During the first 20 years of his rule, Abd ar-Rahman avoided military action against the northern Christian kingdoms, Asturias and Navarre.

During the end of the 9th century, the Samanids extended its rule from Bukhara to as far south as the Indus River and west into most of Persia.

During the end of the 9th century, the Samanids extended its rule from Bukhara to as far south as the Indus River and west into most of Persia.

During the final decades of imperial rule, the troops were supplied by Germanic chieftains employed by the Roman administration.

During his rule, members of Yakoma were granted all key positions in the administration and made up a majority of the military.

During Patassé ’ s rule they were becoming increasingly marginalised, while Patassé created militias favouring his own Gbaya tribe, as well as neighbouring Sara and Kaba.

During this period, the harsh rule of the Spanish loyalists, who punished suspected rebels, drove more and more Chileans into the insurrectionary camp.

During the Han Dynasty, Confucianism developed from an ethical system into a political ideology used to legitimize the rule of the political elites.

During Chiang's rule, attacks on foreigners by Kuomintang forces flared up in several incidents.

During the rule of Mughal Emperor Akbar, it became a proper productive unit.

During the first years in power, under Lenin's rule, the Central Committee was the key decision-making body in both practice and theory, and decisions were made through majority votes.

During Stalin's rule they were specialised.

During his short rule, he replaced more than one-fifth of the Soviet ministers and regional party first secretaries and more than one-third of the department heads within the Central Committee apparatus.

During the rule of Henry VIII an Act of Parliament declared that ' this realm of England is an Empire ... governed by one Supreme Head and King having the dignity and royal estate of the imperial Crown of the same '.

During the Edo period, the shogunate appointed administrators ( machi bugyō ) with jurisdiction over the police and ( beginning with the rule of Tokugawa Yoshimune ) the fire department ( machibikeshi ).

During the Napoleonic Wars, Freikorps were formed for the purpose of shaking off French rule in Germany.

During the 17th century, the French fabulist Jean de La Fontaine ( 1621 – 1695 ) saw the soul of the fable in the moral — a rule of behavior.

During each of the next two years, he led his 8-legion army into Germany against the coalition of tribes led by Arminius, which had successfully overthrown Roman rule in a rebellion in 9.

During the 1980s, calls for greater independence from Moscow's rule grew louder.

During Franco's rule, Spain was officially neutral in World War II and remained largely economically and culturally isolated from the outside world.

During the Piast dynasty rule ( 10th – 14th century ), Poland was formed and established as a state and a nation.

During the whole interwar period, the British, appealing to the terms of the Mandate, rejected the principle of majority rule or any other measure that would give the Arab majority control over the government of Palestine.

During the first five years of Humayun's reign, these two rulers were quietly extending their rule, although Sultan Bahadur faced pressure in the east from sporadic conflicts with the Portuguese.

During the Yugoslav Wars, nearly every single nation that had ties with Serbia, had broken off diplomacy for the wars in Yugoslavia, and the rule of Slobodan Milošević.

* During the rule of Girolamo Savonarola in Florence between 1494 and 1497, the Bonfire of the Vanities took place.

During the Ottoman period, Bursa continued to be the source of most royal silk products.

During his reign, Bayezid II consolidated the Ottoman Empire and thwarted a Safavid rebellion soon before abdicating his throne to his son, Selim I.

During the medieval period and prior to the Ottoman occupation of Debarewa in 1557, Eritrea ’ s historical name was Bahre-Negash ( Kingdom of the Sea ).

During the Ottoman invasion of Central Europe ( between late 14th century and circa 1700 ) Hungarian soldiers protected fortresses and launched light cavalry attacks against the Turks ( see Hungarian Hussars ).

During this time, the Ottoman Army continued to press upon a reluctant Navy a plan for the re-occupation of Tenedos, which the Greek destroyers used as a base, by an amphibious operation.

During the Middle Ages, Muslims were in conflict with Zoroastrians during the Islamic conquest of Persia ; Christians were in conflict with Muslims during the Byzantine-Arab Wars, Crusades, Reconquista and Ottoman wars in Europe ; Christians were in conflict with Muslims during the Crusades, Reconquista and Inquisition ; Shamans were in conflict with Buddhists, Taoists, Muslims and Christians during the Mongol invasions ; and Muslims were in conflict with Hindus and Sikhs during Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent.

During World War I, Zionist volunteers fought in the Jewish Legion of the British Army against the Ottomans because they expected the British would be less opposed to the Zionist project than the Ottoman authorities.

During Ottoman times, the Mevlevi produced a number of notable poets and musicians, including Sheikh Ghalib, Ismail Rusuhi Dede of Ankara, Esrar Dede, Halet Efendi, and Gavsi Dede, who are all buried at the Galata Mewlewī Khāna ( Turkish: Mevlevi-Hane ) in Istanbul.

During the Ottoman rule, Skopje and Monastir ( Bitola ) were capitals of separate Ottoman provinces ( eyalets ).

During this period, peace and harmony in the Ottoman lands were completely lost and tyrants took control of the cities.

During the rule of Ibrahim Pasha ( 1830 – 1840 ), the Egyptian general, over much of Ottoman Syria, Nazareth was open to European missionaries and traders.

During the Ottoman period the temple was known to the Greeks as the Palace of Hadrian, while the Turks called it the Palace of Belkis, from a Turkish legend that the temple had been the residence of Solomon's wife.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was one of the most powerful states in the world – a multinational, multilingual empire that stretched from the southern borders of the Holy Roman Empire to the outskirts of Vienna, Royal Hungary ( modern Slovakia ) and the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in the north to Yemen and Eritrea in the south ; from Algeria in the west to Azerbaijan in the east ; controlling much of southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa.

During this period in the 15th and 16th centuries, the Ottoman Empire entered a long period of conquest and expansion, extending its borders deep into Europe and North Africa.

During the reign of Suleiman, Transylvania, Wallachia and, intermittently, Moldavia, became tributary principalities of the Ottoman Empire.

During a summer-long siege which was later to be known as the Siege of Malta, the Ottoman forces which numbered around 50, 000 fought the Knights of St. John and the Maltese garrison which in total numbered around 6, 000.

During this period threats to the Ottoman Empire were presented by the traditional foe — the Austrian Empire — as well as by a new foe — the rising Russian Empire.

During this time, the Ottoman sovereign was actively occupied in perfecting the civil and military institutions which his brother had introduced, in securing internal order, in founding and endowing mosques and schools, and in the construction of vast public edifices, many of which still stand.

During Orhan's reign as the Ottoman emir, the Byzantine Empire was in its last stages of its decline.

During this period, together with his uncle, he took part in many naval wars of the Ottoman Empire against Spain, the Republic of Genoa and the Republic of Venice, including the First Battle of Lepanto ( Battle of Zonchio ) in 1499 and Second Battle of Lepanto ( Battle of Modon ) in 1500.

During the Sinai and Palestine campaign 217 Australian and unknown numbers of British, New Zealand and Indian soldiers were captured by Ottoman Empire forces.

During the period of Austro-Hungarian rule in Transylvania, and Ottoman suzerainty over Wallachia and Moldavia, most Romanians were in the situation of being second-class citizens ( or even non-citizens ) in a territory where they formed the majority of the population.

During the Ottoman Empire's domination of the Aegean Sea, the Turkish exonym for the island was " Santurin " or " Santoron ".

During the Ottoman Tanzimat ( 1839 – 76 ) reforms, nationalism arose in the Empire and in 1870 a new Bulgarian Orthodox Church was established and its separate diocese was created, based on ethnic identity rather than religious principles.