Since I have already discussed his moral position, that discussion is incorporated by reference into the following pages, which will focus on the empirical and analytic side of Fromm's treatment.

In view of these shortcomings in both the amount and the interpretation of survey-type findings on public opinion, and considering the criticisms which can be brought against Fromm's philosophical anthropology, such a passage as the following cannot be taken seriously.

The point is that in a system such as Fromm's which recognizes unconscious motivations, and which rests on certain ethical absolutes, empirical data can be used to support whatever proposition the writer is urging at the moment.

This sort of manipulation is especially troublesome in Fromm's work because, although his system is derived largely from certain philosophic convictions, he asserts that it is based on empirical findings drawn both from social science and from his own consulting room.

Fromm's best known work, Escape from Freedom, focuses on the human urge to seek a source of authority and control upon reaching a freedom that was thought to be an individual ’ s true desire.

Depicting different types of “ economic man ” ( each depending on the social context ) is in fact possible with the help of cultural anthropology, and social psychology ( a branch of psychology economists have strangely ignored ), if only those types are contrived as socially and / or historically determined abstractions ( such as Weber's, Korsch's, and Fromm's concepts of Idealtypus, “ historical specification ”, and “ social character ”).

Nevertheless, after the lessons of a failed assassination attempt on March 13, 1943, Olbricht felt that the original coup plan was inadequate and that the Reserve Army should be used in the coup even without Fromm's cooperation.

In the mid to late 1980s, Fromm's organizations were involved in advocacy on behalf of South Africa's apartheid regime, and opposing the movement to impose economic sanctions on the country.

The Supreme Court of Canada rejected Fromm's application to appeal the judgement on April 23, 2009.

Beginning with his first seminal work of 1941, Escape from Freedom ( known in Britain as Fear of Freedom ), Fromm's writings were notable as much for their social and political commentary as for their philosophical and psychological underpinnings.

Fromm's most popular book was The Art of Loving, an international bestseller first published in 1956, which recapitulated and complemented the theoretical principles of human nature found in Escape from Freedom and Man for Himself — principles which were revisited in many of Fromm's other major works.

Fromm's four non-productive orientations were subject to validation through a psychometric test, The Person Relatedness Test by Elias H. Porter, PhD in collaboration with Carl Rogers, PhD at the University of Chicago's Counseling Center between 1953 and 1955.

" Federal Progressive Conservative immigration critic Chris Speyer said Fromm's remarks were " entirely his and certainly don't represent the views of the party or the caucus.

Taken together, these books outlined Fromm's theory of human character, which was a natural outgrowth of Fromm's theory of human nature.

Central to Fromm's world view was his interpretation of the Talmud, which he began studying as a young man under Rabbi J. Horowitz and later studied under Rabbi Salman Baruch Rabinkow while working towards his doctorate in sociology at the University of Heidelberg and under Nehemia Nobel and Ludwig Krause while studying in Frankfurt.

The culmination of Fromm's social and political philosophy was his book The Sane Society, published in 1955, which argued in favor of a humanistic and democratic socialism.

However, as a co-founder of SANE, Fromm's strongest political activism was in the international peace movement, fighting against the nuclear arms race and US involvement in the Vietnam War.

Noam Chomsky " liked Fromm's attitudes but thought his work was pretty superficial.

In 2000, a published report alleged that developer Martin Weiche, a former leader of the Canadian Nazi Party, was one of Fromm's major financial backers.

On August 19, 2006, Fromm's Port Credit, Ontario home was besieged by dozens of anti-fascist youths, who surrounded the townhouse ; challenging Fromm to come outside.

The area was plastered in flyers advertising Fromm's home address and far-right political affiliations.

Fromm's " productive orientation " was " a fundamental attitude, a mode of relatedness in all realms of human experience.

There are more substantial criticisms to be made of Fromm's account of capitalist civilization.

It is worthwhile to recall that Fromm's treatment has both descriptive and normative aspects.

I shall first indicate a couple of weaknesses in Fromm's analysis, then argue that, granted these weaknesses, he still has much left that is valuable, and, finally, raise the general question of a philosophical versus a sociological approach to the question of alienation.

Fromm's analysis of alienation in the sphere of production centers around the concepts of the bureaucratization of the corporation, the separation of ownership from control, and the broad ( and thus from the point of view of corporate control, ineffective ) dispersion of stock ownership.

Starting from other value premises than Fromm's, some analysts might conclude that the percentages really tell us very little at all, while others might even conclude that the figures are remarkably low.

What matters is that while Fromm's reading of the data is not the only one possible, it is precisely the one we would expect from a writer who earnestly believes that every man can and ought to be happy and satisfied.

One might use such findings to indicate the strength of informal primary associations in the factory, an interpretation which would run counter to Fromm's theory of alienation.

The ambiguities suggested above stem from a more basic difficulty in Fromm's style of thought.

The final example of the failure to use available evidence, though evidence of a different kind from that which has so far been considered, comes from Fromm's treatment of some other writers who have dealt with the same themes.

There is a difference between evidence and illustration, and Fromm's citation of the other diagnosticians fits the latter category.

Turning from these problems of the use of evidence, one meets another type of difficulty in Fromm's analysis, which is his loose and ambiguous use of certain important terms.

The cornerstone of Fromm's humanistic philosophy is his interpretation of the biblical story of Adam and Eve's exile from the Garden of Eden.

Fromm's thesis of the " escape from freedom " is epitomized in the following passage.

However, his relatives were not major court officials ; documents show that El Cid's paternal grandfather, Lain, confirmed only five documents of Ferdinand I's, his maternal grandfather, Rodrigo Alvarez, certified only two of Sancho II's, and El Cid's own father confirmed only one.

His grandfather, an amateur naturalist by the name of Walter Drawbridge Crick ( 1857 – 1903 ), wrote a survey of local foraminifera ( single-celled protists with shells ), corresponded with Charles Darwin, and had two gastropods ( snails or slugs ) named after him.

This mutation, recombination, and the fact that the two chromosome sets ultimately come from either a grandmother or a grandfather on each parental side account for the genetic dissimilarity of siblings.

The decision to place Harry in Eton went against the family tradition of sending royal children to Gordonstoun ( Harry's grandfather, father, two uncles, and two cousins all attended ); it did, however, make the Prince follow in the Spencer family footsteps, as both Diana's father and brother had attended Eton.

His grandfather, Sebald Kepler, had been Lord Mayor of that town but, by the time Johannes was born, he had two brothers and one sister and the Kepler family fortune was in decline.

From 1814 Keats had two bequests held in trust for him until his 21st birthday: £ 800 willed by his grandfather John Jennings ( about £ 34, 000 in today's money ) and a portion of his mother's legacy, £ 8000 ( about £ 340, 000 today ), to be equally divided between her living children.

This can be seen from the fact that he was father to four ( non-reigning ) empresses, uncle to two emperors and grandfather to another three.

With the team for sale, two potential buyers were found in Cablevision and philanthropist Woody Johnson whose grandfather, Robert Wood Johnson II, expanded Johnson & Johnson.

His father competed in nordic combined and cross-country skiing events in the 1964 Winter Olympics, and his grandfather, Jack Shea, won two gold medals in the 1932 Winter Olympics at Lake Placid in speed skating.

As eldest living son, at age 11, Jacob quickly assumed adult responsibilities ( shared with Wilhelm ) for the next two years, adhering to the advice of their grandfather who continually exhorted them to be industrious.

The two leading competitors for the Scottish crown were Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale ( grandfather of the future King Robert the Bruce ) and John Balliol, Lord of Galloway.

Manuel took the precaution – which his grandfather had not taken – of making repairs to the city walls, and pressed the two kings for guarantees concerning the security of his territories.

Tom Jones is the father of two sons and grandfather of two grandchildren.

During Llywelyn's boyhood, Gwynedd was ruled by two of his uncles, who split the kingdom between them, following the death of Llywelyn's grandfather, Owain Gwynedd, in 1170.

Nearly two centuries ago, Ngubengcuka ( d. 1832 ), who ruled as the Inkosi Enkhulu of the Thembu people, married and subsequently left a son named Mandela, who became Nelson's grandfather and the source of his surname.

His father, Joan's grandfather, the Reverend Alberto Baez, left Catholicism to become a Methodist minister and moved to the U. S. when Albert was two years old.

During Baez's next visit to Prague, in April 2007, the two met again when she performed in front of a sold-out house at Prague's Lucerna Hall, a building erected by Havel's grandfather.

Upon Gunthamund's death, he was one of only two living grandsons of Genseric, and inherited the throne in accordance with a law enacted by his grandfather, which bestowed the kingship on the eldest male member of a deceased king's family.

As a result of the two Thomas Lincolns living in Kentucky over a 25-year period between 1789 and 1814, area residents in both Tennessee and Kentucky often confuse Hananiah's son as the father of President Lincoln and Hananiah Lincoln as the paternal grandfather of President Lincoln.

When she was two years old, she moved with her mother and grandfather to the Spreewald forest outside of Berlin.

Shortly after Wade returned, O ' Neal's grandfather died, causing him to miss two games.