The ECMWF model, the Ensemble Prediction System, uses singular vectors to simulate the initial probability density, while the NCEP ensemble, the Global Ensemble Forecasting System, uses a technique known as vector breeding .< ref name =" Toth ">

The ECMWF model, the Ensemble Prediction System, uses singular vectors to simulate the initial probability density, while the NCEP ensemble, the Global Ensemble Forecasting System, uses a technique known as vector breeding .< ref name =" Toth ">

ECMWF, through its partnerships with EUMETSAT, ESA, the EU and the European Science community has established a leading position for Europe in the exploitation of satellite data for operational numerical weather prediction, and in the exploitation of satellite data for operational seasonal forecasting with coupled atmosphere-ocean-land models.

Since 2006, the HIRLAM cooperation has shifted its focus to the development of meso-scale ( convection-permitting ) numerical weather prediction system ( HARMONIE ) through close collaboration with ALADIN consortium ( led by Meteo France ) and ECMWF ( European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasting ).

Starting in 1992 with ensemble forecasts prepared by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ( ECMWF ) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction, model ensemble forecasts have been used to help define the forecast uncertainty and to extend the window in which numerical weather forecasting is viable farther into the future than otherwise possible.

ECMWF is renowned worldwide as providing the most accurate medium-range global weather forecasts to 15 days and seasonal forecasts to 12 months.

The National Meteorological Services of Member States and Co-operating States use ECMWF ’ s products for their own national duties, in particular to give early warning of potentially damaging severe weather.

ECMWF was established in 1975, in recognition of the need to pool the scientific and technical resources of Europe ’ s meteorological services and institutions for the production of medium-range weather forecasts and of the economic and social benefits expected from it.

ECMWF has dramatically improved the accuracy and reliability of weather forecasting, working in collaboration with Member and Co-operating States, the European Union and partners such as the World Meteorological Organization ( WMO ), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites ( EUMETSAT ) and the European Space Agency ( ESA ).

ECMWF has pioneered an innovative approach known as reanalysis, which involves feeding weather observations collected over decades into a NWP system to recreate past atmospheric, sea-and land-surface conditions over specific time periods to obtain a clearer picture of how the climate has changed.

The ECMWF strategy puts the early warning of severe weather as its principal goal.

In particular, ECMWF ’ s emphasis on the provision of reliable predictions of severe weather can be seen as a key contribution to help society adapt to the dangers and threats associated with global warming.

Today ensemble predictions are commonly made at most of the major operational weather prediction facilities worldwide, including the National Centers for Environmental Prediction ( US ), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ( ECMWF ), the United Kingdom Met Office, Meteo France, Environment Canada, the Japanese Meteorological Agency, the Bureau of Meteorology ( Australia ), the China Meteorological Administration, the Korea Meteorological Administration, and CPTEC ( Brazil ).

ECMWF continuously endeavours to improve the use of satellite observations for NWP.

The ECMWF is best known in the United States for its global operational forecast model, known officially as the " Integrated Forecast System " but usually known informally as the " ECMWF " or " Euro ".

Also scientists and researchers around the world use ECMWF ’ s forecast products to monitor the environment and analyse climate change.

Surface pressure forecasts are issued three times per day, with temperature and probability of precipitation products issued twice per day, using guidance from the NWS medium range forecast model ( GFS ) as well as models from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting ( ECMWF ), the United Kingdom's Meteorology Office ( UKMET ), Canadian model, the Navy NOGAPS model, and ensemble guidance from the GFS, ECMWF, Canadian, and North American Ensemble Forecast System ( NAEFS ).

To date, and with support from Europe's National Meteorological Services and the European Commission, ECMWF has conducted two major reanalyses of the global atmosphere: the first ECMWF re-analysis ( ERA-15 ) project generated reanalyses from December 1978 to February 1994 ; the ERA-40 project generated reanalyses from September 1957 to August 2002.

Nonetheless, a limited amount of output from the model has been publicly released through both the ECMWF and various sites.

These products are issued twice daily using guidance from the NWS's Global Forecast System ( GFS ) and North American Mesoscale Model ( NAM ), as well as guidance from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ( ECMWF ), the United Kingdom's Met Office ( UKMET ), the Meteorological Service of Canada, including ensembles.

Antarctic surface temperature from ECMWF reanalyses, 1979-1993.

Data is the surface ( not 1. 5m ) temperature from ECMWF 15 year reanalyses.

Currently, the output from the ECMWF, UK Met Office ( UKMO ), CMA, Japan Meteorological Agency ( JMA ), National Centers for Environmental Prediction ( NCEP-USA ), Meteorological Service of Canada ( CMC ), Bureau of Meteorology Australia ( BOM ), Centro de Previsao Tempo e Estudos Climaticos Brazil ( CPTEC ), Korea Meteorological Administration ( KMA ), and MeteoFrance ( MF ) global models, totaling 440 GB / day, is moved at up to 30 GB / hour to NCAR ( Realtime Statistics ).

ECMWF ’ s strategy underlines its commitment to maintaining the current rapid rate of improvement of its global medium-range forecasts and products.

The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ( ECMWF ) is an independent intergovernmental organisation supported by 19 European Member States and 15 Co-operating States.

ECMWF makes significant contributions to support research on climate variability.

The ECMWF model runs every 12 hours and forecasts out to 10 days.

The ECMWF model is primarily used as comparison against the Global Forecast System, which is based in the United States and is run by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction.

However, unlike the GFS, which is in the public domain under provisions of United States law, the ECMWF model is proprietary and copyrighted.

ECMWF can contribute to the development of strategies to mitigate and adapt to climate change.

Since ECMWF runs a wave model, there are also predictions of coastal waves and storm surges in European waters which can be used to provide warnings.

Currently the ECMWF runs at resolution as opposed to the scale used by typical climate models.

Centers such as ECMWF show instantaneous map of their coverage ; or the Hadley Centre show the coverage for the average of the year 2000.

* Integrated Forecast System a global meteorological model developed by ECMWF.

This number connects to a computer at a local central office, which uses a voice synthesizer or digital samples to " speak " the phone number of the line calling in.

An analog computer is a form of computer that uses the continuously changeable aspects of physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities to model the problem being solved.

AOL Instant Messenger ( AIM ) is an instant messaging and presence computer program which uses the proprietary OSCAR instant messaging protocol and the TOC protocol to allow registered users to communicate in real time.

Tradition ( e. g. Donald Knuth's ( 1973 ) hypothetical MIX computer ), for example, uses two instructions called load accumulator from register / memory ( e. g. " LDA r ") and store accumulator to register / memory ( e. g. " STA r ").

The computer industry uses terms such as kilobyte, megabyte, and gigabyte, and corresponding symbols KB, MB, and GB, in two different ways.

The area of research within computer science that uses genetic algorithms is sometimes confused with computational evolutionary biology, but the two areas are not necessarily related.

* Adapt or design computer hardware or software for medical science uses.

A user is an agent, either a human agent ( end-user ) or software agent, who uses a computer or network service.

To execute an instruction in a computer program, the CPU uses the opcode for that instruction as well as its arguments ( for instance the two numbers to be added, in the case of an addition operation ).

The control unit of the CPU contains circuitry that uses electrical signals to direct the entire computer system to carry out stored program instructions.

Often, it uses a computer network to spread itself.

Computational chemistry is a branch of chemistry that uses principles of computer science to assist in solving chemical problems.

It uses the results of theoretical chemistry, incorporated into efficient computer programs, to calculate the structures and properties of molecules and solids.

After a short configuration process and mirror selection, it uses tools available on the user's computer to automatically download, unpack, compile, test, and install modules.

Modern computer animation usually uses 3D computer graphics, although 2D computer graphics are still used for stylistic, low bandwidth, and faster real-time renderings.

To draw this image the computer uses math to calculate how to project this image, defined by three dimensional data, onto a two dimensional computer screen.

A modern teacher, Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche, uses a computer analogy: main chakras are like hard drives.

Although these works were not actually composed with a computer in the modern sense, it uses a rudimentary form of the random combinatorial techniques sometimes used in computer-generated composition.

Another ' cybernetic ' approach to computer composition uses specialized hardware to detect external stimuli which are then mapped by the computer to realize the performance.

Machine improvisation uses computer algorithms to create improvisation on existing music materials.