My other nugget of art and architectural knowledge -- besides remembering that it was Ghiberti who designed the doors of the baptistery in Florence -- is the three styles of Greek columns.

Based on a statement by Darnley made in 1894, it was believed that a group of Victorian ladies, including Darnley's later wife Florence Morphy, made the presentation after the victory in the Third Test in 1883.

Born in Florence, in 1540, after the death of his father, he was brought up and trained in art by a close friend, often referred to as his ' uncle ', the mannerist painter Agnolo Bronzino, whose name he sometimes assumed in his pictures.

It can be said of late phase mannerist painting in Florence, that the city that had early breathed life into statuary with the works of masters like Donatello and Michelangelo, was still so awed by them that it petrified the poses of figures in painting.

While by 1600 the Baroque elsewhere was beginning to give life to painted figures, Florence was painting two-dimensional statues.

But in this Council, and later, in that of Florence, Ambrose, by his efforts and charity toward some poor Greek bishops, greatly helped to bring about a union of the two Churches, the decree for which, 6 July 1439, he was called on to draw up.

Dom Mabillon's Letters and Orations of St. Ambrose of Camaldoli was published at Florence, 1759.

He was active 1584-1610 in Florence.

His mind was entirely absorbed in the labors of his studio, and, with the exception of his journeys to Paris, one to Vienna, and a few short intervals of absence in Florence and other parts of Italy, he never quit Rome.

John XXIII was acknowledged as pope by France, England, Bohemia, Prussia, Portugal, parts of the Holy Roman Empire, and numerous Northern Italian city states, including Florence and Venice ; however, the Avignon Pope Benedict XIII was regarded as pope by the Kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, and Scotland and Gregory XII was still favored by Ladislaus of Naples, Carlo I Malatesta, the princes of Bavaria, Louis III, Elector Palatine, and parts of Germany and Poland.

The first European Social Forum ( ESF ) was held in November 2002 in Florence.

Charles was born in Florence, Tuscany, where his father was then Grand Duke.

In 1777, boric acid was recognized in the hot springs ( soffioni ) near Florence, Italy, and became known as sal sedativum, with mainly medical uses.

Bartolomeo Ammannati ( 18 June 1511 – 13 April 1592 ) was an Italian architect and sculptor, born at Settignano, near Florence.

He was also named Console of the prestigious Accademia delle Arti del Disegno of Florence, founded by the Duke Cosimo I, at 13 January 1563, under the influence of Vasari.

He was then in the England team which made it to the semi-finals of the 1968 European Championships where they were knocked out by Yugoslavia in Florence.

The family later separated into two branches: Buonaparte-Sarzana, Nobili di Sarzana had been compelled to leave Florence due to the defeat of the Ghibellines and later when Francesco Buonaparte came to Corsica in 16th century and the island was in Genoese possession.

# Joseph Bonaparte ( Corte 1768 – Florence 1844 ), King of Naples and Spain, married Julie Clary, sister of Napoleon's childhood sweetheart, Désirée, who was to become the wife of General Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, the later Charles XIV of Sweden.

That same year Beaux was asked to produce a self-portrait for the Medici collection in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence.

In June 1376 Catherine went to Avignon herself as ambassador of Florence to make peace with the Papal States, but was unsuccessful.

After the East-West Schism, conventionally dated to 1054, a brief reunification was agreed to between the Pope and a number of Eastern Orthodox bishops at the Council of Florence.

The Richard S. Burkes' home in Wayne may be the setting for the wedding reception for their daughter, Helen Lambert, and the young Italian she met last year while studying in Florence during her junior year at Smith college.

Miss Marple also employs young women from a nearby orphanage, whom she trains for service as general housemaids after the retirement of her long-time maid-housekeeper faithful Florence.

Renaissance architects included Alberti, Brunelleschi and Bramante. Many of these artists came from Florence and it remained an important centre for the Renaissance into the 16th century eventually to be overtaken by Rome and Venice.

In the interval he enjoyed the patronage of Ferdinando de ' Medici, for whose private theatre near Florence he composed operas, and of Cardinal Ottoboni, who made him his maestro di cappella, and procured him a similar post at the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome in 1703.

Other anti-war demonstrations were organized by the antiglobalization movement: see for example the large demonstration, organized against the impending war in Iraq, which closed the first European Social Forum in November, 2002 in Florence, Italy.

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Jeremy Bentham, Florence Nightingale and even Queen Victoria are reputed to have stayed there, although there is no real evidence for this.

Her early pious activities in Siena attracted a group of followers, both women and men, while they also brought her to the attention of the Dominican Order, which called her to Florence in 1374 to interrogate her for possible heresy.

The other variants, with the exception of Rufina from the north-east side of Florence and Montalbano in the south of Pistoia, originate in the respective named provinces: Siena for the Colli Senesi, Florence for the Colli Fiorentini, Arezzo for the Colli Aretini and Pisa for the Colline Pisane.

Returning to Italy, the most celebrated doors are those of the Battistero di San Giovanni ( Florence ), which together with the door frames are all in bronze, the borders of the latter being perhaps the most remarkable: the modeling of the figures, birds and foliage of the south doorway, by Andrea Pisano ( 1330 ), and of the east doorway by Ghiberti ( 1425 – 1452 ), are of great beauty ; in the north door ( 1402 – 1424 ) Ghiberti adopted the same scheme of design for the paneling and figure subjects in them as Andrea Pisano, but in the east door the rectangular panels are all filled, with bas-reliefs, in which Scripture subjects are illustrated with innumerable figures, these being probably the gates of Paradise of which Michelangelo speaks.

He returned to Palermo in 1874 and won a competition for a four-year grant, which enabled him to study Renaissance sculpture in Florence.

Also, it is said that Erasmus chose to remain a Roman Catholic because of a lecture he heard from Savonarola, the Dominican friar who was highly influential in Florence for a time.

Martin, after a long stay in Florence, was thus able to enter Rome in September 1420.

* July 7 – Florence of Worcester, long thought to be the author of the chronicle of John of Worcester

This period of accomplishments was followed by a long but slow decline, marked only by the moderate successes of La punizione ( Venice, 1854 ) Il saltimbanco ( Rome, 1858 ) and Niccolò de ' Lapi ( Florence, 1873 ).

A Florence flask has a round bottom with a single long neck.

Its long loggia would have been a rare sight in the tight and curving streets of Florence, not to mention its impressive arches, each about 8 meters high.

Several documents illustrate Isaac ’ s long stay in Florence under the employment of Santa Maria del Fiore and Santissima Annunziata as a singer, and also suggest that he may have developed a close working-relationship with Lorenzo de ’ Medici.

In Florence, Vasari also built the long passage, now called Vasari Corridor, which connects the Uffizi with the Palazzo Pitti on the other side of the river.

In 1530 Emperor Charles V retook Florence after a long siege.

Partially as a result of Laemmle's ingenuity, the " star system " was born and before long, Florence Lawrence became a household name.

His first documented commission, the Cantoria (" Singing Gallery "; 1431 – 1438 ) for the Cathedral of Florence proves that he must have been an accomplished artist long before joining the Sculptors Guild in 1432.

During its long history, this cathedral has been the seat of the Council of Florence ( 1439 ), heard the preachings of Girolamo Savonarola and witnessed the murder of Giuliano di Piero de ' Medici on Sunday, 26 April 1478 ( with Lorenzo Il Magnifico barely escaping death ) in the Pazzi conspiracy.

In Bologna and in Florence, they have developed into a two-week long, tens-of-thousands-people-packed event that has little resemblance to the original political gathering, and are instead two of the biggest attractors for young people in the nearby areas

He launched a long series of wars, with Milan steadily conquering neighbouring states and defeating the various coalitions led by Florence that sought in vain to halt the advance.

Baron's thesis suggests that during these long wars, the leading figures of Florence rallied the people by presenting the war as one between the free republic and a despotic monarchy, between the ideals of the Greek and Roman Republics and those of the Roman Empire and Medieval kingdoms.

The career close to Florence d ' where this stone had been extracted, was closed for a long time.

He stayed for long periods in Florence, Rome, Naples and Venice, making frequent visits to the opera houses and concert halls.

But in view of the fact that our city of Florence, daughter and offspring of Rome, was mounting and pursuing great purposes, while Rome was in its decline, I thought it proper to trace in this chronicle the origins of the city of Florence, so far as I have been able to recover them, and to relate the city's further development at greater length, and at the same time to give a brief account of events throughout the world as long as it please God, in the hope of whose favor I undertook the said enterprise rather than in reliance on my own poor wits.

Nevertheless, on the eighth of November four decrees were published, all of them directed against easy targets: against the followers of the heretical reformers, Jan Hus, recently burnt at the stake at the Council of Constance, safe conduct or no, and against the English followers of John Wyclif, who claimed that the highest authority was the Bible ; against the followers of the schismatic Antipope Benedict XIII ; a decree postponing the negotiations with the Greeks and other Eastern Orthodox churches ( which were later worked into acceptable compromises in the long working sessions of the Council of Florence, 1438 to 1445 ); and a decree advising greater vigilance against heresy, the easiest target of all.

During that long period, his tranquillity was only interrupted by the entrance of the Revolutionary armies into Florence in 1799.

This final Florentine Republic did not last long, however, and after enduring the Siege of Florence by Imperial troops for nine months, in 1530 the city capitulated.

WFNX has a long history of breaking new bands, and being the first in the country to play artists such as Nirvana, The Killers, Franz Ferdinand, Florence and the Machine, Foster the People, Mumford and Sons, and many more.

The parallel Florence project ( Gro Bjerkness & Tone Bratteteig ) started a long line of Scandinavian research projects in the health sector.

It put an end to the long struggles between expansive Milan, under Filippo Maria Visconti, and Venice in the terraferma, which had produced a single decisive Venetian victory, at the battle of Maclodio in 1427, in which the Venetian ally was Florence, but had resulted in no lasting peace: see Wars in Lombardy.