Eritrea maintains a military force on its border with Ethiopia roughly equal in size to Ethiopia's force, which has required a general mobilization of a significant portion of the population.

Exports are almost entirely agricultural commodities, with coffee as the largest foreign exchange earner, and its flower industry becoming a new source of revenue: for 2005 / 2006 ( the latest year available ) Ethiopia's coffee exports represented 0. 9 % of the world exports, and oilseeds and flowers each representing 0. 5 %.

The following table displays the trend of Ethiopia's gross domestic product at market prices, according to estimates by the International Monetary Fund with figures in millions of Ethiopian Birr.

Following the decisive Ethiopian victory at Adwa, Menelik II rapidly negotiated a series of treaties fixing Ethiopia's boundaries — with French Somaliland in March 1897, British Somaliland a few months later in June 1897, with Italian Eritrea in 1900, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan in 1902, British East Africa in 1907, and Italian Somaliland in 1908 — which simplified this problem on one level.

Continuing instability along Ethiopia's borders with Sudan and Somalia contributes to tension with the National Islamic Front regime in Sudan and several factions in Somalia.

* Most of the southern half of the boundary with Somalia is a Provisional Administrative Line, not an international boundary, which is ignored by rival clans within Ethiopia's Ogaden and southern Somalia's Oromo region

Ethiopia's military victory over Italy, obtained also with Russian support, secured it the distinction of being the only African nation to successfully resist European colonialism during the Scramble for Africa.

* 1974 – Donald Johanson and Tom Gray discover the 40 % complete Australopithecus afarensis skeleton, nicknamed " Lucy " ( after The Beatles song " Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds "), in the Awash Valley of Ethiopia's Afar Depression.

Between the valley of the Upper Nile and Ethiopia's border with Eritrea is a region of elevated plateaus from which rise the various tablelands and mountains that constitute the Ethiopian Highlands.

Ethiopia's traditions, recorded and elaborated in a 13th century treatise, the " Kebre Negest ", assert descent from a retinue of Israelites who returned with the Queen of Sheba from her visit to King Solomon in Jerusalem, by whom she had conceived the Solomonic dynasty's founder, Menelik I.

The music of Ethiopia is extremely diverse, with each of Ethiopia's ethnic groups being associated with unique sounds.

Shortly after Ethiopia's initial appeal, Minister of Foreign Affairs Pierre Laval of France and Foreign Secretary Samuel Hoare met with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini in Rome.

Ethiopia's traditions, recorded and elaborated in a 5th century treatise, the " Kebre Negest ", assert descent from a retinue of Israelites who returned with Makeda, the Queen of Sheba from her visit to King Solomon in Jerusalem, by whom she had conceived the Solomonic dynasty's founder, Menelik I.

Eritrea maintains a military force on its border with Ethiopia roughly equal in size to Ethiopia's force, which has required a general mobilization of a significant portion of the population.

On returning to Ethiopia, he served in the Ministry of Justice, and was a member of the Anglo-Ethiopian Boundary Commission which demarcated Ethiopia's borders with former British Somaliland, and that later investigated the causes of the Walwal Incident of 1934.

Saint Yared ( Ge ' ez: ቅዱስ ያሬድ ) ( April 25, 505 – May 20, 571 ) was a semi-legendary Ethiopian musician credited with inventing the sacred music tradition of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church and Ethiopia's system of musical notation.

When SIM continued its movement after a brief ban during Ethiopia's war with Italy, it is written that the missionaries were taken aback by the fruits of their initial mission.

On 29 July 2009, State Minister of Foreign Affairs, Dr. Tekeda Alemu met with Somaliland Foreign Affairs Minister, Abdillahi Mohamed Dualeh over improving Ethiopia's use of the port.

Emperor Haile Selassie appointed him Minister of the Interior in March 1941, as part of the cabinet Haile Selassie established to re-assert Ethiopia's existence as an independent state against the views of the British War Office that, since Ethiopia had previously been Italian territory, the Emperor " cannot fully reassume his status and powers as Emperor until a peace treaty has been signed with Italy ".

In Ethiopia's Muslim communities, as in neighboring Sudan and Somalia, many of the faithful are associated with, but not necessarily members of any specific Sufi order.

Prior to the war, much of Eritrea's trade was with Ethiopia, and much of Ethiopia's foreign trade relied on Eritrean roads and ports.

The Italians took advantage of disorder in northern Ethiopia following the death of Emperor Yohannes IV in 1889 to occupy the highlands and established their new colony, henceforth known as Eritrea, and received recognition from Menelik II, Ethiopia's new Emperor.

But the then-province of Eritrea was the second highest recipient of Ethiopia's budget and development, only preceded by the province of Shewa.

Incidents started to occur between Eritrea and Ethiopia on the 6 May 1998 in the Badme border area in Eritrea's Gash-Barka Region and Ethiopia's Tigray Region.

After a series of armed incidents in which several Eritrean officials were killed near Badme, on 6 May 1998, a large Eritrean mechanized force entered the Badme region, under Ethiopian administration, along the border of Eritrea and Ethiopia's northern Tigray Region, resulting in a fire fight between the Eritrean soldiers and the Tigrayan militia and security police they encountered.

Although an airstrip was recently built near the park headquarters on the Mui River, this park is not easily reachable ; the Lonely Planet guide Ethiopia and Eritrea describes Omo National Park as " Ethiopia's most remote park.

Ethiopia's then-ruling communist Derg regime later established the Autonomous Region of Assab ( now called Aseb and located in Eritrea ), although low level insurrection continued until the early 1990s.

Ethiopia's fisheries are entirely freshwater, as it has no marine coastline, and are a small part of the economy.

Waterpower and forests are Ethiopia's main energy sources.

Of the 23, 812 kilometres of Ethiopia's all-weather roads, 15 % are asphalt.

Many towns in Ethiopia are named after biblical Israel settlements, including Ethiopia's third largest city of Nazret ( Adama ).

Although the Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes are of great importance to Ethiopia's economy, as well as being essential to the survival of the local people, there were no intensive and extensive limnological studies undertaken of these lakes until recently.

The falls are some of the tallest uninterrupted falls in Africa ( after South Africa's Tugela Falls, Ethiopia's Jin Bahir Falls and some more waterfalls ).

13, 496, 821 or 89. 72 % of the population are estimated to be rural inhabitants, while 1, 545, 710 or 10. 28 % are urban ; this makes the SNNPR Ethiopia's most rural region.

Local industry includes Mesfin Industrial Engineering, a steel fabrication and manufacturing factory, and Messebo Cement Factory, northern Ethiopia's principal cement production facility ; both are companies owned and managed by the Endowment Fund for the Rehabilitation of Tigray ( EFFORT ).

The Rer Bare ( or Rerebere, Adona ) are a tribe in Ethiopia's eastern Ogaden region on the Shabele River, near Somalia, who currently speak Somali.

The falls are considered one of Ethiopia's best known tourist attractions.

The Bale Mountains are home to many of Ethiopia's endemic animals, notably the Ethiopian Wolf, ( Canis simensis ), found on the Sanetti Plateau.

The southeastern portion's highest peaks are located in the Bale Zone of Ethiopia's Oromia Region.

The music of Ethiopia is extremely diverse, with each of Ethiopia's ethnic groups being associated with unique sounds.

Although officially a protected species, wolf killings increased in frequency during Ethiopia's period of instability due to the increased availability of firearms.