Idealists are skeptics about the physical world, maintaining either: 1 ) that nothing exists outside the mind, or 2 ) that we would have no access to a mind-independent reality even if it may exist ; the latter case often takes the form of a denial of the idea that we can have unconceptualised experiences ( see Myth of the Given ).

Given the complexity of the calculations involved and the convoluted structure that a convertible bond can have, an arbitrageur often relies on sophisticated quantitative models in order to identify bonds that are trading cheap versus their theoretical value.

Given the bias of the Victorian age, female students were denied direct study in anatomy and could not attend drawing classes with live models ( who were often prostitutes ) until a decade later.

Given these connotations, dandyism can be seen as a political protestation against the rise of levelling egalitarian principles, often including nostalgic adherence to feudal or pre-industrial values, such as the ideals of " the perfect gentleman " or " the autonomous aristocrat ", though paradoxically, the dandy required an audience, as Susann Schmid observed in examining the " successfully marketed lives " of Oscar Wilde and Lord Byron, who exemplify the dandy's roles in the public sphere, both as writers and as personae providing sources of gossip and scandal.

Given the radically different motivating assumptions, it may come as a surprise that ESSes and Nash equilibria often coincide.

Given that the coiled texture is the natural state of some African Americans ' hair, or perceived as being more " African ", this simple style is now often seen as a sign of self-acceptance and an affirmation that the beauty norms of the ( eurocentric ) dominant culture are not absolute.

Given the tendency for real negotiations in Japan to be conducted privately ( in the nemawashi, or root binding, process of consensus building ), the shingikai often represented a fairly advanced stage in policy formulation in which relatively minor differences could be thrashed out and the resulting decisions couched in language acceptable to all.

Given a simple mathematical or functional description of an input or output to a system, the Laplace transform provides an alternative functional description that often simplifies the process of analyzing the behavior of the system, or in synthesizing a new system based on a set of specifications.

Given the definition of morpheme as " the smallest meaningful unit " Nanosyntax aims to account for idioms where it is often an entire syntactic tree which contributes " the smallest meaningful unit.

Given fixed resources, it is often better to spend more time collecting additional training data and more informative features than it is to spend extra time tuning the learning algorithms.

Given the complexity of NLP problems, it is often difficult to predict performance only on the basis of glass-box evaluation, but this type of evaluation is more informative with respect to error analysis or future developments of a system.

Given the difficulty in treating scleroderma, treatments with a smaller evidence base are often tried to control the disease.

Given a parameter or hypothesis about which one wishes to make inference, statistical inference most often uses:

Given its exposed spot on the top of Stow Hill, the town is often referred to with the couplet " Stow on the Wold, where the winds blow cold and the cooks can't roast their dinners ", but there is no source for this.

Given the fact that many of the royal depictions of Akhenaten often featured such an elongated head, it is likely an exaggeration of a family trait, rather than a distinct abnormality.

Given that multiple people often consume food from the same source, it is common for more than a single person to be affected simultaneously.

Given to Graham with the working title " Ballet for Martha ," it was named by her for the scenario she had in mind, though Copland often said he was thinking of neither Appalachia nor Spring while he wrote it.

Given these costs, governments are sometimes hesitant to participate, because benefits are often assumed not to outweigh the costs.

* Toys: Given their ability to counteract the force of gravity at close range, magnets are often employed in children's toys, such as the Magnet Space Wheel and Levitron, to amusing effect.

Given inconsistencies and the lack of reliable data and completely contradicting and unpredictable behavior, the true nature of ball lightning is still unknown and was often regarded as a fantasy or a hoax.

Given that their favorite prey are often mammals or birds that hesitate to fly, unsurprisingly most of their prey is killed on the ground and some prey may even pursued on foot for a short distance by the eagle.

Given the philosophical definition that knowledge differs from belief ( knowledge is often defined as a justified, true belief ), Dorff's works explicitly analyze epistemological questions.

Given a set of elements, it is often useful also to retrieve all of their descendents.

Given Harry Evans Sr .' s destructive character, Mary Evans would often leave home with her sons to nearby Somerville, to stay with her sister Justine and the Epps family.

Given the sport's origins, Irish-bred and trained horses remain a dominant force in national hunt racing today.

Given that the prominent Uranians were trained Classicists, I consider ludicrous the view, widely held, that ‘ Uranian ’ derives from the German apologias and legal appeals written by Karl-Heinrich Ulrichs in the 1860s, though his coinage Urning — employed to denote ‘ a female psyche in a male body ’ — does indeed derive from the same Classical sources, particularly the Symposium.

Given a new life, Michael is kept in an apartment where he is trained by government experts, led by Dr. Theodore Morris, in the art of espionage.

Given the oversight authority granted to DCAA, auditors are trained to spot access to records violations.

Given that she was not trained or welcome in the hunting parties among Broud's clan, she must invent, for each new case, new techniques.

Given that France maintained a strong standing army, and that Prussia and the other German states would need weeks to mobilise their conscript armies, the French held the initial advantage of troop numbers and experience.

Given the massing of the Muslim armies at Yarmouk, however, Vahan had little choice but to respond in kind.

Given Soviet losses, there was rough numerical parity between the two armies ; and by the time of the battle of Warsaw Poles might have even had a slight advantage in numbers and logistics.

Given the utility of the design in combat in China, the Imperial Japanese Army was therefore content to retain the Type 94, although the design, and indeed the concept of the tankette, came to be regarded as obsolescent in Western armies.

Given Soviet losses, there was rough numerical parity between the two armies ; and by the time of the battle of Warsaw Poles might have even had a slight advantage in numbers and logistics.

Given the great variety in Japanese armour, sashimono were used to provide a sense of “ uniform ” to the armies.

Given that Arbogast and Eugenius had began openly celebrating paganism again, Theodosius I sought fit to justify his actions against Arbogast and Eugenius as a Holy War, and set off through the Justinian Alps with his armies to eliminate both of his adversaries from their respective commands at the Battle of the Frigidus in 394.

Given that many journeys are for relatively short distances, there is considerable scope to replace car use with walking or cycling, though in many settings this may require some infrastructure modification, particularly to attract the less experienced and confident.

Given the same bullet and cartridge, a faster burning powder will generally use a smaller charge of powder than required with a slower powder.

Given the choice between nylon and gut, many luthiers prefer to use gut, as it conforms more readily to the sharp angle at the edge of the fingerboard.

" Given a memex, a scholar could create her own knowledge tools as connections within reams of information, share these tools, and use complexes of tools to create yet more sophisticated knowledge that could in turn be deployed toward this work.

Given that millions of organic compounds are known, rigorous use of systematic names can be cumbersome.

Given the use of similar symbols on the Roman standard, this depiction also conveyed another victory, namely that of the Christian faith: the Roman soldiers who had once arrested Jesus and marched him to Calvary now walked under the banner of a resurrected Christ.

Given a particular wing and its velocity through the air, debates over which mathematical approach is the most convenient to use can be misperceived by novices as differences of opinion about the basic principles of flight.

Given the outstanding success of the Zeppelin design, the term zeppelin in casual use came to refer to all rigid airships.

Given the questioning of Antisemitism in the speech and also the Nazi use of the play for antisemitic propaganda purposes, the quote is seen as particularly poignant and symbolic.

Given the circumstances, the Ghent Altarpiece is a difficult work to use for comparison when assessing other attributions, especially as several other artists from the brothers ' workshops probably worked on it as well.

Given the low cost of the materials and manufacturing methods, inexpensive magnets ( or non-magnetized ferromagnetic cores, for use in electronic components such as radio antennas, for example ) of various shapes can be easily mass-produced.

Given Switzerland's particularly strong opinions on who is " Swiss " and who is " other ", it is easy to see that groups such as Stoffunita make use of the fact that hip hop " is still considered a voice for the oppressed " as hip hop scholar and author Jeff Chang notes.

Given that Maxwell's textbook was written before the discovery of the electron, it is understandable that Maxwell exhibits what ( in terms of modern knowledge ) is inconsistency in the use of the term " electromotive force ".

Given that, the Culture had intended all along to use him to discredit the brutality of the Azadian system by publicly giving the lie to the game's representation of social reality.

The school staff is also proposing a new name for this technique: " Given that ' piercing ' is an unfortunate mistake in the veneering world, we chose to use the word " Fusion " instead, by which term the artist expresses his intention of sanding through the veneer as a decorative, textural effect, not as a mistake.

Given this inherent distortion, it is not unusual for a television or video projector to truthfully claim a linear contrast ratio ( difference between darkest and brightest output levels ) of 1000: 1 or greater, equivalent to 10 bits of audio precision even though it may only accept signals with 8-bit precision and use an LCD panel that only represents 6 or 7 bits per channel.

Given the development of the metropolitan area, further plans feature the creation of a light rail track between Gilău and Jucu that will use these modernised tracks in the city.

Given the theoretical ' fog ' around this issue, in practice most industry practitioners rely on some form of proxy for the risk free rate, or use other forms of benchmark rate which are presupposed to incorporate the risk free rate plus some risk of default.

Given a commutative diagram, a proof by diagram chasing involves the formal use of the properties of the diagram, such as injective or surjective maps, or exact sequences.

Given that they were illegally confined, the Africans were entitled to take whatever legal measures necessary to secure their freedom, including the use of force.

Given the more widespread social use, in the English language, of the word condom, it is interesting to note that the town is located on the river Baïse ; baise, without the diaeresis, is a French vulgarism for a sexual act.

Given that humanity cannot exist except within a covenantal relationship with God, and all covenants use symbols to give us " the attestation of his grace ", he gives the tree, " not because it could confer on man that life with which he had been previously endued, but in order that it might be a symbol and memorial of the life which he had received from God.

Given the current employment opportunities, it is not likely that the number of specialists in SA Indian languages will increase fast enough to document most of the surviving SA languages before they go out of use, as most of them unavoidably will.