Given the importance of the seasonal gift-giving to the U. S. economy, one driven largely by consumer spending, and with the music industry making at least 40 percent of its annual revenue in the fourth quarter culminating at Christmas, demands for increased revenues motivates the shift.

Given that he never reigned, his brother Nicholas II is regarded as the last actual, or de facto Tsar of Russia, and Michael is relegated to a largely forgotten footnote of history.

" Given that the parched region of the Gran Chaco ( largely uninhabited ) had been under dispute between Bolivia and Paraguay ever since the creation of both republics, each proceeded to establish a line of small garrisons ( fortines ), simply to establish a national presence and press their claims.

Given the few roads and railroad lines, the nearly waterless and largely unpopulated Atacama Desert was difficult to occupy.

Given these early transportation difficulties, the U. District was largely self-sufficient, with area businesses for people with ties to the University.

" Given that the industrial settlement he introduced remained largely unaltered by successive postwar administrations until the reforms of Margaret Thatcher's government in the mid-1980s, this was a prescient remark.

Given the slight numerical and technological advantage of the Luftwaffe over its enemies in 1939-1941, its success during these years can largely be attributed to extensive officer and staff training programs along with the experiences of the Condor Legion in Spain.

Given the almost complete elimination of 15th century music manuscripts in England, largely by Henry VIII during the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 1530s, it is not surprising that most of Morton's music survives in sources from the Continent, and if he was ever active as a musician in his native land, all trace is lost.

Given the Court's First Amendment holding, that issue is largely academic.

Given their subject matter and lurid approach, Fisher's films, though commercially successful, were largely dismissed by critics during his career.

Given the largely pro-China status of the Election Committee, it became common for the favoured candidate of the Chinese government to get elected unopposed.

Given that the North Shore portions of the riding were largely affluent and upper middle class in character and normally a Liberal bastion, Douglas ' strong showing is not so surprising given the working-class and labour background of much of even the better-off parts of the riding in Burnaby.

Given its ineffectiveness on that occasion, the strategy was then largely forgotten, aside from the fact that Maverick player Bubba Wells, whose assignment it had been to foul Rodman, set the all-time NBA record for fewest minutes played ( 3 ) in fouling out of a game.

Given the San Gabriel Valley's rapidly increasing population of Asian-Americans ( largely Chinese-Americans ), several business districts were developed to serve their needs.

Given the avalanche of canon material which has come since the mid-1980s-the television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, Star Trek: Voyager and Enterprise, several subsequent theatrical films and a library of novelisations-FASA's interpretation of Star Trek has largely been forgotten except by a handful of die-hard fans.

Given that Bonhoeffer was hanged by the Nazis at 39, a relatively young age, as well as the fact that Bonhoeffer's work was mostly " behind the scenes " rather than in the forefront of the Confessing Church movement, he was largely unknown in Germany and internationally.

Given the closeness shared by the countries bordering the Mediterranean basin, and very topical interest to the consolidation of the European Union's enlargement policy, he also intended to establish trade relations with the Republic of Malta aimed at encouraging mutual knowledge and awareness in a profitable way their local communities on European issues of common interest and current.

Given the shared nature of the Canadian monarch, most members of the Canadian Royal Family are also members of the British Royal Family, and thus the House of Windsor.

Given the ACE model, researchers can determine what proportion of variance in a trait is heritable, versus the proportions which are due to shared environment or unshared environment.

" Given that Edison, as much a businessman as an inventor, spent approximately $ 24, 000 on the system's development and went so far as to build a facility expressly for moviemaking before his U. S. patent was awarded, Rausch's interpretation is not widely shared by present-day scholars.

Given the prevalence of-assa place-names and words scattered around all sides of the Aegean Sea, this possessive suffix was sometimes considered evidence of a shared non-Indo-European language or an Aegean Sprachbund preceding the arrivals of Luwians and Greeks.

Given an excellent reception by his home crowd, he shared a century opening partnership with Washbrook in both innings, the second time they had accomplished this feat.

Given that Renault ’ s 603 cc, 747 cc and 845 cc engines all shared the same cylinder stroke and were all of the same basic design, it is likely that there was very little difference between the manufacturing costs of the basic engine block between the three.

Given the example above, the two galaxies in question cannot have shared any sort of information ; they are not in " causal contact ".

Given its closeness to the Gold Coast, Tweed Heads has a shared economy with Coolangatta based heavily on tourism.

Given the lack of evidence, Maurice Adam ’ s confidence in a Bedwyn battlefield site cannot be shared.

Given the series of medical data breaches and the lack of public trust, some countries have enacted laws requiring safeguards to be put in place to protect the security and confidentiality of medical information as it is shared electronically and to give patients some important rights to monitor their medical records and receive notification for loss and unauthorized acquisition of health information.

Given this, the section provides scholars with the opportunity to initiate more research and scholarship in these underrepresented contexts by supporting new collaborations and partnerships across levels and by providing a forum for discussing shared experiences.

Given the difference between their roles and emphases, some scholars have speculated that the interactions between the Æsir and the Vanir reflect the types of interaction that were occurring between social classes ( or clans ) within Norse society at the time.

Given a total interaction cross section σ ( typically measured in barns ), the mean free path of a prompt neutron is where n is the nuclear number density.

Given the variety of approaches, Economic Geography has taken to many different subject matters, including: the location of industries, economies of agglomeration ( also known as " linkages "), transportation, international trade, economic development, real estate, gentrification, ethnic economies, gendered economies, core-periphery theory, the economics of urban form, the relationship between the environment and the economy ( tying into a long history of geographers studying culture-environment interaction ), and globalization.

Given their small size the service is very personal, and interaction with the ship's officers is easy.

Given these strategies, the interaction of large numbers of individual agents ( who may be very heterogeneous ) can be simulated on a computer, and then the aggregate, macroeconomic relationships that arise from those individual actions can be studied.

Given a translation-invariant interaction and a point dependent external field

Given two groups of people, the interaction between them is such that a behavior X from one side elicits a behavior Y from the other side, The two behaviors complement one another, exemplified in the dominant-submissive behaviors of a class struggle.

Given two compounds which differ in polarity, the more polar compound has a stronger interaction with the silica and is therefore more capable to dispel the mobile phase from the binding places.

Given the above definitions the interaction Hamiltonian is

Given two subspaces with, this leads to a definition of angles called canonical or principal angles between subspaces.

Given points P < sub > 0 </ sub > and P < sub > 1 </ sub >, a linear Bézier curve is simply a straight line between those two points.

Given that Bozizé accuses Sudan of supporting the UFDR rebels who are actively fighting the Central African Government, the relation between the two countries has remained good.

Given this basic definition, further criteria are needed to establish a dividing line between postlexical clitics and morphological affixes, since both are characterized by a lack of prosodic autonomy.

Given the similarities between the rep proteins of the alphasatellites and the nanoviruses, it is likely that the alphasatellites evolved from the nanoviruses.

Given the great historical link between Persian and Jewish history, modern day Persian Jews are called " Esther's Children ".

Given the universality of free fall, there is no observable distinction between inertial motion and motion under the influence of the gravitational force.

Given the distances between the stars, the great majority of stellar systems in colliding galaxies will be unaffected.

Given the differences of opinion within the Lord Aberdeen cabinet over the direction of foreign policy with regard to relations between Britain and the French under Napoleon III, it is not surprising that debate raged within the government as Louis Bonaparte, now assuming the title of Emperor Napoleon III of France.

Given a ( random ) sample the relation between the observations Y < sub > i </ sub > and the independent variables X < sub > ij </ sub > is formulated as

Given two secondary stations, the time difference ( TD ) between the primary and first secondary identifies one curve, and the time difference between the primary and second secondary identifies another curve, the intersections of which will determine a geographic point in relation to the position of the three stations.

Given the choice between nylon and gut, many luthiers prefer to use gut, as it conforms more readily to the sharp angle at the edge of the fingerboard.

Given the overall size of trade between Mexico and the United States, there are remarkably few trade disputes, involving relatively small dollar amounts.

Given an arbitrary group G, there is a related profinite group G < sup >^</ sup >, the profinite completion of G. It is defined as the inverse limit of the groups G / N, where N runs through the normal subgroups in G of finite index ( these normal subgroups are partially ordered by inclusion, which translates into an inverse system of natural homomorphisms between the quotients ).

Bernhard Riemann in his memoir " On the Number of Primes Less Than a Given Magnitude " published in 1859 extended the Euler definition to a complex variable, proved its meromorphic continuation and functional equation and established a relation between its zeros and the distribution of prime numbers.

Given the role that many social groups have in the development of public policy and the extensive connections between state bureaucracies and other institutions, it has become increasingly difficult to identify the boundaries of the state.

Given an ongoing rift in the sport during the 1860s between the northern professionals and Surrey, MCC feared the loss of its authority should Grace " throw in his lot with the professionals " so it was considered vital for them and their interests to get him onside.

Given the symmetry of circularly polarized light, we could have in fact selected any other two orthogonal components and found the same phase relationship between them.

Given that different languages have different grammatical features, the actual test for which nouns are mass nouns may vary between languages.

Given two dual numbers p, and q, they determine the set of z such that the Galilean angle between the lines from z to p and q is constant.

Given the structural similarities between bacterial flagella and bacterial secretory systems, it is thought that bacterial flagella may have evolved from the type three secretion system ; however, it is not known for certain whether these pores are derived from the bacterial flagella or the bacterial secretory system.