, in a trial.

Van Roost again beat her at The Hastings Direct International Championships in Eastbourne.

To commemorate the 10th anniversary of the graphic novel, in 1996, DC Direct released a limited edition statue of Robin aiming her slingshot with the guidance of Batman.

* Direct Action: Reflections on Armed Resistance and the Squamish Five, an audio CD recorded by Ann Hansen, presenting information from her book.

* Jikiden Reiki ( 直傳靈氣, meaning " The Direct Teaching Spiritual Energy ") is the name given to the original system that was taught by Dr. Hayashi, and was founded by Mrs. Yamaguchi and her son, Tadao Yamaguchi ( 山口 忠夫 ).

Williams lost her first match at the Direct Line International Championships in Eastbourne on grass before losing to eventual champion and World No. 3 Jana Novotná in the quarterfinals of Wimbledon.

In May 1910 she finished her paper, “ About the Direct Development of Platinum Paper for Brown Tones ”, describing her process to increase printing speed, improve clarity of highlights tones, and produce sepia tones.

Direct laryngoscopy is carried out ( usually ) with the patient lying on his or her back ; the laryngoscope is inserted into the mouth on the right side and flipped to the left to trap and move the tongue out of the line of sight, and, depending on the type of blade used, inserted either anterior or posterior to the epiglottis and then lifted with an upwards and forward motion (" away from you and towards the roof ").

# The procedure begins at the time a purchaser makes a purchase with his or her banking or debit card ; this is processed with the Interac Direct Payment service.

* Direct examination, the in-trial questioning of a witness by the party who has called him or her to testify

" Direct Action ", her 1912 essay in defense of direct action, is widely cited today.

Hansen wrote of her experiences in her 2002 book, Direct Action: Memoirs Of An Urban Guerrilla.

Green was elected Chair of the Board of Supporters Direct following her retirement from Co-operatives UK, and also elected President of the International Co-operative Alliance ( ICA ).

In aircraft carriers, the magazines are required to store not only the aircraft carrier's own defensive weapons, but all of the weapons for her warplanes, including rapid-fire gun ammunition, air-to-air missiles such as the Sidewinder missile, air-to-surface missiles such as the Maverick missile, Mk 46 ASW torpedoes, Joint Direct Attack Munitions, " dumb bombs ", HARM missiles, and antiship missiles such as the Harpoon missile and the Exocet missile.

In 2008, Kumalo became a new Tawana shareholder through a transaction with her investment company Pro Direct 189.

In June, Samantha Stosur beat her in the first round of the DFS Classic and Cara Black beat her in the final round of the qualifying tournament for the Hastings Direct International one week later.