Factors including late intake valve closure ( relatively speaking for camshaft profiles outside of typical production car range, but not necessarily into the realm of competition engines ) can produce a misleadingly low figure from this test.

' Factors of production ' may also refer specifically to the ' primary factors ', which are stocks including land, labor ( the ability to work ), and capital goods applied to production.

Factors contributing to the loss included the development of an all-new model, the strong Australian dollar and the cost of reducing the workforce at the Elizabeth plant, including the loss of 1, 400 jobs after the closure of the third-shift assembly line in 2005, after two years in operation.

Factors other than the potential causative variable of interest are controlled for by including them as regressors in addition to the regressor representing the variable of interest.

Factors for the great population growth include the impact of Dutch colonial rule including the imposed end to civil war in Java, the increase in the area under rice cultivation, and the introduction of food plants such as casava and maize which could sustain populations that could not afford rice.

Factors including one's speed made good and the nature of heading and other course changes, and the navigator's judgment determine when dead reckoning positions are calculated.

Factors leading to the magnitude of the gas leak mainly included problems such as ; storing MIC in large tanks and filling beyond recommended levels, poor maintenance after the plant ceased MIC production at the end of 1984, failure of several safety systems due to poor maintenance, and safety systems being switched off to save money — including the MIC tank refrigeration system which could have mitigated the disaster severity The situation was worsened by the mushrooming of slums in the vicinity of the plant, non-existent catastrophe plans, and shortcomings in health care and socio-economic rehabilitation.

Several broad disciplines including Psychology, Human Factors and Cognitive Science subsume usability engineering, but the theoretical foundations of the field come from more specific domains: human perception and action ; human cognition ; behavioral research methodologies ; and, to a lesser extent, quantitative and statistical analysis techniques.

The university offers undergraduate Bachelor's degrees, graduate Master's degrees, including Master of Science in Aeronautics, Aerospace Engineering, Business Administration in Aviation Management, Electrical / Computer Engineering, Engineering Physics, Human Factors and Systems, Mechanical Engineering, Multidisciplinary Engineering, Safety Science, Software Engineering and PhD degrees in Aviation ( the first such program in the world ) and Engineering Physics.

Factors affecting cycling levels may include: town planning ( including quality of infrastructure: cyclist " friendly " vs. cyclist " hostile "), trip-end facilities ( particularly secure parking ), retail policy, marketing the public image of cycling, integration with other transport modes, cycle training, terrain ( hilly vs. flat ), distance to destinations, levels of motorized transport and climate.

Factors including the nature of the topography geochemistry and tectonics influence tailings facility design, such that " the difficulty in ensuring that a long-term maintenance plan can be sustained in perpetuity given the challenging conditions, combined with social demands on the customary lands often preclude any tailings storage facility development.

Factors including a small litter size, long maturation time, and the capture of multiple age classes all contribute to this shark's susceptibility to overfishing.

Beginning in the 1960s and early 1970s he published on American economic history in the 19th century, including The Jacksonian Economy ( 1969 ) and Causal Factors in American Economic Growth in the Nineteenth Century ( 1975 ), as well as Reckoning with Slavery ( 1976 ), which was an examination of the slave economy and its effects.

... Factors relating to the assessment of best available technology shall take into account the age of equipment and facilities involved, the process employed, the engineering aspects of the application of various types of control techniques, process changes, the cost of achieving such effluent reduction, non-water quality environmental impact ( including energy requirements ), and such other factors as the Administrator deems appropriate.

Factors that are known to cause variation in the levels of GH and IGF-1 in the circulation include an individuals genetic make-up, the time of day, their age, sex, exercise status, stress levels, genetics, nutrition level and body mass index ( BMI ), disease state, race, estrogen status and xenobiotic intake.

Factors such as host susceptibility, genetics and immune function, health care and co-infections as well as viral genetic variability may affect the rate of progression to the point of needing to take medication in order not to develop AIDS.

Factors that may determine what line an angler chooses for a given fishing environment include breaking strength, knot strength, UV resistance, castability, limpness, stretch, abrasion resistance, and visibility.

Factors such as: energy and type of radiation, half-life, longevity, availability, shielding, portability, and the role of the environment will determine the effect of the radiological weapon.

Factors such as the chemistry of the environment may have been responsible for changes.

##* Factors relating to the environment that either increase or decrease the likelihood of disease.

Factors in play at the time include the newness of Alaska as a state and the previous absence of electoral politics in many of the rural communities, creating an environment which made it hard to attract candidates to file for office during the official filing period.

Factors of power adjustment include speed ratio ; shaft distance ( long or short ); type of drive unit ( electric motor, internal combustion engine ); service environment ( oily, wet, dusty ); driven unit loads ( jerky, shock, reversed ); and pulley-belt arrangement ( open, crossed, turned ).

Factors such as Budget, time, the need to control the environment, or the fact that the place does not exist can be reasons to film on a set.

Factors that can affect the balance of trade include:

Harry Nyquist's 1924 paper, Certain Factors Affecting Telegraph Speed, contains a theoretical section quantifying " intelligence " and the " line speed " at which it can be transmitted by a communication system, giving the relation, where W is the speed of transmission of intelligence, m is the number of different voltage levels to choose from at each time step, and K is a constant.

Factors that can cause nitrate buildup in plants are frost, hail damage, drought, hot dry winds, pesticide damage, herbicide damage and any other plant stunting environmental causes.

Factors that can shape climate are called climate forcings or " forcing mechanisms ".

Factors that can degrade thermal performance:

Factors such as temperament, social structure and ability to breed in captivity play a role in determining whether a species can be successfully domesticated.

Factors causing an organism ’ s condition to waver away from homeostasis can be interpreted as stress.

Some of the Factors that can determine admissibility include:

Factors that can cause male as well as female infertility are:

Factors that can contribute to GERD:

Factors such as transcription may or may not be needed if the virus is able to integrate its genomic information in the cell's nucleus, or if the virus can replicate itself directly within the cell's cytoplasm.

Factors that contribute to inconsistency: features of the individual or the situation that can affect test scores but have nothing to do with the attribute being measured

Harry Nyquist's 1924 paper, Certain Factors Affecting Telegraph Speed, contains a theoretical section quantifying " intelligence " and the " line speed " at which it can be transmitted by a communication system.

Factors such as how different the two interacting cultures are, and how easily individuals can integrate these two cultures ( bicultural identity integration ) may partially explain why general statements about approaches to acculturation are not sufficient in predicting successful adaptation.

Factors influencing ionospheric radio signal propagation can include sporadic-E, spread-F, solar flares, geomagnetic storms, ionospheric layer tilts, and solar proton events.

Factors of cultural expectation in the genesis of koro can be built upon ideas of sex physiology in the traditional Chinese medicine, with free play of imagination which links fatality with genital retraction.

Factors associated with loads are normally independent on the type of material involved, but can be influenced by the type of construction.

Factors that trigger vasoconstriction can be of exogenous or endogenous origin.

Factors such as borrowing, tradition and taboo can skew the results, as with other methods.

Factors such as altitude, aspect and sunlight exposure can have a pronounced effect not only one the resulting quality of the wine but also whether or not the Riesling grape will even ripen at all.

Factors such as E-layer skip propagation, tropospheric enhancement, and knife-edge diffraction can extend the useful range of signals.

Factors that induce cyst formation can include food deprivation, crowding, desiccation, accumulation of waste products, and cold temperatures.

Factors that can affect the distribution of impacts include location, ethnicity, income, and occupation.