Finland's foreign politics before this deal had been varied: independence from Imperial Russia with support of Imperial Germany in 1917 ; participation in the Russian Civil War ( without official declaration of war ) alongside the Triple Entente 1918 – 1920 ; a non-ratified alliance with Poland in 1922 ; association with the neutralist and democratic Scandinavian countries in the 1930s ended by the Winter War ( 1939 ); and finally in 1940, a rapprochement with Nazi Germany, the only power able to protect Finland against the expansionist Soviet Union, leading to the Continuation War in 1941.

The Red Finns did not accept total alliance with the Bolsheviks ; major disputes continued over demarcation of the border between Red Finland and Soviet Russia, and over the civil rights of Russian citizens in Finland.

At the time, the battalion was considered to form a certain bondage with Germany, as Germany and Finland both fought against the Soviet Union, without a formal alliance.

* March 7 – WWI: Finland forms an alliance with Germany.

The relationship between Finland and Germany more closely resembled an alliance during the six weeks of the Ryti-Ribbentrop Agreement, which was presented as a German condition for help with munitions and air support, as the Soviet offensive coordinated with D-Day threatened Finland with complete occupation.

* The European political alliance Nordic Green Left Alliance, formed by the Left Alliance ( Finland ), the Left-Green Movement ( Iceland ), the Left Party ( Sweden ), the Socialist Left Party ( Norway ) and the Socialist People's Party ( Denmark ).

Although he was an ardent anti-Bolshevik, he refused an alliance with the Russian White generals and their armies, because they probably would not have accepted the independence of Finland.

In Stockholm Paasikivi strived for Swedish defence guarantees, alternatively a defensive alliance or a defensive union between Finland and Sweden.

Organized crime is characterized by a loose alliance of mobster groups, principally of Russian origins, with a wide range of different rackets: prostitution, motor vehicle theft, drug trafficking, and previously also " providing " workers to building contracts in Finland, where the criminal organizations were confiscating a share of workers ' wages.

Russia was therein obliged to attack Napoleon's enemies, and since Gustav IV Adolf refused to break his alliance with the United Kingdom, the tsar invaded Finland and severed it from Sweden in the Finnish War, 1808 / 1809.

It must have been clear to Molotov and Stalin in August 1939, that an agreement with Germany avoided an immediate war with that country and could satisfy Soviet territorial ambitions in eastern Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Bessarabia ; an alliance with Britain and France offered no territorial gains and a war with Germany in which the USSR was most likely to bear the brunt of a German attack.

Wojciechowski envisioned a Polish-led block in Central Europe composed of Hungary, Romania, Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania and in close relationship with Italy, that would oppose both German expansionism and Soviet pressure on these states ; he wrote that such alliance would " rescue Christianity " from the threat of " Bolshevik communism " and " hitlerite paganism ".

Finland, however, was never a strong supporter of Nazi Germany and felt that an alliance with Hitler would help ensure that the country would remain independent.

This letter marked the closest to an alliance Finland and Nazi Germany came during World War II.

So it was no wonder that neither Finland or Germany wanted formalized alliance in the beginning in their fight against Soviet Union, though from very different reasons.

The demands led to demonstrations and large-scale strikes in both industry and agriculture throughout Finland.

* 1944 – Continuation war: the Soviet Union demands an unconditional surrender from Finland during the beginning of partially successful Vyborg – Petrozavodsk Offensive.

" Finland rejected territorial demands and was invaded by the Soviet Union in November 1939.

The demands were that Finland cede the Karelian Isthmus, including the city of Viipuri, and Finland's shore of Lake Ladoga.

Finland rejected these demands and intensified its pleas to Sweden, France and the United Kingdom for military support by regular troops.

With Poland being divided between two powers, the Soviet Union put forth its territorial demands to Finland for a minor part of the Karelian Isthmus, a naval base at Hanko ( Hangö ) peninsula and some islands in the Gulf of Finland.

Finland rejected the demands and on November 30, the Soviet Union invaded Finland, thus triggering the Winter War.

The Soviet Union had lost substantial territory in eastern Europe as a result of the treaty of Brest-Litovsk, where it gave in to German demands and ceded control of Poland, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia and Finland, among others, to the " Central Powers ".

The Soviet demands on Finland in the months prior to the outbreak of war had roused public opinion.

Despite the Finnish and Russian demands of including much of today's Swedish Torne River Valley territory into the autonomous Russian Grand Duchy of Finland, the area remained part of the Kingdom of Sweden as a result of the peace treaty signed between Russia and Sweden in 1809.

The Svecoman ( Swedish Svekoman ) movement was a Swedish nationalist movement that arose in the Grand Duchy of Finland at the end of the 19th century chiefly as a reaction to the demands for increased use of Finnish vigorously presented by the Fennoman movement.

** The Soviet Union demands troop transfer rights through Finland

The Brigade trains units suited for combat on the heavy snow and poor road-infrastructure areas of Northern Finland, and has several variations from normal Finnish Army training schedules and equipment to meet these demands, such as the light tracked all-terrain vehicles used for fast transportation of troops especially during wintertime.

Firearms International has introduced another import, this one from Finland.

Immediately on his return from Finland, Alexei was dispatched by his father to Staraya Russa and Lake Ladoga to see to the building of new ships.

When Aalto was 5 years old, the family moved to Alajärvi, and from there to Jyväskylä in Central Finland.

In his analysis of Aalto, Giedion gave primacy to qualities that depart from direct functionality, such as mood, atmosphere, intensity of life and even national characteristics, declaring that " Finland is with Aalto wherever he goes ".

* In addition, Finnish, a Baltic-Finnic language, has calqued the Swedish term as Itämeri " East Sea ", disregarding the geography ( the sea is west of Finland ), though understandably since Finland was a part of Sweden from the Middle Ages until 1809.

However, the Canal du Midi was built using concrete in 1670, and there are concrete structures in Finland that date from the 16th century.

* Callisto ( band ), a band from Turku, Finland

His father, Donald Walton Lynch, was a research scientist working for the U. S. Department of Agriculture, and his mother, Edwina " Sunny " Lynch ( née Sundholm ), was an English language tutor whose grandfather's parents had immigrated to the United States from Finland in the 19th century.

In Finland, the state-owned broadcasting company Yleisradio and the private broadcaster Mainos-TV had a legal duopoly ( in the economists ' sense of the word ) from the 1950s to 1993.

Fresh and dried dill leaves ( sometimes called " dill weed " to distinguish it from dill seed ) are used as herbs, mainly in Finland, Sweden, the Baltic, in Russia, and in central Asia.

* 1917 – Finland declares independence from Russia.

* Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Finland from Russia in 1917.

** Diet of Finland, the legislative assembly of the Grand Duchy of Finland from 1809 to 1906

Likewise an almost identical Swedish tale from the 18th century about a golden cross on blue appearing in 1157 during a Swedish battle in Finland.

* 1939 – Winter War: The Soviet Union is expelled from the League of Nations for invading Finland.

European route E 4 passes from north to south through Sweden from the border with Finland, total length.

On the other hand, Finland and Austria joined the Eurozone from the beginning although their currencies were not part of the ECU basket ( since they had joined the EU in 1995, two years after the ECU composition was " frozen ").

The geography of Finland differs from that of other Nordic countries.

Archipelago Finland, consisting of thousands of islands and skerries, extends from the southwestern coast out into the Baltic Sea.

The weight of the continental glaciers depressed the land over which they moved, and even now, a hundred centuries after their recession, Finland is rising up from this great load through the process of isostatic rebound.

The process also means that Finland is growing about seven square kilometres yearly as land emerges from the sea.

Coastal Finland consists of broad clay plains extending from the coast inland, for no more than.