The 12 year cycle, including Turkish / Mongolian translations of the animal names ( known as sanawat-e turki سنوات ترکی ,) remained in use for chronology, historiography, and bureaucratic purposes in the Persian and Turkish speaking world from Asia Minor to India and Mongolia throughout the Medieval and Early Modern periods.

Early Latin translations of Scripture were rendered obsolete by Jerome's Vulgate.

The Ante-Nicene Fathers, subtitled " The Writings of the Fathers Down to A. D. 325 ", is a collection of books in 10 volumes ( one volume is indexes ) containing English translations of the majority of Early Christian writings.

* Early 19th century: Modern Persian translations of the text are made, variously under the title Alf leile va leile, Hezār-o yek šab (), or, in distorted Arabic, Alf al-leil.

* Chinese Text Project – Early classical texts with English and modern Chinese translations

Early forms of analogical reasoning, inductive reasoning and categorical syllogism were introduced in Fiqh ( Islamic jurisprudence ), Sharia ( Islamic law ) and Kalam ( Islamic theology ) from the 7th century with the process of Qiyas, before the Arabic translations of Aristotle's works.

* Early Christian Writings: Gospel of Peter: several translations and commentaries, and three Patristic references

Early English translations of the Bible used thou and never you as the singular second-person pronoun, with the double effect of rescuing thou from complete obscurity and also imbuing it with an air of religious solemnity that is antithetical to its former sense of familiarity or disrespect.

Early translations in English were made by Davies ( 1860 ) and in French by Levêque ( 1890 ), and in many other languages.

* Early Christian Writings: Epistle of Barnabas ; e-texts of translations and introductions

MacNeill was an important scholar of Irish history, and among the first to study Early Irish law, offering both his own interpretations, which at times were coloured by his nationalism, and offering translations into English.

* 1951, 1954 First partial English translations by E. Kadloubovsky and G. E. H. Palmer in two volumes: Writings from the Philokalia on Prayer of the Heart and Early Fathers from the Philokalia.

Early Modern English Bible translations are those translations of the Bible which were made between about 1500 and 1800, the period of Early Modern English.

Early English Bibles were generally based on Greek texts or Latin translations.

Greek and Hebrew texts would become available with the development of the Johann Gutenberg's movable-type printing press which coincided with the development of Early Modern English, making English a literary language, and would lead to a great increase in the number of translations of the Bible in the Early Modern English era.

These developments would lead to the more fertile time for English translations in the Early Modern English period.

In the Early Modern period, this began to change as the invention of printing allowed grimoires to be produced in greater quantities ; initially this had primarily been in languages other than English, particularly Latin, but in the mid-sixteenth century, English translations of Albertus Magnus ' Book of Secrets were produced, whilst the printing of English-language grimoires increased in the seventeenth century.

Early Modern English Bible translations are those translations of the Bible which were made between about 1500 and 1800, the period of Early Modern English.

Early software releases in the CD-i format focused heavily on educational, music, and self-improvement titles, with only a handful of video games, many of them adaptations of board games such as Connect Four.

In Devonian | Late Devonian vertebrate speciation, descendants of Pelagic zone | pelagic Sarcopterygii | lobe-finned fish – like Eusthenopteron – exhibited a sequence of adaptations: * Panderichthys, suited to muddy shallows ; * Tiktaalik with limb-like fins that could take it up onto land ; * Tetrapod | Early tetrapods in weed-filled swamps, such as: ** Acanthostega which had feet with eight digits, ** Ichthyostega with limbs.

In Devonian | Late Devonian vertebrate speciation, descendants of Pelagic zone | pelagic Sarcopterygii | lobe-finned fish — like Eusthenopteron — exhibited a sequence of adaptations: • Panderichthys, suited to muddy shallows ; • Tiktaalik with limb-like fins that could take it onto land ; • Early tetrapods in weed-filled swamps, such as ; • Acanthostega, which had feet with eight digits, • Ichthyostega with limbs.

In Devonian | Late Devonian vertebrate speciation, descendants of Pelagic zone | pelagic lobe-finned fish — like Eusthenopteron — exhibited a sequence of adaptations: * Panderichthys, suited to muddy shallows ; * Tiktaalik with limb-like fins that could take it onto land ; * Early tetrapod s in weed-filled swamps, such as: ** Acanthostega, which had feet with eight digits, ** Ichthyostega with limbs.

Early tetrapods like Ichthyostega and Acanthostega differed from animals like Crossopterygians ( for instance Eusthenopteron or Panderichthys ) in their increased adaptations for life on land.

In Devonian | Late Devonian vertebrate speciation, descendants of Pelagic zone | pelagic Sarcopterygii | lobe-finned fish – like Eusthenopteron – exhibited a sequence of adaptations :< ul > < li > Panderichthys, suited to muddy shallows ; < li > Tiktaalik with limb-like fins that could take it onto land ; < li > Tetrapod | Early tetrapods in weed-filled swamps, such as :< ul > < li > Acanthostega which had feet with eight digits, < li > Ichthyostega with limbs .</ ul ></ ul > Descendants also included pelagic lobe-finned fish such as coelacanth species.

Early plays were often adaptations from earlier Chinese theatre styles, such as kunqu.

Early in his career Dirk became known for directing adaptations of comic book storylines.

In Devonian | Late Devonian vertebrate speciation, descendants of Pelagic zone | pelagic Sarcopterygii | lobe-finned fish – like Eusthenopteron – exhibited a sequence of adaptations :< ul > < li > Panderichthys, suited to muddy shallows ; < li > Tiktaalik with limb-like fins that could take it onto land ; < li > Tetrapod | Early tetrapods in weed-filled swamps, such as :< ul > < li > Acanthostega which had feet with eight digits, < li > Ichthyostega with limbs .</ ul ></ ul > Descendants also included pelagic lobe-finned fish such as coelacanth species.

Early scientific theories of transmutation of species such as Lamarckism and orthogenesis perceived species diversity as a result of a purposeful internal drive or tendency to form improved adaptations to the environment, but according to the modern evolutionary synthesis evolution through natural selection comes about when heritable mutations happen to give a better chance of successful reproduction in the environment they arise in, while disadvantageous mutations or disadvantageous alleles decrease in frequency or are lost completely.

In Devonian | Late Devonian vertebrate speciation, descendants of Pelagic zone | pelagic Sarcopterygii | lobe-finned fish – like Eusthenopteron – exhibited a sequence of adaptations: * Panderichthys, suited to muddy shallows ; * Tiktaalik with limb-like fins that could take it onto land ; * Tetrapod | Early tetrapods in weed-filled swamps, such as: * Acanthostega which had feet with eight digits, * Ichthyostega with limbs.

Early in the 18th century Geoffrey's obscure legend was given great prominence as a royal endorsement of the waters ' qualities, with the embellishment that the spring had cured Bladud and his herd of pigs of leprosy through wallowing in the warm mud.

Early modern writers, such as Polydore Vergil and Matthew Parker, the Elizabethan Archbishop of Canterbury, also utilised the Historia, and his works were used by both Protestant and Catholic sides in the Wars of Religion.

Early modern publications, dealing with what we now call Viking culture, appeared in the 16th century, e. g. Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus ( Olaus Magnus, 1555 ), and the first edition of the 13th century Gesta Danorum of Saxo Grammaticus in 1514.

Clover, " The Family and Early Career of Anicius Olybrius ", Historia, 27 ( 1978 ), pp. 169 – 96.

Early in the fifth century it is mentioned by Palladius of Galatia in the Historia Lausiaca, and Socrates Scholasticus tells us that, instead of being excommunicated, offending young monks were scourged.

The foundation myth of Cornwall originates with the early Brythonic chronicler Nennius in the Historia Brittonum and made its way, via Geoffrey of Monmouth into Early Modern English cannon where it was absorbed by the Elizabethans as the tale of King Leir alongside that of Cymbeline and King Arthur, other mythical British kings.

Eran I. Argov, ' A Church Historian in Search of an Identity: Aspects of Early Byzantine Palestine in Sozomen's Historia Ecclesiastica, Zeitschrift fur Antikes Christentum 9 ( 2005 ), pp. 367-396.

Early modern writers, such as Polydore Virgil and Matthew Parker, the Elizabethan Archbishop of Canterbury, also utilized the Historia, and his works were used by both Protestant and Catholic sides in the Wars of Religion.

Early in the Historia Geoffrey states that Mordred has married Arthur's wife Guanhumara, but does not indicate whether Mordred's sons were the product of this union.

Cornwall's Early Medieval history, in particular the early Welsh and Breton references to a Cornish ' king ' named Arthur, have featured in such legendary works as Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae, predating later Arthurian legend ( see legendary Dukes of Cornwall ).

Early modern publications dealing with Old Norse culture appeared in the 16th century, e. g. Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus ( Olaus Magnus, 1555 ) and the first edition of the

Early attestations of such names include Ethberictus, Garberictus, and Transberictus mentioned in Hontheim's Historia Trevirensis s. a.

* Pictures from a supplementary volume to Ludolf's Historia Aethiopica in Early Printed Books at St. John's College Library website.

Early modern publications dealing with Old Norse culture appeared in the 16th century, e. g. Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus ( Olaus Magnus, 1555 ) and the first edition of the