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Estimates of covariance matrices are required at the initial stages of principal component analysis and factor analysis, and are also involved in versions of regression analysis that treat the dependent variables in a data-set, jointly with the independent variable as the outcome of a random sample.
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Estimates and are
Estimates are produced by Brazil's National Institute for Space Research ( INPE ) for the entire Brazilian Legal Amazon by visually interpreting satellite imagery from the Landsat Thematic Mapper.
Estimates of the total number of Protestants are very uncertain, partly because of the difficulty in determining which denominations should be placed in these categories, but it seems clear that Protestantism is the second largest major group of Christians after Catholicism in number of followers ( although the Orthodox Church is larger than any single Protestant denomination ).
Estimates are that 90 % of all commercially produced chemical products involve catalysts at some stage in the process of their manufacture.
Estimates for the main centres of Christadelphian population are as follows: United Kingdom ( 18, 000 ), Australia ( 9, 987 ), Malawi ( 7, 000 ), United States ( 6, 500 ), Mozambique ( 5, 300 ), Canada ( 3, 375 ), New Zealand ( 1, 782 ), Kenya ( 1, 700 ), India ( 1, 300 ), Tanzania ( 1, 000 ), and Philippines ( 1, 000 ).
Estimates are that between 45 % and 85 % of Ireland's population emigrated, to countries including Britain, the United States, Canada, Argentina, Australia and New Zealand.
Estimates for the value of the gold which might be extracted through open-pit mining are as high as $ 20 billion.
Estimates of lesbians are sometimes not differentiated in studies of same-sex households, such as those performed by the U. S. census, and estimates of total gay, lesbian, or bisexual population by the U. K. government.
Estimates from 2006 showed that only three viable nesting sites were available for this ancient bird, one located 80 miles from Dubai, and two smaller sites in Oman, all of which are in the process of becoming real estate developments.
Estimates of TAI are also provided in real time by the institutions that operate the participating clocks.
* Official Estimates are determined by a combination of information from one or more of the other three methods.
Estimates of the death toll, including both civilians and Red Guards, from various sources are about 500, 000 between 1966 and 1969.
Estimates of the Queen's wealth vary, depending on whether assets owned by her personally or held in trust for the nation are included.
Estimates for the global biomass of species and specie groups are not always consistent across the literature.
Estimates of rates of short GRBs are even more uncertain because of the unknown degree of collimation, but are probably comparable.
Estimates for the incidence of androgen insensitivity syndrome are based on a relatively small population size, and thus are known to be imprecise.
Estimates of the number of Haredim globally are difficult to measure, due to its imprecise definition, lack of data collection and rapid change over time.
Estimates are that the English had, by this time, traveled approximately and rested the day before the battle.
In 1987 Geraldo Rivera produced a national television special on the alleged secret cults, claiming " Estimates are that there are over one million Satanists in United States and they are linked in a highly organized, secretive network.
Estimates and required
Estimates of the amount of effort required to build Maeshowe vary ; a commonly suggested number is 39, 000 man-hours, although Colin Renfrew calculated that at least 100, 000 hours would be required.
Estimates based on descriptions of the gardens in ancient sources say the Hanging Gardens would have required a minimum amount of 8, 200 gallons ( 37, 000 liters ) of water per day.
Estimates of the mass of the nebula are made by measuring the total amount of light emitted, and calculating the mass required, given the measured temperature and density of the nebula.
Estimates are required to prove that this converges in some right half-plane of the complex numbers.
Estimates and at
Estimates of the frequency of systems strongly suggest that more than 50 % of Sun-like stars harbor at least one planet.
Estimates vary, but one from Global Insight puts GDP growth at 17 percent last year and projects 13 percent for 2006.
Estimates vary widely, but at least 30, 000 slaves, and potentially more than 100, 000, escaped to Canada via the Underground Railroad.
Estimates place Korean and Chinese casualties at 1, 000, 000 – 1, 400, 000 dead or wounded, and 140, 000 MIA or POW.
Estimates of how many people were killed during the period begin at around 300, though verification of the true figure is now impossible.
Estimates in 1993 put the Lyapunov time horizon for predictability at around 50 years, after which the uncertainty region becomes larger with each close approach to a planet.
Estimates of the casualties among the Resistance are made harder by the dispersion of movements at least until D-Day, but credible estimates start from 8, 000 dead in action ; 25, 000 shot to death ; and several tens of thousands deported, of which 27, 000 died in death camps.
Estimates put the age of the rock at 300 to 400 million years, well before Australia separated from Gondwana.
Estimates of the range vary widely – from 4, 500 to 10, 000 kilometers ( most estimates put the range at about 6, 700 km ).
Las Cruces and the Las Cruces Metropolitan Statistical Area's July 1, 2008 populations were estimated at 91, 865 and 201, 603 respectively by the United States Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program.
The population at the 2011 Estimates places the city at 50, 559, but with the recent annexation of Silver Creek, the population is now estimated at 51, 186.
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