In July 2004 the American Psychological Association issued a statement that DADT " discriminates on the basis of sexual orientation " and that " Empirical evidence fails to show that sexual orientation is germane to any aspect of military effectiveness including unit cohesion, morale, recruitment and retention.

Empirical evidence ( the record of one's direct observations or experiences ) can be analyzed quantitatively or qualitatively.

* Empirical evidence

Empirical evidence for the success of trade can be seen in the contrast between countries such as South Korea, which adopted a policy of export-oriented industrialization, and India, which historically had a more closed policy ( although it has begun to open its economy, as of 2005 ).

Empirical evidence suggests that unconscious phenomena include repressed feelings, automatic skills, subliminal perceptions, thoughts, habits, and automatic reactions, and possibly also complexes, hidden phobias and desires.

Empirical evidence is mixed with higher support in better studies according to Cronk in a 2007 review.

Empirical evidence suggests that these assumptions may not hold and that in practice, traders, analysts and particularly risk managers frequently modify the " standard models ".

Semantic Primes and Universal Grammar: Empirical evidence from the Romance languages.

Empirical evidence from dozens of studies suggests deliberation leads to better decision making.

Empirical evidence suggests that Falwell ’ s claim about the role of Christian Right organizations in Reagan ’ s victory has some truth, though difficult to determine definitively.

" Empirical evidence on this matter is still very tentative.

Empirical evidence suggests that taxes and transfers considerably reduce poverty in most countries, whose welfare states commonly constitute at least a fifth of GDP.

This approach being also known as maximum likelihood II, evidence maximization, or simply Empirical Bayes.

Empirical evidence suggests that countries with strong property rights systems have economic growth rates almost twice as high as those of countries with weak property rights systems, and that a market system with significant private property rights is an essential condition for democracy.

Empirical evidence suggests that abortions approximately doubled among women living in areas that were most affected by the Mexico City Policy.

Empirical evidence shows that Starve the Beast may be counterproductive, with lower taxes actually corresponding to higher spending.

Empirical evidence suggests that the reaction takes place on the surface of the metal.

* Empirical evidence

Empirical evidence showed that NetApp hardware was used to implement the controls and NetCache.

Empirical evidence suggests that the smaller the increment of measurement, the longer the measured length becomes.

Global progress I: Empirical evidence for increasing quality of life.

Empirical evidence to support either point of view is lacking.

Empirical evidence has shown that convergence failure is extremely rare, making this a good candidate for a general purpose polynomial root finding algorithm.

Empirical evidence from recorded conversations and the microsociology of emotion has proved of particular interest to students of interaction ritual.

Empirical research on this topic has been equivocal.

Empirical research into the question has been associated mainly with the names of Benjamin Lee Whorf, who wrote on the topic in the 1930s, and his mentor Edward Sapir, who did not himself write extensively on the topic.

Empirical thermometers are not in general necessarily in exact agreement with absolute thermometers as to their numerical scale readings, but to qualify as thermometers at all they must agree with absolute thermometers and with each other in the following way: given any two bodies isolated in their separate respective thermodynamic equilibrium states, all thermometers agree as to which of the two has the higher temperature, or that the two have equal temperatures.

Empirical research covering the last 20 years suggests that reinforcement theory has a 17 percent increase in performance.

Empirical thermometers are not in general necessarily in exact agreement with each other or with absolute thermometers as to their numerical scale readings, but to qualify as thermometers at all they must agree with absolute thermometers and with each other in the following way: given any two bodies isolated in their separate respective thermodynamic equilibrium states, all thermometers agree as to which of the two has the higher temperature, or that the two have equal temperatures.

# Empirical techniques, laid out in a section usually called " Materials and Methods ", should be described in such a way that a subsequent scientist, with appropriate knowledge of and experience in the relevant field, should be able to repeat the observations and know whether he or she has obtained the same result.

Sexton has written several books and many articles, including Redefining the Supreme Court's Role: A Theory of Managing the Federal Judicial Process ISBN 0-300-03734-1 ( with Samuel Estreicher ( Yale University Press, 1986 )), and the 141-page A Managerial Theory of the Supreme Court's Responsibilities: An Empirical Study published in the NYU Law Review in October 1984.

Empirical studies on moral exemplars has shown that moral identity has been developed through moral action while theoretical studies on moral identity was developed through from the concept of moral cognition, moral reasoning, and moral functioning.

Empirical research regarding the consequences of OCBs has focused on two main areas: organizational performance and success and managerial evaluations of performance and reward allocation.

Empirical studies have found that China has one of the most sophisticated content-filtering Internet regimes in the world.

Initially defending coherentism in his anti-foundationalist critique The Structure of Empirical Knowledge, BonJour has since moved to defend Cartesian foundationalism in such works as Epistemology and In Defense of Pure Reason.

Empirical research has been performed in support of this theory, as the meta-analysis of 104 empirical studies of the theory reveals.

Empirical evidence adduced in Lockhart also has shown that death-qualified juries are more likely than other jurors to convict a defendant.

Empirical data on health locus of control in a number of fields was reviewed by Norman and Bennett in 1995 ; they note that data on whether certain health-related behaviors are related to internal health locus of control have been ambiguous.

Empirical studies of communicator credibility and attractiveness, sometimes labeled charisma, have also been tied closely to empirically-occurring arguments.

Empirical advances have also been made by RFT researchers in the analysis and understanding of such topics as metaphor, perspective taking, and reasoning.

Empirical treatment should generally be started in a patient in whom suspicion of diphtheria is high.