Electrons which diffuse from the cathode into the P-doped layer, or anode, become what is termed " minority carriers " and tend to recombine there with the majority carriers, which are holes, on a timescale characteristic of the material which is the p-type minority carrier lifetime.

Electrons excited to the conduction band also leave behind electron holes, i. e. unoccupied states in the valence band.

Electrons in the emitters, or the " holes " in the collectors, would cluster at the surface of the crystal where they could find their opposite charge " floating around " in the air ( or water ).

Electrons ( negative charges ) and holes ( positive charges ) both contribute to the induced thermoelectric voltage thus canceling each other's contribution to that voltage and making it small.

Electrons and holes diffuse into regions with lower concentrations of electrons and holes, much as ink diffuses into water until it is uniformly distributed.

Electrons have higher diffusion constant than holes leading to fewer excess electrons at the center as compared to holes.

Electrons and holes are injected into the organic layer at the electrodes and form excitons, a bound state of the electron and hole.

Electrons and holes are both fermions with half integer spin.

Electrons that are bound to atoms possess a set of stable energy levels, or orbitals, and can undergo transitions between them by absorbing or emitting photons that match the energy differences between the levels.

Electrons that populate a shell are said to be in a bound state.

Electrons in an s orbital benefit from closer proximity to the positively charged atom nucleus, and are therefore lower in energy.

Electrons ( the other major component of the atom ) are leptons.

Electrons are the charge carriers in metals and they follow an erratic path, bouncing from atom to atom, but generally drifting in the opposite direction of the electric field.

* Electrons are also transferred to the electron acceptor Q, forming QH < sub > 2 </ sub >.

Electrons are extracted from metal electrodes either by heating the electrode, causing thermionic emission, or by applying a strong electric field and causing field electron emission.

Electrons are responsible for emission of most EMR because they have low mass, and therefore are easily accelerated by a variety of mechanisms.

Electrons are at the heart of cathode ray tubes, which have been used extensively as display devices in laboratory instruments, computer monitors and television sets.

Electrons are bound by electromagnetic wave mechanics into orbitals around atomic nuclei to form atoms, which are the building blocks of molecules.

Two of the most popular are " OIL RIG " ( Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain ) and " LEO " the lion says " GER " ( Lose Electrons: Oxidization, Gain Electrons: Reduction ).

: Electrons are transferred from iron reducing oxygen in the atmosphere into water on the cathode, which is placed in another region of the metal.

Electrons are drawn from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit, producing direct current electricity.

Electrons in this state are 45 % likely to be found within the solid body shown.

Electrons are particulate radiation and, hence, have cross section many times larger than photons, so that they do not penetrate the product beyond a few inches, depending on product density.

Electrons and how they interact with electromagnetic fields are important in our understanding of chemistry and physics.

Electrons are fermions with S = 1 / 2 ; quanta of light are bosons with S = 1.

Electrons behave as beams of energy, and in the presence of a potential U ( z ), assuming 1-dimensional case, the energy levels ψ < sub > n </ sub >( z ) of the electrons are given by solutions to Schrödinger ’ s equation,

Electrons and how they interact with electromagnetic fields are important in our understanding of chemistry and physics.

Electrons remain bound to atoms but are able to transfer to adjacent atoms.

Electrons within the conduction band are mobile charge carriers in solids, responsible for conduction of electric currents in metals and other good electrical conductors.

For instance, " Electrons attract protons " and " Electrons have negative charge " employ the terms " protons " and " negative charge " ( with the latter also implicitly using the concept of " charge ").

Electrons ( things that have P1 ) have charge ( P2 ).

Electrons ( and positive charge carriers ) come with their own built-in negative feedback.

Electrons from the metal are used to bond to the ligand, in the process relieving the metal of excess negative charge.

Electrons were ideal for the role, as they are abundant and easily accelerated to high energies due to their electric charge.

They ’ ll carry it with them in their future life …. And this future life in the body of eons will be very long, almost as long as the Universe itself .” Suggests Charon, “ the electrons which form my body are not only carriers of what I call ‘ my ’ spirit, but, in fact constitute my spirit itself .” Electrons are sent individually into the Universe to learn and to increase the order of the Universe ; “ the psychic level of the whole Universe progressively elevates itself … during the ‘ successively lived experiences ’ of elemental matter .” The goal of each electron is to increase its energy to the highest level of sustainable excitement ; that is, to contain the most information within the largest stable system of organization possible.

Electrons form notional shells around the nucleus.

# Electrons jump between orbitals in a particle-like fashion.

These he interpreted as " negative-energy electrons " and attempted to identify them with protons in his 1930 paper A Theory of Electrons and Protons However, these " negative-energy electrons " turned out to be positrons, and not protons.

Electrons were first discovered as the constituents of cathode rays.

Electrons can also be emitted from the electrodes of certain metals when light of frequency greater than the threshold frequency falls on it.

Electrons flow in the external circuit.

Electrons flow from the source terminal towards the drain terminal if influenced by an applied voltage.

His most noted publication was the famous 1919 article " The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules " in which, building on Gilbert N. Lewis's cubical atom theory and Walther Kossel's chemical bonding theory, he outlined his " concentric theory of atomic structure ".

Electrons that belong to different molecules start " fleeing " and avoiding each other at the short intermolecular distances, which is frequently described as formation of " instantaneous dipoles " that attract each other.

Electrons emitted from the filament move several times in back and forth movements around the grid before finally entering the grid.