Given a stimulus such as embarrassment, the person's sympathetic nervous system will cause blood vessels to open wide, flooding the skin with blood and resulting in reddening of the face.

* Given any topological space X, the continuous real-or complex-valued functions on X form a real or complex unitary associative algebra ; here the functions are added and multiplied pointwise.

Idealists are skeptics about the physical world, maintaining either: 1 ) that nothing exists outside the mind, or 2 ) that we would have no access to a mind-independent reality even if it may exist ; the latter case often takes the form of a denial of the idea that we can have unconceptualised experiences ( see Myth of the Given ).

Given the complexity of the calculations involved and the convoluted structure that a convertible bond can have, an arbitrageur often relies on sophisticated quantitative models in order to identify bonds that are trading cheap versus their theoretical value.

Given that Bozizé accuses Sudan of supporting the UFDR rebels who are actively fighting the Central African Government, the relation between the two countries has remained good.

Given this popular understanding of the term, it can also be used illegitimately and inappropriately, as a means to dismiss what are in fact substantial and well-evidenced accusations.

Given that many journeys are for relatively short distances, there is considerable scope to replace car use with walking or cycling, though in many settings this may require some infrastructure modification, particularly to attract the less experienced and confident.

Given the rugged terrain of Ngazidja and Nzwani, and the dedication of extensive tracts to agriculture on all three islands, population pressures on Comoros are becoming increasingly critical.

Given this basic definition, further criteria are needed to establish a dividing line between postlexical clitics and morphological affixes, since both are characterized by a lack of prosodic autonomy.

Given that a father's age is 1 less than twice that of his son, and that the digits AB making up the father's age are reversed in the son's age ( i. e. BA ), leads to the equation 19B-8A

Given its different forms, there are various ways of representing uncertainty and modelling economic agents ' responses to it.

* Given a partition of A, G is a transformation group under composition, whose orbits are the cells of the partition ‡;

* Given a transformation group G over A, there exists an equivalence relation ~ over A, whose equivalence classes are the orbits of G.

Raymond also coined an aphorism he dubbed " Linus ' Law ", inspired by Linus Torvalds: " Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow ", that first appeared in The Cathedral and the Bazaar.

Given the great historical link between Persian and Jewish history, modern day Persian Jews are called " Esther's Children ".

Given that the vast majority of all emeralds are treated as described above, and the fact that two stones that appear visually similar may actually be quite far apart in treatment level and therefore in value, a consumer considering a purchase of an expensive emerald is well advised to insist upon a treatment report from a reputable gemological laboratory.

Given the difficulty of finding exact solutions, Einstein's field equations are also solved frequently by numerical integration on a computer, or by considering small perturbations of exact solutions.

Given a trigonometric series f ( x ) with S as its set of zeros, Cantor had discovered a procedure that produced another trigonometric series that had S ' as its set of zeros, where S ' is the set of limit points of S. If p ( 1 ) is the set of limit points of S, then he could construct a trigonometric series whose zeros are p ( 1 ).

Given that genes are universal to living organisms, genetics can be applied to the study of all living systems, from viruses and bacteria, through plants and domestic animals, to humans ( as in medical genetics ).

Given a groupoid G, the vertex groups or isotropy groups or object groups in G are the subsets of the form G ( x, x ), where x is any object of G. It follows easily from the axioms above that these are indeed groups, as every pair of elements is composable and inverses are in the same vertex group.

On poverty, Hoover said that " Given the chance to go forward with the policies of the last eight years, we shall soon with the help of God, be in sight of the day when poverty will be banished from this nation ", and promised, " We in America today are nearer to the final triumph over poverty than ever before in the history of any land ," but within months, the Stock Market Crash of 1929 occurred, and the world's economy spiraled downward into the Great Depression.

Given that the coiled texture is the natural state of some African Americans ' hair, or perceived as being more " African ", this simple style is now often seen as a sign of self-acceptance and an affirmation that the beauty norms of the ( eurocentric ) dominant culture are not absolute.

Given these two assumptions, the coordinates of the same event ( a point in space and time ) described in two inertial reference frames are related by a Galilean transformation.

Given the bias of the Victorian age, female students were denied direct study in anatomy and could not attend drawing classes with live models ( who were often prostitutes ) until a decade later.

Given these connotations, dandyism can be seen as a political protestation against the rise of levelling egalitarian principles, often including nostalgic adherence to feudal or pre-industrial values, such as the ideals of " the perfect gentleman " or " the autonomous aristocrat ", though paradoxically, the dandy required an audience, as Susann Schmid observed in examining the " successfully marketed lives " of Oscar Wilde and Lord Byron, who exemplify the dandy's roles in the public sphere, both as writers and as personae providing sources of gossip and scandal.

Given the radically different motivating assumptions, it may come as a surprise that ESSes and Nash equilibria often coincide.

Given the tendency for real negotiations in Japan to be conducted privately ( in the nemawashi, or root binding, process of consensus building ), the shingikai often represented a fairly advanced stage in policy formulation in which relatively minor differences could be thrashed out and the resulting decisions couched in language acceptable to all.

Given a simple mathematical or functional description of an input or output to a system, the Laplace transform provides an alternative functional description that often simplifies the process of analyzing the behavior of the system, or in synthesizing a new system based on a set of specifications.

Given the definition of morpheme as " the smallest meaningful unit " Nanosyntax aims to account for idioms where it is often an entire syntactic tree which contributes " the smallest meaningful unit.

Given fixed resources, it is often better to spend more time collecting additional training data and more informative features than it is to spend extra time tuning the learning algorithms.

Given the complexity of NLP problems, it is often difficult to predict performance only on the basis of glass-box evaluation, but this type of evaluation is more informative with respect to error analysis or future developments of a system.

Given the difficulty in treating scleroderma, treatments with a smaller evidence base are often tried to control the disease.

Given a parameter or hypothesis about which one wishes to make inference, statistical inference most often uses:

Given its exposed spot on the top of Stow Hill, the town is often referred to with the couplet " Stow on the Wold, where the winds blow cold and the cooks can't roast their dinners ", but there is no source for this.

Given the fact that many of the royal depictions of Akhenaten often featured such an elongated head, it is likely an exaggeration of a family trait, rather than a distinct abnormality.

Given that multiple people often consume food from the same source, it is common for more than a single person to be affected simultaneously.

Given to Graham with the working title " Ballet for Martha ," it was named by her for the scenario she had in mind, though Copland often said he was thinking of neither Appalachia nor Spring while he wrote it.

Given these costs, governments are sometimes hesitant to participate, because benefits are often assumed not to outweigh the costs.

* Toys: Given their ability to counteract the force of gravity at close range, magnets are often employed in children's toys, such as the Magnet Space Wheel and Levitron, to amusing effect.

Given Russia's often inadequately trained conscript armies and the use of inaccurate smooth-bore muskets, Russian officers preferred to use the bayonet charge in lieu of musket volley fire where possible.

Given inconsistencies and the lack of reliable data and completely contradicting and unpredictable behavior, the true nature of ball lightning is still unknown and was often regarded as a fantasy or a hoax.

Given that their favorite prey are often mammals or birds that hesitate to fly, unsurprisingly most of their prey is killed on the ground and some prey may even pursued on foot for a short distance by the eagle.

Given the philosophical definition that knowledge differs from belief ( knowledge is often defined as a justified, true belief ), Dorff's works explicitly analyze epistemological questions.

Given a set of elements, it is often useful also to retrieve all of their descendents.

Given Harry Evans Sr .' s destructive character, Mary Evans would often leave home with her sons to nearby Somerville, to stay with her sister Justine and the Epps family.