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For a time-dependent process of heating of the calorimetric material, defined by a continuous joint progression of and, starting at time and ending at time, there can be calculated an accumulated quantity of heat delivered,.
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For and time-dependent
For example, we could take A to be the displacement in the x-direction of the electron in a hydrogen atom, in which case the expected value, when multiplied by an appropriate coefficient, gives the time-dependent dielectric polarization of a hydrogen gas.
For time-independent situations, the constraints are also called scleronomic, for time-dependent cases they are called rheonomic.
For a more general field-aligned ellipsoid of radius and length with complex dielectric constant in a medium with complex dielectric constant the time-dependent dielectrophoretic force is given by:
For example, the solution for the time-dependent " start-up " process can be expressed in terms of Bessel functions.
For non-trivial time-dependence, an additional explicitly time-dependent potential is present which can arise, for example, from a time-dependent electric or magnetic field.
For and process
For, if so, the path leads through a complex process of parliamentary diplomacy which adds still another dimension to the problem.
For a chemical process the first of these might involve the concentrations of the different chemical species, and the temperature or pressure of the stream.
For, in the process of decanting, the bottle is only tilted once instead of several or more times at the table: hence, a minimum of the undesirable mixture of wine and dregs.
For some such computational process, the algorithm must be rigorously defined: specified in the way it applies in all possible circumstances that could arise.
For example, the positrons produced in natural radioactive decay quickly annihilate themselves with electrons, producing pairs of gamma rays, a process exploited in positron emission tomography.
For a simple substance, during an adiabatic process in which the volume increases, the internal energy of the working substance must decrease
For this reason, knowing whether a file uses premultiplied or straight alpha is essential to correctly process or composite it.
For Joseph and his supports of Imperial reform, besides encouraging any first buddings of pan-national pride that would unite his multi-lingual and ethnic subjects under one common language ; they also hoped to save a considerable amount of money in the process.
For a steady state process, the rate at which mass enters the volume is equal to the rate at which it leaves the volume.
For the U. S. Government's scientific enterprise, a significant impact of NAPAP were lessons learned in the assessment process and in environmental research management to a relatively large group of scientists, program managers and the public.
For most of human history, pearls were the ultimate precious beads of natural origin because of their rarity, although the pearl-culturing process has now made them far more common.
For these reasons, a setup of bioleaching must be carefully planned, since the process can lead to a biosafety failure.
For example, if in a search task the reaction times vary proportionally with the number of elements, then it is evident that this cognitive process of searching involves serial instead of parallel processing.
For example, in the Haber process, finely divided iron serves as a catalyst for the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen.
For alkenes and similar double bonded molecules, the same prioritizing process is followed for the substituents.
For example, recently several bird classified as threatened with extinction appeared in the legal wild bird trade because the CITES process never considered their status.
For more information on the CBAP certification process please visit the IIBA International website at www. iiba. org
For 2D vector animations, the rendering process is the key frame illustration process, while tweened frames are rendered as needed.
* Poor integration: For many companies, integrations are piecemeal initiatives that address a glaring need: improving a particular client-facing process or two or automating a favored sales or client support channel.
For hundreds of years, the chocolate-making process remained unchanged.
For example, while in a conversion to Judaism a convert must accept basic Jewish principles of faith, and renounce all other religions, the process is more like a form of adoption, or changing national citizenship ( i. e. becoming a formal member of the people, or tribe ), with the convert becoming a " child of Abraham and Sarah.
For English Dominican mystics, the mystical experience was not expressed just in one moment of the full knowledge of God, but in the journey of, or process of, faith.
For electric utilities, it is the first process in the delivery of electricity to consumers.
For and heating
For heating, it was desirable to maximize the temperature and minimize the luminosity.
For example, heating (" cracking ") elemental phosphorus gives diphosphorus, P < sub > 2 </ sub >.
For lower frequencies of EMR up to those of visible light ( i. e., radio, microwave, infrared ), the damage done to cells and also to many ordinary materials under such conditions is determined mainly by heating effects, and thus by the radiation power.
For this reason, infrared, microwaves, and radio waves are thought to damage molecules and biological tissue only by bulk heating, not excitation from single photons of the radiation ( however, there does remain controversy about possible non-thermal biological damage from low frequency EM radiation, see below ).
For low-frequency radiation ( radio waves to visible light ) the best-understood effects are those due to radiation power alone, acting through the effect of simple heating when the radiation is absorbed by the cell.
For example: doors, locks, heating and air conditioning, smoke and fire alarms, fire suppression systems, cameras, barricades, fencing, security guards, cable locks, etc.
For historic reasons, the Mobil brand is still used by Mobil service stations and for fuel ( gasoline, diesel, heating oil, kerosene, aviation fuels and marine fuel ) products.
For example, a thermostat is a temperature-operated switch used to control a heating process.
For distribution transformers, which are smaller and have a smaller insulation weight, resistance heating can be used.
For instance, the oxidation of some oxalate solutions requires heating to to maintain a reasonable rate of reaction.
For example, a domestic ubiquitous computing environment might interconnect lighting and environmental controls with personal biometric monitors woven into clothing so that illumination and heating conditions in a room might be modulated, continuously and imperceptibly.
For a short line, the heating of conductors due to line losses sets a thermal limit.
For instance, a convection oven works by forced convection, as a fan which rapidly circulates hot air forces heat into food faster than would naturally happen due to simple heating without the fan.
For nanowires with diameters less than 10 nm, existing welding techniques, which requiring precise control of the heating mechanism and may introducing the possibility of damage, will be not practical.
For gases it is necessary to distinguish between volumetric heat capacity at constant volume and volumetric heat capacity at constant pressure, which is always larger due to the pressure-volume work done as a gas expands during heating at constant pressure ( thus absorbing heat which is converted to work ).
For example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to the boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume.
: For the common use of RF induction process of heating a metal object by electromagnetic induction, see induction heating
For example, 100 degrees Celsius may be crudely defined by describing the process of heating water at sea level until it is observed to boil.
For example a solar thermal array could heat a swimming pool on a relatively cool morning where heating a domestic hot water cylinder was impractical due to the different stored water temperatures.
For the general public, Suomenlinna is served by ferries all year around, but a service tunnel supplying heating, water and electricity was built in 1982.
For example, in the diagram at the right, the fluid being heated ( exiting top ) has a higher exiting temperature than the cooled fluid ( exiting bottom ) that was used for heating.
For example, to reduce the home owner's electricity usage in peak periods ( when electricity is most expensive ), the software could automatically lower the target temperature of the thermostat on the central heating system ( in winter ) or raise the target temperature of the thermostat on the central cooling system ( in summer ).
For high speed and high power machines, a loss of lubricant can result in rapid bearing heating and damage due to friction.
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