Galileo announced his discovery that Venus had phases like the Moon in the form " Haec immatura a me iam frustra leguntur-oy " ( Latin: These immature ones have already been read in vain by me-oy ), that is, when rearranged, " Cynthiae figuras aemulatur Mater Amorum " ( Latin: The Mother of Loves Venus imitates the figures of Cynthia the moon ).

< cite id = disputedinjunction > The Vatican archives contain an unsigned copy of a more strongly worded formal injunction purporting to have been served on Galileo shortly after Bellarmine's admonition, ordering him " not to hold, teach, or defend " the condemned doctrine " in any way whatever, either orally or in writing ", and threatening him with imprisonment if he refused to obey .</ cite > However, whether this injunction was ever properly served on Galileo is a subject of much scholarly disagreement.

It is often said that Galileo thought the curve of a hanging chain was parabolic.

In his Two New Sciences ( 1638 ), Galileo says that a hanging cord is an approximate parabola, and he correctly observes that this approximation improves as the curvature gets smaller and is almost exact when the elevation is less than 45 °.

It is known that he was the essential pedagogical influence upon the young Galileo, his eldest son ( cf.

Galileo steadfastly refused to use Marius ' names and invented as a result the numbering scheme that is still used nowadays, in parallel with proper moon names.

Actual proof of the Milky Way consisting of many stars came in 1610 when the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei used a telescope to study the Milky Way and discovered that it is composed of a huge number of faint stars.

The € 20 billion project is named after the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei.

One of the aims of Galileo is to provide a high-precision positioning system upon which European nations can rely, independently from the Russian GLONASS, US GPS, and Chinese Compass systems, which can be disabled in times of war or conflict.

Full completion of the 30 satellites Galileo system ( 27 operational + 3 active spares ) is expected by 2019.

Galileo is intended to provide horizontal and vertical positions measurements within 1 meter precision, and better positioning services at high latitudes than other positioning systems.

On 17 January 2002 a spokesman for the project stated that, as a result of U. S. pressure and economic difficulties, " Galileo is almost dead.

He is quoted saying that Galileo " is a stupid idea that primarily serves French interests ".

Galileo is intended to be an EU GNSS civilian system that allows all users access to it.

The EU's stance is that Galileo is a neutral technology, available to all countries and everyone.

* GIOVE-A is the first GIOVE ( Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element ) test satellite.

This project, named GEO6, is a broad study oriented to the general scientific community, aiming to define and implement new applications of Galileo.

Scientist Carl Sagan, for example, a strong supporter of the Galileo mission, said in 1989 that " there is nothing absurd about either side of this argument.

The famous story in which Galileo is said to have dropped weights from the Leaning Tower of Pisa is apocryphal, but he did find that the path of a projectile is a parabola, and he is credited with conclusions foreshadowing Newton's laws of motion ( such as discovering the property of inertia ).

As a further feature, Galileo will provide a unique global Search and Rescue ( SAR ) function.

However, due to security and technology-independence policy from European Commission, China was, in effect, dis-invited from Galileo and without a return of its monetary investment, a decision that was reinforced by China ’ s move to build its own global system, called Beidou / Compass.

Toulouse is the centre of the European aerospace industry, with the headquarters of Airbus, Galileo positioning system, the SPOT satellite system, ATR ( aircraft manufacturer ), the Aerospace Valley, considered as a cluster global, the city also host l ' Oncopole de Toulouse, the largest cancer research centre in Europe, the European headquarters of Intel and CNES's Toulouse Space Centre ( CST ), the largest space centre in Europe.

Examples of satellite constellations include the Global Positioning System ( GPS ), Galileo and GLONASS constellations for navigation and geodesy, the Iridium and Globalstar satellite telephony services, the Disaster Monitoring Constellation and RapidEye for remote sensing, the Orbcomm messaging service, Russian elliptic orbit Molniya and Tundra constellations, the large-scale Teledesic and Skybridge broadband constellation proposals of the 1990s, and the proposed LEO global backhaul constellation named COMMStellation ™.

The civil portion of the British space programme focused on space science, Earth observation, satellite telecommunications, and global navigation ( for example GPS and Galileo ).

It includes the tools and techniques used in land surveying, remote sensing, cartography, geographic information systems ( GIS ), global navigation satellite systems ( GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Compass ), photogrammetry, geography and related forms of earth mapping.

There are also the planned European Union Galileo positioning system, Chinese Compass navigation system, and Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System.

Although a decision was yet to be reached, on 13 July 2007 EU countries discussed cutting € 548m ($ 755m, £ 370m ) from the union's competitiveness budget for the following year and shifting some of that cash to other parts of the financing pot, a move that could meet part of the cost of the union's Galileo satellite navigation system.

GETR receivers are supplied by Septentrio as well as the first Galileo navigation receivers to be used to test the functioning of the system at further stages of its deployment.

* The United States GPS, European Galileo and Russian GLONASS satellite navigation systems

For testing receivers that will use the new Galileo ( satellite navigation ) there is no alternative, as the real signals do not yet exist.

* Galileo ( satellite navigation )

# REDIRECT Galileo ( satellite navigation )

CNES is taking part in the Galileo navigation programme alongside the European Union and ESA, and — in a wider international context — in the Cospas-Sarsat search-and-rescue system.

DME operation will continue and possibly expand as an alternate navigation source to space-based navigational systems such as GPS and Galileo.

ASI is a participant in many of ESA's programmes in the field of Earth Observation such as ERS-1, ERS-2, ENVISAT, the Meteosat series and the Galileo satellite navigation system.

# REDIRECT Galileo ( satellite navigation )

* Galileo European satellite navigation system,

A Galileo ( satellite navigation ) | Galileo test environment Pseudolite in the Berchtesgaden Alps

* GNSS-2 is the second generation of systems that independently provides a full civilian satellite navigation system, exemplified by the European Galileo positioning system.

* Core Satellite navigation systems, currently GPS ( U. S .), GLONASS ( Russia ), Compass ( China ), and Galileo ( EU ).

Global navigation systems, such as GPS, GLONASS, COMPASS or Galileo, need to take the rotation of the Earth into account in the procedures of using radio signals to synchronize clocks.

SELEX Galileo is a major defence electronics company that specialises in surveillance, protection, tracking, targeting, navigation and control, and imaging systems.

Nowadays, several hundred geodetic satellites are in orbit, supplemented by a large number of remote sensing satellites and navigation systems like GPS and Glonass, which will be followed by the European Galileo satellites in 2013.

Real Time Kinematic ( RTK ) satellite navigation is a technique used in land survey and in hydrographic survey based on the use of carrier phase measurements of the GPS, GLONASS and / or Galileo signals where a single reference station provides the real-time corrections, providing up to centimetre-level accuracy.