Garfield's detractors later claimed his concept was flawed.

Years later, in 1880, correspondence was uncovered indicating that Garfield's influence had been sought in the matter and obtained.

In varying degrees, all would become influential in Garfield's later career.

The article " El ajusticiamiento de Guiteau ," an account of President Garfield's murderer's trial, was published in La Opinion Liberal in 1881, and later selected for inclusion in The Library of America's anthology of American True Crime writing.

He also had roles in one of Laurel and Hardy's later films The Big Noise ( 1944 ), and the Warner Bros. movies Humoresque ( 1946 ), playing John Garfield's character as a child, and The Treasure of the Sierra Madre ( 1948 ), playing the Mexican boy who sells Humphrey Bogart a winning lottery ticket and getting a glass of water thrown in his face in the process.

Educated at private schools in Cleveland and Connecticut, she in 1888 married Joseph Stanley-Brown, presidential secretary during Garfield's term, later an investment banker.

In 1960, Eugene Garfield's Institute for Scientific Information ( ISI ) introduced the first citation index for papers published in academic journals, first the Science Citation Index ( SCI ), and later the Social Sciences Citation Index ( SSCI ) and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index ( AHCI ).

The Garfield's lived there until the house was demolished in 1926 to make way for Wesley Hall, a girls ' dormitory for Albion College, later expanded for the use of all Albion College freshmen.

Rep. Garfield's handwriting on evidence used during the Gold Panic investigation in 1870

The building they are in used to be an Italian restaurant called " Mama Leoni's Italian Restaurant ", which is Garfield's birthplace and also where he discovered a love for lasagna.

On the eve of the election the Democrats widely published a letter — allegedly over Garfield's signature — which favored Chinese immigration, in an attempt to affect the outcome of the election.

Former President Ulysses S. Grant, an ally of Sen. Conkling, notified President Garfield by letter that he disapproved of Blaine's nomination and staunchly opposed Garfield's appointment of Robertson as the port of New York's customs collector.

This change has essentially affected Garfield's design ; who underwent a " Darwinian evolution " in which he began walking on his hind legs, " slimmed down ", and " stopped looking [...] through squinty little eyes ".

On some occasions, however, he is depicted more intelligently, as one strip, in which he holds a heavy rock to prevent Garfield from doing this, and actually hurts Garfield's foot.

Many of the gags focus on Garfield's obsessive eating and obesity ; his hate of Mondays, diets, and any form of exertion ; his constant shedding ( which constantly annoys Jon ); and his abuse of Odie and Jon as well as his obsession with mailing Nermal to Abu Dhabi.

Every week before June 19, the strip focuses on Garfield's birthday, which he dreads because of his fear of getting older.

Although SNL's use is perhaps the most widely known, it is predated by the "' John Garfield Still Dead ' syndrome ," which originated as a result of extensive coverage in the wake of the actor John Garfield's death and funeral in 1952.

" Garfield's parents joined Disciples of Christ Church, which profoundly influenced their son.

At the outset, Garfield's relationship with the newly inaugurated President was cool on both sides ; Grant refused a requested post office appointment which Garfield recommended ; Garfield, out of loyalty to his army commander, still harbored some resentment for Grant's dismissal of Rosecrans.

Federal appointees of Garfield volunteered to man the organization to garner support for Garfield's nomination, which as a result seemed assured.

Garfield's report, along with others, created enough doubt to change the election results in that state, as well as in Florida, South Carolina, and Oregon ; these states then were saddled with two conflicting slates of electoral votes, which under the Constitution made Congress the final arbiter of the election.

At the time of Garfield's residence in the office, the President's annual salary was $ 50, 000, which would be largely consumed for the operation of the White House.

Snow covered much of the Capitol grounds during Garfield's inauguration, which had a low turnout of about 7, 000 people.

At John Garfield's suggestion of opening a servicemen's club in Hollywood, Davis — with the aid of Warner, Cary Grant and Jule Styne — transformed an old nightclub into the Hollywood Canteen, which opened on October 3, 1942.

The second theory holds that after Garfield's death in 1881, a new train station was named in his honor, which in turn led to the surrounding area becoming associated with his name as well.

Despite a widespread belief that Vice President Chester A. Arthur was a puppet of the Stalwart factions of the Republican Party, and particularly New York Senator Roscoe Conkling, Garfield's cabinet at least informally discussed scenarios under which Arthur could act as President.

* In Leon Garfield's Smith, in which the setting is at some point in Old Bailey.

* Leon Garfield's Smith ( 1967 ), which deals with London's underworld, highwaymen and footpads, contains a blind justice.

The book Twenty Years and Still Kickin, which marked Garfield's twentieth year, included parodies of how Lyman left such as, " Had lunch with Jimmy Hoffa and then ...".

* Arbuckle: Garfield through Jon's eyes is a daily webcomic in which fans send a redrawing of a Garfield strip with Garfield's thought bubbles removed.

Ellen and Garfield develop a close friendship that approaches the beginnings of a relationship, but which is stymied by Garfield's diffident and destabilizing behavior, likely arising from post-traumatic stress disorder and his confrontations with the K. O. S .. Garfield's past also garners him the unwanted admiration of Dave Childress, a burned-out, alcoholic history teacher who carries and keeps guns at the school.

The book adaptation, which retains the original title " Garfield's Thanksgiving ," deviates in the following ways:

Salmon P. Chase was Garfield's ally until Johnson's impeachment trial.

Thus, Garfield's very close friend distinctly became a political adversary, though he persevered with the economic and financial views he had earlier learned from Chase.

After Garfield's term ended, Lucretia moved to Washington to be with her husband, and the two, thereafter, never lived apart.

Once the Republicans captured the legislature, Garfield's victory was never in doubt ; he was elected to the Senate by acclamation.

In one strip, while Garfield confesses how good friend Odie was as Odie never minds Garfield playing tricks on him, Odie slyly pastes a note on Garfield's back that reads " KICK ME ".

Thomas Nichol, Wharton Barker, and Benjamin Harrison were widely considered to be the primary architects of Garfield's ascendancy during the convention, but no one could have controlled this unpredictable outcome for such a dark horse — one who had personally objected at every step.

In 2007, the CGI movie Garfield Gets Real was released, followed by Garfield's Fun Fest in 2008, and Garfield's Pet Force in 2009.

Another approach, known as " Silent Garfield ", involves removing Garfield's thought balloons from the strips.

A television cartoon show, Garfield and Friends aired for seven seasons from 1988 to 1994 ; this adaption also starred Music as the voice of Garfield, one of the very last times Lorenzo Music would voice the character was in Garfield's Phone Messages from the Official Garfield site before his death.

Sega also made video games based on Garfield for the Genesis ( Garfield Caught in the Act ) and Windows 3. 1 computers, as well as other companies made games, such as A Tale of Two Kitties for the DS, published by Game Factory, Garfield's Nightmare for DS, Garfield's Funfest for DS, and Garfield Labyrinth for Game Boy.

Gags in the strips commonly deal with Garfield's obesity ( in one strip, Jon jokes, " I wouldn't say Garfield is fat, but the last time he got on a Ferris wheel, the two guys on top starved to death "), and his hatred of any form of exertion or work.

Odie is usually portrayed as naïve, happy, affectionate and blissfully unaware of Garfield's cynical, sadistic nature, despite the physical abuse Garfield exhibits toward him, including regularly kicking him off the kitchen table or tricking him into going over the edge himself.

In the December 1997 issue of Dragon Magazine, in an article on Garfield's trading card game patent application, it was reported that Garfield is the great-great-grandson of U. S. President James A. Garfield ( 1831 – 81 ), and that his great-uncle invented the paper clip.

Garfield's last Congressional session was devoted primarily to ensuring that Hayes ' vetoes of Democratic appropriations were sustained ; presumably Garfield succeeded, as he named his new dog " Veto ".