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Emperor Jin Mindi surrenders to Liu Yao.
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Emperor and Jin
** Emperor Ai of Jin, a Jin Dynasty ( 265-420 ) emperor
The Jin Dynasty practitioner and advocate of acupuncture and moxibustion, Huangfu Mi ( 215-282 ), also quotes the Yellow Emperor in his Jiayi jing, c. 265.
* 1215 – Zhongdu ( now Beijing ), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.
* 307 – Jin Huidi, Chinese Emperor of the Jin Dynasty, is poisoned and succeeded by his son Jin Huaidi.
* 1127 – Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin Dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing ( Kaifeng ), the capital of the Song Dynasty of China, and abduct Emperor Qinzong and others, ending the Northern Song Dynasty.
* 313 – Emperor Jin Huidi is executed by Liu Cong, ruler of the Xiongnu state ( Han Zhao ).
* 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
* March 14 – Emperor Jin Huidi is executed by Liu Cong, ruler of the Xiongnu state ( Han Zhao ).
* Emperor Jin Andi, age 14, succeeds his father Jin Xiaowudi as ruler of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
* Emperor Shizong of Jin ( b. 1123 )
* The Emperor of Jin China surrenders to the Mongols under Genghis Khan, who have besieged Beijing for a year.
* December 15 – Emperor Prince Hǎilíng of Jin Dynasty China ( b. 1122 )
* Emperor Taizong of Jin
* Emperor Xizong of Jin, third ruler of the Jurchen Jin Dynasty
* Emperor Wu of Jin China ( approximate date )
Liu Bian took the Han throne as Emperor Shao, and He Jin plotted with warlord Yuan Shao to assassinate the Ten Attendants, a clique of ten eunuchs led by Zhang Rang who controlled much of the imperial court.
* May 17 – Emperor Jin Wudi, founder of the Western Jin Dynasty, dies after a 25-year reign.
Emperor and surrenders
Emperor Zeno concludes a peace treaty between the Goths and Odoacer surrenders the newly conquered territory in Gaul.
* August 13 – Emperor Cuauhtémoc surrenders to Hernán Cortés.
The Emperor of Delhi surrenders himself to Captain Hodson
Emperor and Liu
* 202 BC – coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place, initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty's rule over China.
* 141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han, assumes the throne over the Han Dynasty of China.
* The Han dynasty is restored in China as Liu Xiu proclaims himself Emperor, starting the Jianwu era ( until 56 ).
Liu Bang declares himself the Emperor of China, officially beginning the Han Dynasty.
Despite this, Liu Xiu, the later Emperor Guangwu of Han, buys crossbows in the winter of 22 in order to aid the rebellion of his brother Liu Yan ( styled Bosheng ) and Li Tong.
* Liu Penzi, captive " Emperor " of China ( d. 27 )
* Liu Penzi, captive " Emperor " of China ( b. 10 )
* Liu Shan, last Emperor of the Kingdom of Shu ( b. 207 )
Emperor Emperor Wu of Liu Song | Wu Di ( 420 – 422 )
For example, the diplomatic correspondence from King Bu of Wa to Emperor Shun of Liu Song in 478 has been praised for its skillful use of allusion.
The Eastern Han began when Liu Xiu became Emperor Guangwu of Han.
In 188, Emperor Ling accepted a memorial from Yi Province governor Liu Yan suggesting he grant direct administrative power over feudal provinces and direct command of regional military to local governors, as well promoting them in rank and filling such positions with members of the Liu family or court officials.
In the encounter Dong Zhuo acted arrogantly and threateningly, causing Liu Bian to be paralyzed with fear ; Liu Xie, the future Emperor Xian, responded calmly with authority and commanded Dong Zhuo to protect the royal family with his army to return to the imperial court.
It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han.
Liu Bang assumed the title " emperor " ( huangdi ) at the urging of his followers and is known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu ( r. 202 – 195 BCE ).
Emperor Gengshi's brother Liu Xiu, known posthumously as Emperor Guangwu ( r. 25 – 57 CE ), after distinguishing himself at the Battle of Kunyang in 23 CE, was urged to succeed Gengshi as emperor.
The Eastern Han, also known as the Later Han, formally began on 5 August 25, when Liu Xiu became Emperor Guangwu of Han.
Emperor and Yao
Following the death of the Later Qin Emperor Yao Xin, Liu Yu attacked the state of Later Qin, which controlled the valuable lands of Guanzhong, lands which had once housed the capital of the Qin, Han and Jin dynasties before the barbarian uprisings.
The first person named posthumously was said to be Ji Chang, named by his son Ji Fa of Zhou, as the " Civil King ", though earlier and perhaps mythological rulers such as Emperor Yao are considered to have posthumous names.
When Emperor Wu of Liu Song subdued Guanzhong he obtained the south-pointing carriage of Yao Xing, but it was only the shell with no machinery inside.
Finally the armies of Emperor Yao succeeded in defeating the Lu family, and Kumārajīva was brought east to the capital of Chang ' an in 401 CE.
Kumārajīva appeared to have a major influence on Emperor Yao Xing's actions later on, as he avoided actions that may lead to many deaths, while trying to act gently toward his enemies.
A strong believer in the magic of necromancy, he also declared that he had been Grand Minister to the Emperor Yao during a previous incarnation.
He was especially valued by Emperor Yao Xing of the state of Later Qin, who gave him an honorific title and treated him like a god.
Emperor Dangun's rule is usually calculated to begin in 2333 BC, based on the description of the Dongguk Tonggam ( 1485 ) contemporary to the 40th year of the reign of the legendary Chinese Emperor Yao.
* Grand Empress Dowager Zhang Yao ' er ( 566-568 ), during the reign of Emperor Fei
They were the wives of the mystical ruler, Shun, and daughters of the former ruler Emperor Yao.
Emperor Yao was claimed to be the ancestor of Liu Bang.
Emperor Yao himself was descended from Huangdi.
Emperor Wu was ecstatic in having a child at his advanced age ( 62 ), and because Consort Zhao purportedly had a pregnancy that lasted 14 months long — the same length as the mythical Emperor Yao -- he named Consort Zhao's palace gate " Gate of Yao's Mother.
In late 365, Emperor Fei offered the title Prince of Langye to Sima Yu and further created his heir apparent Sima Yao the Prince of Kuaiji.
Emperor Jianwen soon died, and was succeeded by his 10-year-old son Sima Yao, whom he created crown prince right before his death.
** Sima Yao ( 司馬曜 ), the Crown Prince ( created 372 ), later Emperor Xiaowu of Jin
The practice of Chinese claiming Huangdi as an ancestor was well established in Tang and Song China, with many Chinese families writing about their ancestry from Huangdi's sons and great-grandsons, Emperor Shun, and Emperor Yao.
Emperor Yao was also claimed to be the ancestor of the Han dynasty Emperor Liu Bang.
* 415 A. D .: Yao Xing, Emperor Wenhuan of Later Qin married his daughter, Princess Xiping ( 西平公主 ), to Emperor Mingyuan of Northern Wei.
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