As her parents were not publicly acknowledged as being married at the time of her birth, Elizabeth's ' illegitimacy ' would be used by political opponents to challenge her right to the throne.

When Elizabeth's relatives, especially her brother, Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers, began to challenge Warwick's pre-eminence in English political society, Warwick conspired with his son-in-law, the Duke of Clarence, the king's younger brother.

For the first 30 years of Elizabeth's reign, until Leicester's death, he and Lord Burghley were the most powerful and important political figures, working intimately with the Queen.

" With a maxim such as this, it was easy for him to maintain that Elizabeth's — and his — brutal measures were political and not religious.

The issue of religious and political rivalry continued during the two Desmond Rebellions ( 1569 – 83 ) and the Nine Years ' War ( 1594 – 1603 ), both of which overlapped with the Anglo-Spanish War ( 1585 – 1604 ), during which some rebellious Irish nobles were helped by the Papacy and by Elizabeth's arch-enemy Philip II of Spain.

Certainly, his political activities give grounds and cause for Elizabeth and Elizabeth's government to regard the English seminaries in the Continent in Europe as hotbeds of treason.

The play is notable for several reasons: as the first verse drama in English to employ blank verse ; for its political subject matter ( the realm of Gorboduc is disputed by his sons Ferrex and Porrex ), which was still a touchy area in the early years of Elizabeth's reign ; for its manner, progressing from the models of the morality play and Senecan tragedy in the direction which would be followed by later playwrights.

It also shows Elizabeth's early dealings with her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, including her plans for her to marry Dudley, as a means to secure a political union between England and Scotland, and the treason of Thomas Howard.

He would have reduced episcopacy to narrow limits ; his views had considerable influence on the Puritans of Elizabeth's reign, when many editions of Hooper's works were published.

Elizabeth's open and gracious responses endeared her to the spectators, who were " wonderfully ravished ".

By the autumn of 1559 several foreign suitors were vying for Elizabeth's hand ; their impatient envoys engaged in ever more scandalous talk and reported that a marriage with her favourite was not welcome in England: " There is not a man who does not cry out on him and her with indignation ... she will marry none but the favoured Robert ".

After the rebels ' defeat, over 750 of them were executed on Elizabeth's orders.

The papal bull provoked legislative initiatives against Catholics by Parliament, which were however mitigated by Elizabeth's intervention.

The notion of a great Elizabethan age depends largely on the builders, dramatists, poets, and musicians who were active during Elizabeth's reign.

Elizabeth's brother Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers, and others were arrested and taken to Pontefract Castle, where they were later executed under the accusation of having planned to assassinate Richard.

Despite this, Elizabeth would not name Mary her heir ; as she had experienced during the reign of her predecessor Mary I, the opposition could flock around the heir if they were disheartened with Elizabeth's rule.

Elizabeth's courtiers were said to be very upset and worried, but Ní Mháille informed the queen that she carried it for her own safety.

On 14 November 1501, Elizabeth's eldest son, Arthur ( aged 15 ), married Catherine of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, and the pair were sent to Ludlow Castle, traditional residence of the Prince of Wales.

By 1564 Dudley had realised that his chances of becoming Elizabeth's consort were small.

Around 100 books were dedicated to Robert Dudley during Elizabeth's reign.

Some of the most often-quoted characterisations of Leicester, such as that he " was wont to put up all his passions in his pocket ", his nickname of " the Gypsy ", and Elizabeth's " I will have here but one mistress and no master "- reprimand to him, were contributed by Sir Henry Wotton and Sir Robert Naunton almost half a century after the Earl's death.

Because of increasing concern surrounding Queen Elizabeth's safety, in 1584 Elizabeth's Privy Council signed a " Bond of Association " The identities of the six conspirators were nevertheless discovered, and they were taken prisoner by 15 August 1586.

It is explicitly stated in a conversation between Carl Hollywood and Elizabeth's grandfather that multiple ractors were used in Elizabeth's case.

As Elizabeth's sons, the Princes in the Tower, were presumed murdered, the two women agreed on the betrothal of Margaret's son, Henry, to Elizabeth of York, the eldest daughter of Edward IV.

The over-ambitious Thomas started to make advances toward Elizabeth, sneaking into " the Lady Elizabeth's chamber before she was ready, and sometimes before she did rise ; and if she were up he would bid her good morrow and ask how she did, and strike her upon the back or on the buttocks familiarly ..." Thomas, while doing this, was often only partly dressed.

The Queen rarely visited her, although Elizabeth's daughter Viscountess Welles is known to have done so more often.

After Elizabeth's own death, a note from him was found among her most personal belongings, marked " his last letter " in her handwriting.

So he negotiated by letter under the assumed name John Sinclair with William Cecil, Elizabeth's chief adviser, for English support.

Octavius cries out that it is unjust, and Henrietta triumphantly drives the final blow ; " In her letter to me Ba writes that she has taken Flush with her ..." The film closes with a brief scene of Elizabeth's and Robert's marriage, with Wilson as a witness and Flush waiting patiently by the church door.

* A letter from Dr. Leonel Sharp to the Duke of Buckingham after 1623, recalling Elizabeth's speech

The play contains many gibes at Scotland and the Scottish people, which has led some critics to think that it is the work that incited George Nicolson, Queen Elizabeth's agent in Edinburgh, to protest against the portrayal of Scots on the London stage in a 1598 letter to William Cecil, Lord Burghley.

He gives the letter to Master Gracey, revealing him the truth about Elizabeth's death, and Master Gracey confronts Ramsley for murdering Elizabeth.

Portions of the 2001 and 2006 issues were struck in cupro-nickel, and can be identified by the lack of the letter P under Queen Elizabeth's portrait, and their non-magnetic quality.

A letter from another of Elizabeth's courtiers suggests this to have been Dudley's main home near London, it's possible it might have also been called Leicester House.

Upon the death of their son, Sir John Norreys, who was a distinguished soldier in Elizabeth's armies, the queen sent a stately letter of condolence to " my own dear crow ", as the Queen still affectionately called Margery.

The same year she was elected to the first London School Board, an office newly opened to women ; Elizabeth's was the highest vote among all the candidates.

Such was the case with Elizabeth's rival, Mary, Queen of Scots, whom she imprisoned in 1568 and eventually had executed in 1587.

Elizabeth's first Lady Mistress, Margaret, Lady Bryant, wrote that she was " as toward a child and as gentle of conditions as ever I knew any in my life ".

Catherine Champernowne, better known by her later, married name of Catherine " Kat " Ashley, was appointed as Elizabeth's governess in 1537, and she remained Elizabeth's friend until her death in 1565, when Blanche Parry succeeded her as Chief Gentlewoman of the Privy Chamber.

From the start of Elizabeth's reign, it was expected that she would marry and the question arose to whom.

Elizabeth's first instinct was to restore her fellow monarch ; but she and her council instead chose to play safe.

Elizabeth's will requested that she be buried with her husband at Hackney.

Elizabeth's relatives repeatedly urged her to leave him, and offered to have him committed as insane, but she refused.

Despite the uncertainty of Elizabeth's – and therefore the Tudor dynasty's – hold on England, she never married.

During the 1947 royal tour of South Africa, Elizabeth's serene public behaviour was broken, exceptionally, when she rose from the royal car to strike an admirer with her umbrella because she had mistaken his enthusiasm for hostility.

Elizabeth's first husband was Sir John Grey of Groby whom she married in about 1452.

During Queen Elizabeth's reign, she " encouraged the development of this supplementary navy.

" Elizabeth's preferred solution was that they should all live together at the English court, so that she would not have to forgo her favourite's company.

Mary I died in 1558, and she was succeeded by her Protestant half-sister Elizabeth I. Walsingham returned to England, and through the support of one of his fellow former exiles, Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford, he was elected to Elizabeth's first parliament as the member for Bossiney, Cornwall, in 1559

Prime Minister Gough Whitlam instituted a number of changes, including removing reference to the United Kingdom in Queen Elizabeth's Australian title on 19 October 1973, when she signed her assent to the Royal Style and Titles Act, and creating a domestic system of conferring civil and military honours.

In modern times, such as in Philippa Gregory's novel The Virgin's Lover, it has been suggested that Queen Elizabeth I of England ordered Mary's assassination by poisoning her, or, as portrayed in the 1998 film Elizabeth, that she was assassinated to protect Elizabeth's interests ( without any direct order by the Queen ).

One of the few surviving members of the Plantagenet dynasty after the Wars of the Roses, she was executed in 1541 at the command of King Henry VIII, who was her cousin Elizabeth's son.