The government led by Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, conferred the additional title upon her by an Act of Parliament, reputedly to assuage the monarch's irritation at being, as a mere Queen, notionally inferior to her own daughter ( Princess Victoria was the wife of the reigning German Emperor ); the Indian Imperial designation was also formally justified as the expression of Britain succeeding as paramount ruler of the subcontinent the former Mughal ' Padishah of Hind ', using indirect rule through hundreds of princely states formally under protection, not colonies, but accepting the British Sovereign as their suzerain.

Disraeli justified his ideas by his belief in an organic society in which the different classes have natural obligations to one another.

Two especially important figures in this period of British history are the prime ministers Gladstone and Disraeli, whose contrasting views changed the course of history.

; 1851: Correspondence between Lord Stanley, whose father became British Prime Minister the following year, and Benjamin Disraeli, who became Chancellor of the Exchequer alongside him, records Disraeli's proto-Zionist views: " He then unfolded a plan of restoring the nation to Palestine – said the country was admirably suited for them – the financiers all over Europe might help – the Porte is weak – the Turks / holders of property could be bought out – this, he said, was the object of his life ...." Coningsby was merely a feeler – my views were not fully developed at that time – since then all I have written has been for one purpose.

It was launched as a platform for the views of the British Conservative Party, its masthead incorporating a quotation of the former Conservative Prime Minister, Benjamin Disraeli:

In this feud, Disraeli was aided by his warm friendship with Queen Victoria, who came to detest Gladstone during the latter's first premiership in the 1870s.

Disraeli turned towards literature after his financial disaster, motivated in part by a desperate need for money, and brought out his first novel, Vivian Grey, in 1826.

Furthermore, John Murray believed that Disraeli had caricatured him and abused his confidence – an accusation denied at the time, and by the official biography, although subsequent biographers ( notably Blake ) have sided with Murray.

A Young Disraeli by Francis Grant ( artist ) | Sir Francis Grant, 1852

Though he initially stood for election, unsuccessfully, as a Radical, Disraeli was a Tory by the time he won a seat in the House of Commons in 1837 representing the constituency of Maidstone.

Although a Conservative, Disraeli was sympathetic to some of the demands of the Chartists and argued for an alliance between the landed aristocracy and the working class against the increasing power of the merchants and new industrialists in the middle class, helping to found the Young England group in 1842 to promote the view that the landed interests should use their power to protect the poor from exploitation by middle-class businessmen.

The end of 1845 and the first months of 1846 were dominated by a battle in parliament between the free traders and the protectionists over the repeal of the Corn Laws, with the latter rallying around Disraeli and Lord George Bentinck.

An alliance of pro free-trade Conservatives ( the " Peelites "), Radicals, and Whigs carried repeal, and the Conservative Party split: the Peelites moved towards the Whigs, while a " new " Conservative Party formed around the protectionists, led by Disraeli, Bentinck, and Lord Stanley ( later Lord Derby ).

" While Disraeli did not argue that the Jews did the Christians a favour by killing Christ, as he had in Tancred and would in Lord George Bentinck, his speech was badly received by his own party, which along with the Anglican establishment was hostile to the bill.

These negotiations were complicated by the sudden death of Lord George on 21 September 1848, but Disraeli obtained a loan of £ 25, 000 ( equivalent to about £ as of ) from Lord George's brothers Lord Henry Bentinck and Lord Titchfield.

At the start of the next session, affairs were handled by a triumvirate of Granby, Disraeli, and John Charles Herries – indicative of the tension between Disraeli and the rest of the party, who needed his talents but mistrusted the man.

More controversially, Disraeli also proposed to alter the workings of the income tax ( direct taxation ) by " differentiating "– i. e., different rates would be levied on different types of income.

Disraeli sought to alleviate this disadvantage by differentially raising income tax rates against non-farmers and lowering income taxes for the farmers.

Disraeli himself was succeeded as chancellor by Gladstone.

After engineering the defeat of a Liberal Reform Bill introduced by Gladstone in 1866, Disraeli and Derby introduced their own measure in 1867.

An initial attempt by Disraeli to negotiate with Cardinal Manning the establishment of a Roman Catholic university in Dublin foundered in March when Gladstone moved resolutions to disestablish the Irish Church altogether.

There is also a memorial to Disraeli in the chancel in the church, erected in his honour by Queen Victoria.

In the 1874 general election Gladstone was defeated by the Conservatives under Disraeli during a sharp economic recession.

Although nominally a Conservative, Disraeli was sympathetic to some of the demands of the Chartists and argued for an alliance between the landed aristocracy and the working class against the increasing power of the middle class, helping to found the Young England group in 1842 to promote the view that the rich should use their power to protect the poor from exploitation by the middle class.

However, the Gladstone Liberal government fell in 1874 before its entry into force, and the succeeding Disraeli Tory government suspended the entry into force of the Act by means of further Acts passed in 1874 and 1875.

Benjamin Disraeli and William Ewart Gladstone developed this new role further by projecting " images " of themselves to the public.

Disraeli spoke in favour of the measure, arguing that Christianity was " completed Judaism ," and asking of the House of Commons " Where is your Christianity if you do not believe in their Judaism?

Benjamin Disraeli and Lord George Bentinck emerged as the most forceful opponents of repeal in Parliamentary debates, arguing that repeal would weaken landowners socially and politically and therefore destroy the " territorial constitution " of Britain by empowering commercial interests.

This was based in the feudal concept of noblesse oblige, which asserted that the aristocracy had an obligation to be generous and honourable ; to Disraeli, this implied that government should be paternalistic.

Although the Treasury paid for the cost of repairs, as it had done in the past, Disraeli now insisted it should also bear the cost of furnishings at least in the public areas.

When it was proposed that the admirers and supporters of the paper should facilitate a reduction in its price by the payment of their subscription ten years in advance, not only did Edward Bulwer-Lytton volunteer his aid, but also Benjamin Disraeli, who was then flirting with radicalism.

Beresford's parliamentary career was saved by the intervention of the Prime Minister, Benjamin Disraeli, who feared the loss of the seat to an opposition party, should Beresford be forced to resign.

Before he became leader of the Conservative Party, Disraeli had announced that, as a result of the Reform Act of 1867 which had enfranchised the male working class, the party needed to pursue social reforms if it was to have electoral success.

He expressed the " One Nation Conservatism " in the tradition of Disraeli, which called for paternalism by the upper class toward the working class.

Conservative British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli sought to address social problems affecting the working class due to lack of assistance from the laissez-faire economy, and formed his one nation conservatism that claimed that lack of assistance for the lower classes had divided British society into two nations-the rich and the poor as the result of unrestrained private enterprise, he claimed that he sought to break down.

In this connection, Disraeli became involved with the financier J. D. Powles, one such booster.

It was Henrietta who introduced Disraeli to Lord Lyndhurst, with whom she later became romantically involved.

Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel passed over Disraeli when putting together his government in 1841 and Disraeli, hurt, gradually became a sharp critic of Peel's government, often deliberately adopting positions contrary to those of his nominal chief.

With Gladstone's refusal Derby and Disraeli looked elsewhere and settled on Disraeli's old friend Edward Bulwer-Lytton, who became Secretary of State for the Colonies ; Derby's son Lord Stanley, succeeded Ellenborough at the Board of Control.

Disraeli became overall Conservative leader during 1868, although, when Prime Minister, he did not attempt to reintroduce protectionism.

He became Foreign Secretary again under Benjamin Disraeli.

When Disraeli became an earl in 1876 he automatically lost his seat in the Commons but remained Prime Minister, leading his government from the House of Lords.

The Disraelis died without direct heirs and their titles became extinct ; Hughenden Manor passed to Lord Beaconsfield's nephew Coningsby Ralph Disraeli.

On the return of the Conservatives to power in 1874 he became Postmaster-General under Disraeli, and was made GCB on his retirement in 1880.

His son Benjamin Disraeli, who became the prime minister, lived there for part of his early life.

Under the 3rd Baron Holland and his wife, Lady Holland, the house became noted as a glittering social, literary and political centre with many celebrated visitors such as Byron, Thomas Macaulay, the poets Thomas Campbell and Samuel Rogers, ' Conversation ' Sharp, Benjamin Disraeli, Charles Dickens and Sir Walter Scott.

In February of the next year, before the Act came into force, Gladstone's Liberal Government fell ; the Conservative Benjamin Disraeli became Prime Minister.

He nonetheless continued to serve in the cabinet as Minister without Portfolio until February 1868, when Benjamin Disraeli became Prime Minister.

In 1868, Disraeli became Prime Minister having earlier been Chancellor of the Exchequer.

In 1884 Nathan Mayer Rothschild, 1st Baron Rothschild became the first Jewish member of the British House of Lords ; again Disraeli was already a member.

When the Conservative Party was re-elected to power in the United Kingdom in 1874 and Disraeli became the Prime Minister once again, Buckingham was appointed Governor of the Madras Presidency, British India.

Martin co-wrote one of Cream's most famous songs, " Tales of Brave Ulysses ", created the cover art for Cream's Disraeli Gears and Wheels of Fire albums, and in the 1970s, he became a champion of singer Tiny Tim, and of Sydney's embattled Luna Park.

The primrose was known as the " favourite flower " of Benjamin Disraeli, and so became associated with him.

Benjamin Disraeli became Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for the second time after Mr Gladstone's government was defeated in the general election of 1874.

Following the resignation of Lord George Bentinck from the leadership of the protectionists in the House of Commons at the beginning of 1848, Granby ( as he was then known ) became leader on 10 February 1848, as Benjamin Disraeli was unacceptable to Lord Derby, the overall leader of the party, and the majority of the rank and file.