The first surviving edition ( bilingual Swedish – Esperanto ) was published in Sweden in 2003.

In 2010 it was published in Russia as another bilingual ( Russian – Esperanto ) edition.

He was a prolific author of Esperanto works.

The first World Congress of Esperanto was organized in France in 1905.

Although no country has adopted Esperanto officially, Esperanto was recommended by the French Academy of Sciences in 1921 and recognized in 1954 by UNESCO ( which later, in 1985, also recommended it to its member states ).

In 2007 Esperanto was the 32nd language that adhered to the " Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment ( CEFR )".

After some ten years of development, which Zamenhof spent translating literature into Esperanto as well as writing original prose and verse, the first book of Esperanto grammar was published in Warsaw in July 1887.

In the early years, speakers of Esperanto kept in contact primarily through correspondence and periodicals, but in 1905 the first world congress of Esperanto speakers was held in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.

There was a proposal to make Esperanto its official language.

After the Great War, there was a proposal for the League of Nations to accept Esperanto as their working language, following a report by Nitobe Inazō, an official delegate of League of Nations during the 13th World Congress of Esperanto in Prague.

Hanotaux did not like how the French language was losing its position as the international language and saw Esperanto as a threat, effectively wielding his veto power to block the decision.

In Germany, there was additional motivation to persecute Esperanto because Zamenhof was Jewish.

The efforts of some Esperantists to expel Jewish colleagues and align themselves with the Reich were finally helpless and Esperanto was forbidden in 1936.

In Imperial Japan, the left-wing of the Japanese Esperanto movement was persecuted, but its leaders were careful enough not to give the impression to the government that the Esperantists were revolutionaries, which proved a successful strategy.

In the early years of the Soviet Union, Esperanto was given a measure of government support, and the Soviet Esperanto Association was an officially recognized organization.

The use of Esperanto was effectively banned until 1956.

He created the production and distribution company Esperanto Films, which has credits on the films Duck Season and Pan's Labyrinth.

Esperanto was created to foster universal understanding, solidarity and peace.

Ido was created in 1907 out of a desire to reform perceived flaws in Esperanto, a language that had been created for the same purpose 20 years earlier.

The song is often used as the anthem of Esperanto, and is now usually sung to a triumphal march composed by Félicien Menu de Ménil in 1909 ( although there is an earlier, less martial tune created in 1891 by Claes Adelsköld, as well as a number of others less well-known ).

One year later, at the Geneva world congress, Zamenhof created a Lingva Komitato ( Language Committee, the basis of the later Akademio de Esperanto ).

* Internacia Centra Komitato de la Esperanto-Movado ( ICK, International Central Committee of the Esperanto Movement ), a newly created organ elected by UEA and Ko-Ro together ; administering the common budget and doing the operational business for the international common tasks, also representing the movement as a whole.

Searight created Sona as a response to the Eurocentricity of other artificial auxiliary languages of his time, such as Esperanto and Ido.

Ŭ represents a semivowel in the orthography of Esperanto, which is an international auxiliary language created in the late 19th century.

Like other characters created by Harrison, the Rat is a speaker of Esperanto and advocates atheism.

He published numerous anarchist periodicals, helped translate various western anarchist essays into Japanese for the first time, and created Japan's first Esperanto school in 1906.

It has been suggested that Orwell included elements of Esperanto in the " Newspeak " language he created in his anti-totalitarian novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four.

Bein was among the earliest adopters of Esperanto, the international language that had been created by a fellow Polish ophthalmologist, Ludwik Zamenhof.

The Esperanto Wikipedia community has created and published a 40-page " Wikipedia: Practical Handbook " () which is sold on-line and at conventions.

A number of Esperantidos have been created to address a number of perceived flaws or weaknesses of Esperanto, or of other Esperantidos, attempting to improve their lexicon, grammar, pronunciation, and orthography.

) Others were created as language games or to add variety to Esperanto literature.

There are also extensions of Esperanto created primarily for amusement.

In 1931 Kalman Kalocsay published a translation of the Funeral Sermon and Prayer, the first Hungarian text ( 12th century ), in which he created fictitious archaic forms as though Esperanto were a Romance language deriving from Vulgar Latin.

Halvelik ( 1973 ) created Popido (" Popular Idiom ") to play the role of a substandard register of Esperanto that, among other things, does away with much of Esperanto's inflectional system.

Arcaicam Esperantom (" Archaic Esperanto ") is a constructed language created to act as a fictional ' Old Esperanto ,' in the vein of languages such as Old English or the use of Latin citations in modern texts.

Reformed Esperanto was a reformed version of Esperanto created in 1894.

The Russian Wikipedia was created on 20 May 2001 in the first wave of non-English Wikipedias, along with editions in Catalan, Chinese, Dutch, German, Esperanto, French, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Spanish, and Swedish.

Volapük was largely displaced in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, specifically by Esperanto, Ido and Interlingua.

Esperanto is frequently accused of being inherently sexist, because the default form of some nouns is masculine while a derived form is used for the feminine, which is said to retain traces of the male-dominated society of late 19th-century Europe of which Esperanto is a product.

Antonymic roots such as tarde for malfrue " late " and poke for malmulte " few " are used today in Esperanto poetry, though they resemble Ido and Esperanto may have acquired them from that language.

` Abdu ' l-Bahá also praised the ideal of Esperanto, a constructed language, and there was an affinity between Esperantists and Bahá ' ís during the late 19th century and early 20th century.