Frankl concludes from his experience that a prisoner's psychological reactions are not solely the result of the conditions of his life, but also from the freedom of choice he always has even in severe suffering.

Frankl also concludes that there are only two races of men, decent men and indecent.

According to Viktor Frankl, the author of Man's Search for Meaning, when a person is faced with extreme mortal dangers, the most basic of all human wishes is to find a meaning of life to combat the " trauma of nonbeing " as death is near.

For Irvin Yalom, Frankl, " who has devoted his career to a study of an existential approach to therapy, has apparently concluded that the lack of meaning is the paramount existential stress.

Frankl ’ s concept is based on the premise that the primary motivational force of an individual is to find a meaning in life.

Frankl also noted the barriers to humanity's quest for meaning in life.

Frankl observed that when person's search for meaning is blocked, it may be psychologically damaging.

According to Frankl, " We can discover this meaning in life in three different ways: ( 1 ) by creating a work or doing a deed ; ( 2 ) by experiencing something or encountering someone ; and ( 3 ) by the attitude we take toward unavoidable suffering " and that " everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the last of the human freedoms – to choose one's attitude in any given set of circumstances ".

On the meaning of suffering, Frankl gives the following example:

When he does this, no matter how miserable they are, their whole demeanor changes, and they remain happy throughout the flight. Overall, Frankl believed that the anxious individual does not understand that his anxiety is the result of dealing with a sense of “ unfulfilled responsibility ” and ultimately a lack of meaning.

Finally Frankl suggests that if goals seem unreachable, an individual loses a sense of future and thus meaning resulting in depression.

Rollo May contended that if a patient could not find his own meaning, Frankl provided a goal for his patient.

Viktor Frankl responded that he combines the prescription of medication, if necessary, with Logotherapy, to deal with the person's psychological and emotional reaction to the illness, and highlights areas of freedom and responsibility, where the person is free to search and to find meaning.

Critical views of the life of Logotherapy's founder, and his work, assume that Viktor Frankl ´ s religious background and experience of suffering prevented him from accepting meaning within the boundaries of the person, therefore, Logotherapy is founded on Viktor Frankl ´ s religious worldview.

In Austria, Viktor Frankl developed an existential therapy called logotherapy ( Frankl, 1964, 1967 ), which focused particularly on finding meaning.

According to Frankl, the book intends to answer the question " How was everyday life in a concentration camp reflected in the mind of the average prisoner?

He suggested that Frankl ’ s therapy presents a plain solution to all of life ’ s problems, an assertion that would seem to undermine the complexity of human life itself.

Viktor Frankl openly spoke and wrote on religion and psychiatry, throughout his life, and specifically in his last book “ Man ’ s Search for Ultimate Meaning ” ( 1997 ).

" Frankl stated: " Freedom, however, is not the last word.

Frankl was the founder of logotherapy, which is a form of existential Analysis, the " Third Viennese School of Psychotherapy ".

Man's Search for Meaning is a 1946 book by Viktor Frankl chronicling his experiences as a concentration camp inmate and describing his psychotherapeutic method of finding a reason to live.

Frankl identifies three psychological reactions experienced by all inmates to one degree or another: ( 1 ) shock during the initial admission phase to the camp, ( 2 ) apathy after becoming accustomed to camp existence, in which the inmate values only that which helps himself and his friends survive, and ( 3 ) reactions of depersonalization, moral deformity, bitterness, and disillusionment if he survives and is liberated.

In a group therapy session during a mass fast inflicted on the camp's inmates trying to protect an anonymous fellow inmate from fatal retribution by authorities, Frankl offered the thought that for everyone in a dire condition there is someone looking down, a friend, family member, or even God, who would expect not to be disappointed.

Frankl emphasized that realizing the value of suffering is meaningful only when the first two creative possibilities are not available ( for example, in a concentration camp ) and only when such suffering is inevitablehe was not proposing that people suffer unnecessarily.

Though Frankl admitted that man can never be free from every condition, such as, biological, sociological, or psychological determinants, based on his experience in the Holocaust, he believed that man is “ capable of resisting and braving even the worst conditions ”.

Finally, Frankl believed that at the spiritual level, the depressed man faces tension between who he actually is in relation to what he should be.

Frankl suggested that it is important for the patient to recognize his inclinations toward perfection as fate, and therefore, must learn to accept some degrees of uncertainty.

Péter Frankl ( born 26 March 1953 in Kaposvár, Somogy county, Hungary ) is a Hungarian mathematician and street performer.

Peter Frankl ( born 2 October 1935 ) is a Hungarian-born British pianist.

Frankl is Professor of Piano at the Yale School of Music in New Haven, Connecticut.

Frankl cites two neurotic pathogens: hyper-intention, a forced intention toward some end which makes that end unattainable ; and hyper-reflection, an excessive attention to oneself which stifles attempts to avoid the neurosis to which one thinks oneself predisposed.

* P. Frankl, in Monatsschrift, 1873, p. 491 ;

* Frankl, Viktor ; Man's Search for Meaning ( rev.

Other famous scholars who have taught at the University of Vienna are: Theodor W. Adorno, Manfred Bietak, Theodor Billroth, Ludwig Boltzmann, Franz Brentano, Anton Bruckner, Rudolf Carnap, Conrad Celtes, Viktor Frankl, Sigmund Freud, Eduard Hanslick, Edmund Hauler, Hans Kelsen, Adam František Kollár, Johann Josef Loschmidt, Fran Miklošič, Oskar Morgenstern, Otto Neurath, Johann Palisa, Pope Pius II, Baron Carl von Rokitansky, August Schleicher, Moritz Schlick, Ludwig Karl Schmarda, Joseph von Sonnenfels, Josef Stefan, Leopold Vietoris, Jalile Jalil, Carl Auer von Welsbach, and Olga Taussky-Todd.

The founder of logotherapy, Viktor Frankl, may have well exemplified this definition.

Though logotherapy wasn ’ t intended to deal with severe disorders, Frankl believed that logotherapy could benefit even those suffering from schizophrenia.

Frankl believed that those suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder lack the sense of completion that most other individuals possess.

* ( 1946 ) In Viktor Frankl's Man's Search for Meaning, Frankl, a Nazi concentration camp prisoner and trained psychiatrist, treats fellow prisoners for delirium due to typhus, whilst being an on-again, off-again sufferer himself.

He influenced notable figures in subsequent schools of psychotherapy such as Rollo May, Viktor Frankl, Abraham Maslow and Albert Ellis.

For instance, the Austrian neurologist and logotherapist Viktor Frankl once noted the case of a man with a sexual fetish involving, simultaneously, both frogs and glue.

Produced by Paul Frankl, and presented by Ivan Hewett with research by Ruth Thomson, this feature was based on interviews with four who knew Kleiber well: tenor and conductor Plácido Domingo, music administrator and Intendant Sir Peter Jonas, music journalist and critic Christine Lemke-Matvey, and conductor – pianist Charles Barber.

Viktor Frankl, neurologist, psychiatrist, author, and founder of logotherapy and one of the key figures in existential therapy, in his book Man's Search for Meaning recommended " that the Statue of Liberty on the East Coast ( that has become a symbol of Liberty and Freedom ) should be supplemented by a Statue of Responsibility on the West Coast.

Viktor Frankl later added Self-transcendence to create his own version of Maslow's Hierarchy.

Psychiatrist Victor Frankl and psychologist Bruno Bettelheim, both Holocaust survivors, confirmed Gandhi's experience that individuals who neither submit passively nor retaliate to violence find in themselves a new sense of strength, dignity, and courage.

Viktor Emil Frankl, M. D., PhD ( 26 March 1905, Leopoldstadt, Vienna – 2 September 1997, Vienna ) was an Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist as well as a Holocaust survivor.

Frankl became one of the key figures in existential therapy and a prominent source of inspiration for humanistic psychologists.

From 1933 to 1937 Viktor Frankl completed his residency in Neurology and Psychiatry at the Steinhof Psychiatric Hospital in Vienna.

There Frankl worked as a general practitioner in a clinic until his skills in psychiatry were noticed, being then assigned to in the psychiatric care ward, heading the Neurology and Psychiatry clinic in block B IV, establishing a camp service of " psychohygiene " or mental health care.

On 19 October 1944, Frankl, with his wife, Tilly, was transported to the Auschwitz concentration camp, where he was processed and then he was moved to Kaufering, a Nazi concentration camp affiliated with Dachau concentration camp, where he arrived on 25 October 1944.

He decided to go to Türkheim, where he worked as a doctor until 27 April 1945, when Frankl was liberated by the Americans.

Liberated after three years in concentration camps, Frankl returned to Vienna.

This conclusion served as a strong basis for his Logotherapy and Existential Analysis, which Frankl had described before WWII.

He lectured and taught seminars all over the world and received 29 honorary doctorate degrees. Frankl published 39 books ( translated into as many as 40 languages ).

Frankl died on 2 September 1997, of heart failure and was survived by his wife Eleonore, his daughter Dr. Gabriele Frankl-Vesely, his grandchildren Katharina and Alexander, and his great-granddaughter Anna Viktoria.

* Frankl, Viktor Man's Search for Meaning.