Frank Tipler and John D Barrow used pessimistic numbers and concluded that the average number of civilizations in a galaxy is much less than one.

* John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler, 1986.

Other notable ISCID fellows include philosopher of religion Alvin Plantinga and physics professor and theologian Frank J. Tipler.

Teilhard's term recurs in later writings, such as those of John Godolphin Bennett ( 1965 ), John David Garcia ( 1971 ), Paolo Soleri ( 1981 ), Frank Tipler ( 1994 ), and Ray Kurzweil, as well as in science fiction literature.

Frank Tipler uses the term Omega Point to describe what he maintains is the ultimate fate of the universe required by the laws of physics.

* Frank J. Tipler

Why People Believe Weird Things: Pseudoscience, Superstition, and Other Confusions of Our Time Michael Shermer relates Frank J. Tipler to Voltaire's character Pangloss to show how clever people deceive themselves.

In The Anthropic Cosmological Principle ( 1986, see anthropic principle for details ) John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler identify Whiggishness ( Whiggery ) with a teleological principle, of ' convergence ' in history to liberal democracy.

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# REDIRECT Frank J. Tipler

While references to infinite length cylinders can be found in literature back to 1936, it was Frank Tipler in 1974 who recognized it would allow closed timelike curves and thus allow time travel.

* Frank Jennings Tipler, Causality Violation in General Relativity, Ph. D. thesis at the University of Maryland, College Park ( 1976 ).

* John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler ( 1986.

# REDIRECT Frank J. Tipler # The Omega Point cosmology

Both Frank J. Tipler in his 1994 Omega Point Theory, and Ray Kurzweil in his 2005 book The Singularity is Near, have suggested that the human race will soon ( by the mid 21st century ) evolve into transhuman immortal humanoid robots which will work to eventually turn the entire universe into a gigantic supercomputer.

The theory of the Omega Point devised by physicist Frank J. Tipler, for instance, can only be valid if Zeno machines are possible.

The planter aristocracy has appeared in literature at least since John Pendleton Kennedy published Swallow-Barn in 1832 and in his genial portrait of Frank Meriwether presiding over his plantation dominion initiated the most persistent tradition of Southern literature.

Rep. Frank Kowalski of Connecticut has brought this problem to the attention of the Armed Services Committee.

Nonetheless, as Frank Bowe predicted when he testified as the lead witness on Title III in the Senate hearings leading up to enactment, the fact that Title III calls for accessibility in, and alterations to, thousands of stores, restaurants, hotels, etc., in thousands of communities across the U. S. means that this Title probably has had more effect on the lives of more Americans with disabilities than any other ADA title.

He was a brilliant guy — but a little screwed up ," Frazetta has said ( from The Comic Art of Frank Frazetta, 2008 ).

Ironically, this highly irregular policy ( along with the subsequent fame of Frank Frazetta ) has led to the misconception that his strip was " ghosted " by other hands.

" While Frank Miller has described the relationship between Batman and the Joker as a " homophobic nightmare ," he views the character as sublimating his sexual urges into crimefighting, concluding, " He'd be much healthier if he were gay.

1984 – 2000 ) has even more potential starting points, but is generally agreed to be the publication of Frank Miller's Batman: The Dark Knight Returns and Alan Moore's Watchmen by DC Comics in 1986, as well as the publication of DC's Crisis on Infinite Earths, written by Marv Wolfman with pencils by George Pérez.

Frank Stack's The Adventures of Jesus, published under the name Foolbert Sturgeon, has been credited as the first underground comic.

During this period, which has become known as baseball's dead-ball era, Cub infielders Joe Tinker, Johnny Evers, and Frank Chance were made famous as a double-play combination by Franklin P. Adams ' poem Baseball's Sad Lexicon.

Watson's use of fiction to counter the cults has been repeated by later novelists like Frank Peretti.

" As mentioned above in section on Derrida's deconstruction of Husserl Derrida actually argues for the contamination of pure origins by the structures of language and temporality and Manfred Frank has even referred to Derrida's work as " Neostructuralism " and this seems to capture Derrida's novel concern for how texts are structured.

The FBI has generated files on numerous celebrities including Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, John Denver, John Lennon, Jane Fonda, Groucho Marx, Charlie Chaplin, MC5, Lou Costello, Sonny Bono, Bob Dylan, Michael Jackson, Mickey Mantle, and Gene Autry.

Frank Drake himself has commented that the Drake equation is unlikely to settle the Fermi paradox ; instead it is just a way of " organizing our ignorance " on the subject.

It was this musical film which persuaded Arthur Freed to allow Kelly to make On the Town, where he partnered with Frank Sinatra for the third and final time, creating a breakthrough in the musical film genre which has been described as " the most inventive and effervescent musical thus far produced in Hollywood.

Historian Frank Zelko has commented that " unlike Friends of the Earth, for example, which sprung fully formed from the forehead of David Brower, Greenpeace developed in a more evolutionary manner.

Soon realizing Frank also has money, Scarlett hatches a plot and tells Frank that Suellen has changed her mind about marrying him.

Thereafter Frank succumbs to Scarlett's feminine charms and he marries her two weeks later knowing he has done " something romantic and exciting for the first time in his life.

While Frank has a cold and is being pampered by Aunt Pittypat, Scarlett goes over the accounts at Frank's store and finds many of his friends owe him money.

She has three children, one from each husband: Wade Hampton Hamilton ( son to Charles Hamilton ), Ella Lorena Kennedy ( daughter to Frank Kennedy ) and Eugenie Victoria " Bonnie Blue " Butler ( daughter to Rhett Butler ).

Impressionism has also influenced at least some of the music of Manuel de Falla, Paul Dukas, Jean Sibelius, George Butterworth, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Gustav Holst, John Ireland, Cyril Scott, Zoltán Kodály, Ottorino Respighi, Jacques Ibert, Bohuslav Martinu, Olivier Messiaen, Alan Hovhaness, Ned Rorem, György Ligeti, Selim Palmgren, and Toru Takemitsu, among others, as well as jazz musicians such as Bix Beiderbecke, Duke Ellington, Claude Thornhill, Bud Powell, Dave Brubeck, Gil Evans, Bill Evans, Herbie Hancock, Frank Kimbrough, Antônio Carlos Jobim, Shirley Horn and Esperanza Spalding, progressive rock musicians such as King Crimson, Frank Zappa, Pink Floyd, and Yes, the entire genre of post-rock, and electronic artists like Tangerine Dream and Popol Vuh, as well as Aphex Twin and Autechre.