Dwan also helped launch the career of two other very successful Hollywood directors, Victor Fleming, who went on to direct The Wizard of Oz and Gone With the Wind, and Marshall Neilan, who became an actor, director, writer and producer.

Fleming also became convinced that penicillin would not last long enough in the human body ( in vivo ) to kill bacteria effectively.

Fleming also discovered very early that bacteria developed antibiotic resistance whenever too little penicillin was used or when it was used for too short a period.

The Keswicks have maintained a relationship with another prominent Scottish family, the Flemings, of which the author Ian Fleming was also a member.

It was also called a thermionic valve, vacuum diode, kenotron, thermionic tube, or Fleming valve.

Fleming also contributed in the fields of photometry, electronics, wireless telegraphy ( radio ), and electrical measurements.

Boothroyd also gave Fleming advice on the Berns-Martin triple draw shoulder holster and a number of the weapons used by SMERSH and other villains.

The article also compared Fleming unfavourably to John Buchan and Raymond Chandler in both moral and literary measures.

Seymour Fleming, a character in the play Babes in Arms, is also called thus.

He also appeared in other films such as the Ealing comedy The Lavender Hill Mob ( 1951 ) and the 1981 PBS production of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and he had a small role in the musical Chitty Chitty Bang Bang ( 1968 ) which was itself based on a children's book by Bond author Ian Fleming.

He was drawn to the paper, partly because he harboured political aspirations ( the paper ’ s perk as a useful stepping stone to Westminster was, by now, well established ), but also because his father had been a friend of Peter Fleming, its well known columnist.

Fleming also knew of the story of Eugene Karp and his journey on the Orient Express: Karp was a US naval attaché and intelligence agent based in Budapest who, in February 1950, took the Orient Express from Budapest to Paris, carrying a number of papers about blown US spy networks in the Eastern Bloc.

Robert R Kirsch, writing in the Los Angeles Times, also disagreed with Boucher, saying that " the espionage novel has been brought up to date by a superb practitioner of that nearly lost art: Ian Fleming.

It is also postulated to work for Hamito-Semitic ( Fleming 1973 ), Chinese ( Munro 1978 ) and Amerind ( Stark 1973 ; Baumhoff and Olmsted 1963 ).

Cumberland County was also home to the Fleming family, which included Judge John Fleming and his son Judge William Fleming.

It is also the hometown of the pop singer Lucy Fleming, although her family moved in 2007, the family returned in 2011.

* Renée Fleming, a world famous Lyric Soprano who has sung in the world's most prestigious opera houses, and who was featured on the Lord of the Rings soundtrack, was also born in Indiana.

* She has also appeared in several sword and sandal films, including the 1954 film Queen of Babylon in which she was played by Rhonda Fleming, and the 1963 film I am Semiramis in which she was played by Yvonne Furneaux.

In February 1406, the 12 year-old James together with Orkney and Fleming at the head of a large group of followers left the safety of Bishop Wardlaw's protection in St Andrews and journeyed through the hostile Douglas territories of east Lothian — an act probably designed to demonstrate James's royal endorsement of his custodians but also a move by his custodians to further their own interests in the traditional Douglas heartlands.

A family man, deeply attached to his wife and children, he also welcomed his father Andrew Greig Fleming, Andrew's wife and six of their other children who came to join him in Canada two years after his arrival.

Thus, in the novel, one of the children was called Jemima, after the daughter of his previous employer, Hugo Pitman ; the advice Pott gave to his children also echoed that of Fleming: " Never say ' no ' to adventures.

The two loathe each other, but Fleming feels everyone will believe he is innocent if the person publicly known to hate him also argues his innocence.

In 1897 the Pender Laboratory was founding at University College, London and Fleming took up the Pender Chair after the £ 5000 was endowed as a memorial to John Pender, the founder of Cable and Wireless.

A chapel to the Virgin Mary was established in the town itself, sometime before 1379, and was endowed with land at Duntiblae by Sir David Fleming.

James Bond, code name 007, is a fictional character created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve novels and two short story collections.

As the central figure for his works, Ian Fleming created the fictional character of James Bond, an intelligence officer in the Secret Intelligence Service, commonly known as MI6.

Fleming took the name for his character from that of the American ornithologist James Bond, a Caribbean bird expert and author of the definitive field guide Birds of the West Indies ; Fleming, a keen birdwatcher himself, had a copy of Bond's guide and he later explained to the ornithologist's wife that " It struck me that this brief, unromantic, Anglo-Saxon and yet very masculine name was just what I needed, and so a second James Bond was born ".

On another occasion Fleming said: " I wanted the simplest, dullest, plainest-sounding name I could find, ' James Bond ' was much better than something more interesting, like ' Peregrine Carruthers '.

Fleming based his fictional creation on a number of individuals he came across during his time in the Naval Intelligence Division during World War II, admitting that Bond " was a compound of all the secret agents and commando types I met during the war ".

Fleming decided Bond should look a little like both the American singer Hoagy Carmichael and himself and in Casino Royale, Vesper Lynd remarks, " Bond reminds me rather of Hoagy Carmichael, but there is something cold and ruthless.

It was not until the penultimate novel, You Only Live Twice, that Fleming gave Bond a sense of family background.

Fleming did not provide Bond's date of birth, but John Pearson's fictional biography of Bond, James Bond: The Authorized Biography of 007, gives Bond a birth date on 11 November 1920, while a study by John Griswold puts the date at 11 November 1921.

In the James Bond novels and short stories by Ian Fleming and others, Assistant Commissioner Sir Ronald Vallance is a recurring fictional character who works for Scotland Yard.

A noteworthy Cold War spy is the heroic, upper-class James Bond, secret agent 007 of the British Secret Service, a mixture of assassin and counter-intelligence officer introduced in Casino Royale ( 1953 ) by Ian Fleming.

The movie included a tribute to Ian Fleming via a cameo appearance by an unidentified secret agent with the initials " J. B ." The part was played by one-time James Bond George Lazenby who was shown driving Bond's trademark vehicle, an Aston Martin DB5.

** Ian Fleming publishes his first James Bond novel, Casino Royale in the United Kingdom.

* The James Bond series of spy fiction originally created by Ian Fleming

** James Bond novels, the original literary works by Fleming, plus works by other authors after Fleming's death ( usually commissioned by the owner of the Fleming copyrights, a company now known as Ian Fleming Publications )

Many novels in the spy fiction genre have been adapted as films, including works by John Buchan, Le Carré, Ian Fleming ( Bond ) and Len Deighton.

At the same time, the James Bond novels by Ian Fleming were adapted into an increasingly fantastical series of tongue-in-cheek adventure films by producers Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, with Sean Connery as the star.

On 3 September 1928, Fleming returned to his laboratory having spent August on holiday with his family.

On returning, Fleming noticed that one culture was contaminated with a fungus, and that the colonies of staphylococci that had immediately surrounded it had been destroyed, whereas other colonies farther away were normal.

Fleming finally abandoned penicillin, and not long after he did, Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford took up researching and mass-producing it, with funds from the U. S. and British governments.

After producing a Vindication of the English Constitution, and some political pamphlets, Disraeli followed up Vivian Grey with a series of novels, The Young Duke ( 1831 ), Contarini Fleming ( 1832 ), Alroy ( 1833 ), Venetia and Henrietta Temple ( 1837 ).

However, this view has largely been abandoned, with Omotic generally agreed to be an independent branch of Afroasiatic, primarily due to the work of Harold C. Fleming ( 1974 ) and M. Lionel Bender ( 1975 ).

In the early 1970s, largely at the behest of companion Erin Fleming, Groucho had a live one-man show, including one recorded at Carnegie Hall in 1972 and released as a double album, An Evening with Groucho, on A & M Records.

Controversy surrounded the companionship he had developed with Erin Fleming, which consequently raised disputes over his estate.

Selznick had already been unhappy with Cukor (" a very expensive luxury ") for not being more receptive to directing other Selznick assignments, even though Cukor had remained on salary since early 1937 ; and in a confidential memo written in September 1938, four months before principal photography began, Selznick flirted with the idea of replacing him with Victor Fleming.

This has been confirmed by Hollywood biographer E. J. Fleming, who has recounted that, during a particularly difficult scene, Gable erupted publicly, screaming: " I can't go on with this picture.

From 1970 until 1998, Jardine Matheson operated a pan-Asian investment banking joint venture, Jardine Fleming, with Robert Fleming & Co., a London merchant bank controlled by the Fleming family.

Fleming again graduated, this time with a First Class Honours degree in chemistry and physics.

Florey and Chain shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Fleming for their work.

In the 1950s, Desmond Cory and Ian Fleming introduced the secret agent with a licence to kill, the government-sanctioned assassin.

Under the pseudonym " Adam Hall ", Trevor Dudley-Smith wrote the Quiller spy novel series, beginning with The Berlin Memorandum ( US: The Quiller Memorandum, 1965 ), a hybrid of glamour and dirt, Fleming and Le Carré.

In his introduction to the first, The Saint on TV, Charteris called these volumes a team effort in which he oversaw selection of stories, initially adaptations of scripts written the 1962 – 69 TV series The Saint, and with Fleming Lee writing the adaptations ( other authors took over from Lee ).

Cukor was dismissed and replaced by Victor Fleming, with whom Leigh frequently quarrelled.

* January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U. S. missionaries Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim Elliot and Pete Fleming are killed for tresspassing by the Waodani of Ecuador shortly after making contact with them.

Howard Walter Florey, Baron Florey, OM, FRS ( 24 September 1898 – 21 February 1968 ) was an Australian pharmacologist and pathologist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Sir Ernst Boris Chain and Sir Alexander Fleming for his role in the making of penicillin.