< http :// www. britannica. com / EBchecked / topic / 467548 / Politburo >.</ ref > During the twentieth century, nations that had a politburo included the USSR, East Germany, Afghanistan, Czechoslovakia, and China, amongst others.

During Joseph Stalin's rule, the Politburo, and the Secretariat and Orgburo, lost its status as collective organs with de facto ruling capabilities.

During Lenin's illness, Kamenev was the acting Council of People's Commissars and Politburo chairman.

During a new period of intra-Party fighting between the July 1926 meeting of the Central Committee and the XVth Party Conference in October 1926, the Opposition was defeated and Kamenev lost his Politburo seat at the Conference.

During the 17th Party Congress Zeng departed from the Central Committee, its Politburo, and the Politburo Standing Committee.

During the same year he also became a member and a secretary of the Central Committee and rose from his previous staff position to full member of Orgburo ( predecessor of Politburo ).

During most of his term, Kirilenko was one of four who had both a seat in the Secretariat and Politburo ; the three others were Brezhnev, Suslov and Fyodor Kulakov.

During most of his term, Suslov was one of four people who had both a seat in the Secretariat and the Politburo ; the three others were Brezhnev, Andrei Kirilenko and Fyodor Kulakov.

During a Politburo meeting in March 1977, many members voiced support for Deng's return, to no avail.

During Konstantin Chernenko's short time in office as General Secretary in 1984 – 1985 Romanov already occupied a position clearly inferior to Gorbachev, who had been styled Second Secretary of the Central Committee since February 1984 and acted as chairman of the Politburo, Secretariat and Central Committee in the course of Chernenko's long periods of absence due to his illness.

During Soviet occupation, he served on the Politburo from 1946 to 1947 and held power in the new governments, as Minister without Portfolio ( 1944 ) and Minister of Justice ( 1944 – 1948 ).

During Bo's career he served as an alternate member and then member of the Chinese Politburo, deputy prime minister, chairman of State Economic Commission, and vice-chairman of the Central Advisory Commission of the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP ).

During the Second World War he acted as a liaison with the Free French in Cairo, played an unknown role in the Balkans, based in Bucharest, and was finally posted to Moscow, where he witnessed the victory celebrations of 1945, standing alongside the Soviet Politburo ( see ' Problems of Adjustment in the Middle East ' ( 1952 ), 61 ) and where he remained for the next four years.

During a visit of a delegation of Roman Catholic cardinals in Manhattan in January 2004, he said that “ a meeting like this doesn't signify in itself a breakthrough ”, and called for “ a theological dialogue that asks the tough questions, such as whether Catholicism allows for Jews to enter eternal paradise .”

During the first meeting between Weizmann and Balfour in 1906, Balfour asked what Weizmann's objections were to the idea of a Jewish homeland in Uganda, ( the Uganda Protectorate in East Africa in the British Uganda Programme ), rather than in Palestine.

During a UN mission in the northern part of the country in November 2006, the mission had a meeting with a prefect who said that he could not maintain law and order over the military and the presidential guards.

During a Council of Australian Governments meeting of 2007, model legislation to rework double jeopardy laws was drafted, but there was no formal agreement for each state to introduce it.

During the meeting, decisions on matters of politics and war were probably made, but they were made in secret.

During a subsequent meeting on May 15, the league approved a franchise to the Townsend-Seyburn group of Detroit and named Charles A. Hughes as governor.

During the meeting, high commanders of Pakistan Armed Forces unanimously recommended an armed and violent military action.

On February 20, 1895, Douglass attended a meeting of the National Council of Women in Washington, D. C. During that meeting, he was brought to the platform and given a standing ovation by the audience.

During the same Fortran Standards Committee meeting at which the name " FORTRAN 77 " was chosen, a technical proposal was incorporated into the official distribution, bearing the title, " Letter O considered harmful ".

During his first meeting with General Marshall, Capra was told his mission:

During Labor Day weekend in 1973, a meeting of about 12 military officers at the Pentagon discussed the creation of a Defense Navigation Satellite System ( DNSS ).

For example, one key meeting location was in the U. S. at the Dakin Building, then owned by American philanthropist Henry Dakin, who had extensive Russian contacts: During the late 1980s, as glasnost and perestroika led to the liquidation of the Soviet empire, the Dakin building was the location for a series of groups facilitating United States-Russian contacts.

During the meeting she told him that she needed full disclosure of any of the X-Men secrets.

During his visits, Ribbentrop met with Simon and Benito Mussolini, and asked them to postpone the next meeting of the Bureau of Disarmament, in exchange for which Ribbentrop offered nothing in return other than promising better relations with Berlin.

During the meeting, Ribbentrop suggested that Barthou meet Hitler at once to sign a Franco-German non-aggression pact.

During that meeting, both Ciano and Attolico were horrified to learn from Ribbentrop that Germany planned to attack Poland that summer, and that the Danzig issue was just a pretext for aggression.

During the same meeting in East Prussia with Count Ciano, Pierre Laval arrived and promptly agreed to Hitler's and Ribbentrop's demands that he place French police under the command of more radical anti-Semitics and conscript and send hundreds of thousands of French workers to work in Germany's war industry.

During a meeting with General Douglas MacArthur, Dr. Honma produced blades from the various periods of Japanese history and MacArthur was able to identify very quickly what blades held artistic merit and which could be considered purely weapons.

During the Libyan civil war, after meeting with high-level representatives of the Chadian government, United States Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton announced that N ' Djamena opposes Gaddafi and has reached out to the rival National Transitional Council in rebel-held Benghazi.

During this meeting, the ambassador said that the country " indeed experienced a daunting challenge.

During the 1969 preseason, the Giants lost their first meeting with the New York Jets, 37 – 14, in front of 70, 874 fans at the Yale Bowl in New Haven, Connecticut.

During that meeting, Ribbentrop suggested an overall settlement between the Vatican and the Reich government in exchange for Pius XII instructing the German bishops to refrain from political criticism of the German government, but no agreement was reached.

During the last meeting with the Prime minister, Musharraf faced a grave criticism on results produced by Kargil infiltration by the principle military intelligence ( MI ) director lieutenant-general Jamshed Gulzar Kiani who maintained in the meeting: "(...) whatever has been written there is against logic.

During his time as president, Eduard Shevardnadze made statements criticizing anti-Semitic acts.

During his period in Berlin, he came in contact with and was greatly influenced by Friedrich Carl von Savigny, Alexander von Humboldt, Eduard Gans, and especially Professor Leopold von Ranke, whose ideas on the necessity for politicians to be acquainted with historical science he readily adopted.

During the 1930, he was active in German student organisations in the Autonomous Silesian Voivodeship of Poland, as a member of Senator Eduard Pant's Deutsche Christliche Volkspartei, a Catholic party working for the interests of the German minority in Poland.

During World War II, while occupied by Nazi Germany, Villefranche received a large 13th Waffen SS Handschar ( 1st Croatian ) division. Led by Ferid Džanić, Eduard Matutinović, Božo Jelinek and Nikola Vukelić, one battalion staged a rebellion against the Nazis on 17 September 1943, ( Villefranche-de-Rouergue uprising ) but were soon suppressed and mostly executed on site.

During the 1992-1993 civil war between the adherents of the first Georgian president Zviad Gamsakhurdia and his opponents, Igor Giorgadze sided with Eduard Shevardnadze and in 1993, was appointed the country's Minister of State Security.

During this time he formed the Tartu school of composition, which gave rise to many composers, including Eduard Tubin.