[permalink] [id link]
GSM cell site antennas in the Deutsches Museum, Munich, Germany
from
Wikipedia
Some Related Sentences
GSM and cell
GSM is a cellular network, which means that cell phones connect to it by searching for cells in the immediate vicinity.
There are five different cell sizes in a GSM network — macro, micro, pico, femto and umbrella cells.
* AMR ( used by GSM cell carriers, such as T-Mobile )
The technical standard known today was largely created by IDEG ( later WP4 ) as the two recommendations GSM 03. 40 ( the two point-to-point services merged ) and GSM 03. 41 ( cell broadcast ).
Finally, if the mobile is beyond the 35 km cell range in GSM, then the RACH will arrive in a neighbouring time slot and be ignored.
It is this feature, rather than limitations of power, that limits the range of a GSM cell to 35 km when no special extension techniques are used.
GSM is the most common standard and is used for a majority of cell phones.
* Pertaining to GSM and cellular networks, the radio uplink is the transmission path from the mobile station ( cell phone ) to a base station ( cell site ).
* The GSM cellular system combines the use of frequency division duplex ( FDD ) to prevent interference between outward and return signals, with FDMA and TDMA to allow multiple handsets to work in a single cell.
* GSM localization, a technique for determining the location of a user of a cell phone or wireless transceiver
* Cellular Mobile Networks: In cellular mobile communication ( GSM & LTE Systems, for instance ), frequency spectrum is a precious resource which is divided into non-overlapping spectrum bands which are assigned to different cells ( In cellular communications, a cell refers to the hexagonal / circular area around the base station antenna ).
The emergence of the GSM international standard for cell phones in 1990 prompted the beginning of the grey market in the cell phone industry.
The cell phones are typically UMTS and GSM hybrids.
For example, cell planners use this equipment to determine interference sources in the GSM frequency bands and UMTS frequency bands.
* a wireless telephone system such as cellular CDMA or GSM cell site.
* A5 / 1 and A5 / 2 cell phone encryption for GSM
GMSK, which is used by GSM in most of the world's 2nd generation cell phones.
Software includes viewers for Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint and PDF files, a full HTML compatible web browser, and a GPS-like application that generates positioning information from the GSM cell data.
* GSM standard for mobile / cell phones
Vodafone operates a nationwide GSM service in the 900 MHz band, but in certain areas with high demand there are additional GSM services operating in the 1800 MHz band, usually from existing 900 MHz cell sites, to provide more capacity.
GSM and site
Depending on an operator's technology, even a site hosting just a single mobile operator may house multiple base stations, each to serve a different air interface technology ( CDMA2000 or GSM, for example ).
The Rogers Wireless Treo 650 Firmware Update was quietly posted at the Rogers Wireless Treo 650 support site, and shares the same bug fixes and NVFS memory efficiency updates as with the unlocked GSM version.
UMTS service is often provided from the same cell site as 900 MHz and / or 1800 MHz GSM services.
This limited the original range of a GSM cell site to 35km as mandated by the duration of the standard timeslots defined in the GSM specification.
* Two 5-kW units installed at Safaricom GSM site in Katangi and Njabini, Winafrique Technologies, Kenya.
GSM and antennas
Since 31 December 2003, the system has been closed to new users, at that time, it covered 100 % of the Spanish population, but now some antennas have been given to GSM operators.
Indoor coverage is also supported by GSM and may be achieved by using an indoor picocell base station, or an indoor repeater with distributed indoor antennas fed through power splitters, to deliver the radio signals from an antenna outdoors to the separate indoor distributed antenna system.
* Network Measurement Report, the message that is sent by a mobile phone ( e. g. GSM ) to the network containing the signal strengths of the surrounding antennas
The elevated structure typically supports antennas, and one or more sets of transmitter / receivers transceivers, digital signal processors, control electronics, a GPS receiver for timing ( for CDMA2000 / IS-95 or GSM systems ), primary and backup electrical power sources, and sheltering.
Two GSM base station antennas disguised as trees in Dublin, Ireland.
Microconnect distributed antennas ( MDA ) are small-cell local area ( 100 metre radius ) transmitter-receivers usually fitted to lampposts and other street furniture in order to provide Wireless LAN, GSM and GPRS connectivity.
GSM and Deutsches
The hardware of GSM base station displayed in Deutsches Museum
GSM and Germany
The first proposal which initiated the development of SMS was made by a contribution of Germany and France into the GSM group meeting in February 1985 in Oslo.
This proposal was further elaborated in GSM subgroup WP1 Services ( Chairman Martine Alvernhe, France Telecom ) based on a contribution from Germany.
George Schmitt, a former Airtouch executive who launched commercial GSM in Germany, lead a team that introduced texting as a commercial service in New York CIty in 1996.
E-Plus was the second network in Germany to offer prepaid tariffs to its customers ( after T-Mobile's XtraCard ) and later introduced HSCSD, which boosts data rates on GSM networks to analogue modem speed levels.
cell and site
With the ecclesiastical parishes of St Fagan's ( Trecynon ) and Aberaman carved out of the ancient parish, Aberdare had 12 Anglican churches and one Roman Catholic church, built in 1866 in Monk Street near the site of a cell attached to Penrhys monastery, and at one time had over 50 Nonconformist chapels.
Each cell site will use a subset of these channels, and must use a different set than neighboring cells to avoid interference.
* Cell Global Identity, unique identifier of a cell site in cellular networks
They are also involved in determination of cell division site based on the geometry and polarity of the cells.
An axon is a special cellular extension that arises from the cell body at a site called the axon hillock and travels for a distance, as far as 1 m in humans or even more in other species.
When they encounter an infection site the particles gain a positive charge provoked by the slightly acidic environment at the infection sites, allowing them to bind to the negatively charged bacterial cell walls and release antibiotics at locally high concentration.
Many receptors have a binding site exposed on the cell surface and an effector domain within the cell, which may have enzymatic activity or may undergo a conformational change detected by other proteins within the cell.
The authors proposed that both thin ( pain ) and large diameter ( touch, pressure, vibration ) nerve fibers carry information from the site of injury to two destinations in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, and that the more large fiber activity relative to thin fiber activity at the inhibitory cell, the less pain is felt.
A specialized enzyme, sortase, cleaves the target protein at a characteristic recognition site near the protein C-terminus, such as an LPXTG motif ( where X can be any amino acid ), then transfers the protein onto the cell wall.
These result in either the activation of an enzyme in the receptor or the exposure of a binding site for other intracellular signaling proteins within the cell, eventually propagating the signal through the cytoplasm.
For example, cell membrane integrins on circulating leukocytes are maintained in an inactive state to avoid epithelial cell attachment ; they are only activated in response to stimuli such as those received at the site of an inflammatory response.
* Gallus ( 613-648 ) Hermit, the Abbey was built on the traditional site of his cell.
Cut-and-paste TEs may be duplicated if transposition takes place during S phase of the cell cycle when the " donor " site has already been replicated, but the " target " site has not.
In wireless networks or cellular systems, the system spectral efficiency in bit / s / Hz / area unit, bit / s / Hz / site or bit / s / Hz / cell, is the maximum system throughput ( aggregate throughput ) divided by the analog bandwidth and some measure of the system coverage ara.
A cellular network or mobile network is a radio network distributed over land areas called cells, each served by at least one fixed-location transceiver, known as a cell site or base station.
This prevents nearby phagocytes from locating and engulfing the dead cells, leading to a build-up of dead tissue and cell debris at or near the site of the cell death.
* Pertaining to cellular networks, the radio downlink is the transmission path from a cell site to the cell phone.
0.739 seconds.