Operation of GIOVE-A ensured that Galileo meets the frequency-filing allocation and reservation requirements for the International Telecommunication Union ( ITU ), a process that was required to be complete by June 2006.

The European Commission also announced that the 85 million euro contract for system support covering industrial services required by ESA for integration and validation of the Galileo system had been awarded to Thales Alenia Space.

The telescope also played a role in relaying data from the NASA Galileo mission to Jupiter that required radio-telescope support due to the use of its backup telemetry subsystem as the principal means to relay science data.

After Galileo began using a telescope to examine the sky, it became harder to argue that the heavens were perfect, as Aristotelian philosophy required.

Galileo used smaismrmilmepoetaleumibunenugttauiras for Altissimum planetam tergeminum observavi (" I have observed the most distant planet to have a triple form ") for discovering the rings of Saturn in 1610.

Galileo used smaismrmilmepoetaleumibunenugttauiras for Altissimum planetam tergeminum observavi (" I have observed the most distant planet to have a triple form ") for discovering the rings of Saturn.

He also developed the principles of equilibrium states and centers of gravity, ideas that would influence the Islamic scholars, Galileo, and Newton.

Galileo soon became known through his invention of a hydrostatic balance and his treatise on the center of gravity of solid bodies.

Galileo showed that the path of a projectile follows a parabola, a consequence of uniform acceleration due to gravity.

* 1589 – Galileo Galilei describes a hydrostatic balance for measuring specific gravity.

Their most bitter dispute concerned finding the equation for the path followed by a particle from one point to another in the shortest time, if the particle is acted upon by gravity alone, a problem originally discussed by Galileo.

Galileo Galilei ’ s rejection of Aristotle ’ s law of gravity was based on a case study selected by information-oriented sampling and not random sampling.

The gal is named after Galileo Galilei, a physicist who made the first measurements of the Earth's gravity.

The ideas from this research have had major impact on subsequent solar system exploration ; the Galileo ( Jupiter satellite tour ) mission and the Cassini ( Saturn satellite tour ) were made possible by the gravity assist method.

And I guess one of the reasons we got here today was because of a gentleman named Galileo, a long time ago, who made a rather significant discovery about falling objects in gravity fields.

Galileo arrived at Jupiter on December 7, 1995, via gravitational assist flybys of Venus and Earth, becoming the first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter.

Mainly Galileo Galilei ( 1564 – 1642 ) but also Marin Mersenne ( 1588 – 1648 ), independently, discovered the complete laws of vibrating strings ( completing what Pythagoras and Pythagoreans had started 2000 years earlier ).

* 1609 – Galileo Galilei demonstrates his first telescope to Venetian lawmakers.

The Copernican theory of the solar system – that the Earth revolved annually about the Sun – had received confirmation by the observations of Galileo and Tycho Brahe ( who, however, never accepted heliocentrism ), and the mathematical investigations of Kepler and Newton.

( Blackwell, 1991, p. 127 – 128 ) Galileo agreed.

* Hanging With Galileo – mathematical derivation of formula for suspended and free-hanging chains ; interactive graphical demo of parabolic versus hyperbolic suspensions.

* 1995 – The Galileo spacecraft arrives at Jupiter, a little more than six years after it was launched by Space Shuttle Atlantis during Mission STS-34.

* 1612 – Galileo Galilei becomes the first astronomer to observe the planet Neptune, although he mistakenly catalogued it as a fixed star.

For the quantitative analysis, ten articles were selected at random – circumcision, Charles Drew, Galileo, Philip Glass, heart disease, IQ, panda bear, sexual harassment, Shroud of Turin and Uzbekistan – and letter grades of A – D or F were awarded in four categories: coverage, accuracy, clarity, and recency.

1520 – 1591 ), father of Galileo and the inventor of monody, made use of the method in successfully solving musical problems, firstly, of tuning such as the relationship of pitch to string tension and mass in stringed instruments, and to volume of air in wind instruments ; and secondly to composition, by his various suggestions to composers in his Dialogo della musica antica e moderna ( Florence, 1581 ).

* 1564 – Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer and physicist ( d. 1642 )

* 1633 – Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.

Galileo initially called his discovery the Cosmica Sidera (" Cosimo's stars "), in honour of Cosimo II de ' Medici ( 1590 – 1621 ).

The Propulsion Subsystem was developed and built by Daimler Benz Aero Space AG ( DASA ) ( formerly Messerschmitt – Bölkow – Blohm ( MBB )) and provided by Germany, the major international partner in Project Galileo.

Galileo Galilei ( 1564 – 1642 )

The Italian mathematician, astronomer, and physicist Galileo Galilei ( 1564 – 1642 ) was the central figure in the Scientific Revolution and famous for his support for Copernianism, his astronomical discoveries, and his improvement of the telescope.

* 1633 – The Holy Office in Rome forces Galileo Galilei to recant his view that the Sun, not the Earth, is the center of the Universe.

* 1610 – Galileo Galilei makes his first observation of the four Galilean moons: Ganymede, Callisto, Io and Europa, although he is not able distinguish the last two until the following day.

* 1998 – Data sent from the Galileo spacecraft indicates that Jupiter's moon Europa has a liquid ocean under a thick crust of ice.

* 1991 – The American Galileo spacecraft makes its closest approach to 951 Gaspra, becoming the first probe to visit an asteroid.

* 1847 – Galileo Ferraris, Italian physicist ( d. 1897 )

While the impacts took place on the side of Jupiter hidden from Earth, Galileo, then at a distance of 1. 6 AU from the planet, was able to see the impacts as they occurred.

Instruments on Galileo detected a fireball which reached a peak temperature of about 24, 000 K, compared to the typical Jovian cloudtop temperature of about 130 K, before expanding and cooling rapidly to about 1500 K after 40 s. The plume from the fireball quickly reached a height of over 3, 000 km.

Through such people as Nikola Tesla, Galileo Ferraris, Oliver Heaviside, Thomas Edison, Ottó Bláthy, Ányos Jedlik, Sir Charles Parsons, Joseph Swan, George Westinghouse, Ernst Werner von Siemens, Alexander Graham Bell and Lord Kelvin, electricity was turned from a scientific curiosity into an essential tool for modern life, becoming a driving force for the Second Industrial Revolution.

Galileo, seeking patronage from his now-wealthy former student and his powerful family, used the discovery of Jupiter ’ s moons to gain it.

One of the aims of Galileo is to provide a high-precision positioning system upon which European nations can rely, independently from the Russian GLONASS, US GPS, and Chinese Compass systems, which can be disabled in times of war or conflict.

The first satellites bear the names of eleven-year-old Thijs from Belgium and nine-year-old Natalia from Bulgaria who are the first winners of the European Commission's Galileo children's drawing competition.

In 1999, the different concepts ( from Germany, France, Italy and the United Kingdom ) for Galileo were compared and reduced to one by a joint team of engineers from all four countries.

Although a decision was yet to be reached, on 13 July 2007 EU countries discussed cutting € 548m ($ 755m, £ 370m ) from the union's competitiveness budget for the following year and shifting some of that cash to other parts of the financing pot, a move that could meet part of the cost of the union's Galileo satellite navigation system.

The think tank Open Europe has estimated the total cost of Galileo from start to completion, and then running it over a 20 year period, at a € 22. 2 billion, which will be borne entirely by taxpayers.

The first two Galileo In-Orbit Validation satellites were launched by Soyuz ST-B flown from Guiana Space Centre on October 21, 2011.

However, due to security and technology-independence policy from European Commission, China was, in effect, dis-invited from Galileo and without a return of its monetary investment, a decision that was reinforced by China ’ s move to build its own global system, called Beidou / Compass.

Letter from Paul Wolfowitz to the Minister ( government ) | Ministers of the Member State of the European Union | EU states from December 2001 as part of the US-lobbying campaign against Galileo

One of the reasons given for developing Galileo as an independent system was that position information from GPS can be made significantly inaccurate by the deliberate application of universal Selective Availability ( SA ) by the US military ; this was enabled until 2000, and can be re-enabled at any time.

Despite suffering from antenna problems, Galileo conducted the first asteroid flyby near 951 Gaspra and discovered the first asteroid moon, Dactyl, around the asteroid 243 Ida.

Galileo furthermore discovered that Jupiter's faint ring system consists of dust from impacts on the four small inner moons.

The differing distances from Jupiter afforded by these orbits allowed Galileo to sample different parts of the planet's extensive magnetosphere.

One section of the spacecraft rotated at 3 rpm, keeping Galileo stable and holding six instruments that gathered data from many different directions, including the fields and particles instruments.

As the launch of Galileo neared, anti-nuclear groups, concerned over what they perceived as an unacceptable risk to the public's safety from Galileo's RTGs, sought a court injunction prohibiting Galileo's launch.

The camera system was designed to obtain images of Jupiter's satellites at resolutions from 20 to 1, 000 times better than Voyager's best, because Galileo flew closer to the planet and its inner moons, and because the more modern CCD sensor in Galileos camera was more sensitive and had a broader color detection band than the vidicons of Voyager.

The following information was taken directly from NASA's Galileo legacy site.