Important concepts in the field of interactionism include the " social role " and Goffman's " presentation of self ".

The term was coined and defined by American sociologist Erving Goffman in his paper " On the Characteristics of Total Institutions " presented in April 1957 at the Walter Reed Institute's Symposium on Preventive and Social Psychiatry, with an expanded version appearing in Donald Cressey's collection The Prison and reprinted in Goffman's 1961 collection Asylums.

Goffman's first essay, “ On Face-work ”, focused on the concept of face, which is the positive image of self that individuals have when interacting with others.

( ii ) Its method, following Garfinkel and Goffman's initiatives, is aimed at determining the methods and resources that the interactional participants use and rely on to produce interactional contributions and make sense of the contributions of others.

Erving Goffman's Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity distinguished between the behavior and the role assigned to it.

There are three basic roles in Goffman's scheme, each centered on who has access to what information.

According to Goffman's dramaturgical perspective, face is a mask that changes depending on the audience and the variety of social interaction.

# REDIRECT Social stigma # Goffman's theory

* Erving Goffman's seminal study Behavior in Public Places gives some classic examples of behavioral norms, such as " it is inconsiderate to litter – put your garbage in the trash can ".

The 73rd president of American Sociological Association, Goffman's greatest contribution to social theory is his study of symbolic interaction in the form of dramaturgical analysis that began with his 1959 book The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.

Goffman's greatest contribution to social theory is his formulation of symbolic interaction as dramaturgical perspective in his 1959 book The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, which begins with an epigraph by George Santayana about masks.

This book was Goffman's way of trying to explain how conceptual frames structure the individual ’ s perception of the society ; therefore, this book is about organization of experiences rather than organization of society.

Inspired by Harold Garfinkel's ethnomethodology and Erving Goffman's conception of the interaction order, CA was developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s principally by the sociologist Harvey Sacks and his close associates Emanuel Schegloff and Gail Jefferson.

David Rothman states that " historians have confirmed the validity of Goffman's concept of ' total institutions ' which minimizes the differences in formal mission to establish a unity of design and structure.

Goffman's work incorporates aspects of a symbolic interactionist perspective, emphasizing a qualitative analysis of the interactive nature of the communication process.

Penelope Brown and Stephen C. Levinson ( 1987 ) expanded Goffman's theory of face in their politeness theory, which differentiated between positive and negative face ( Miller 2005 ).

This led to Goffman's dramaturgical analysis.

The core of Goffman's analysis lies in this relationship between performance and life.

Goffman's 1963 work made this aspect of stigma prominent and it has remained so ever since.

In Erving Goffman's theory of social stigma, a stigma is an attribute, behavior, or reputation which is socially discrediting in a particular way: it causes an individual to be mentally classified by others in an undesirable, rejected stereotype rather than in an accepted, normal one.

They were developed to augment Goffman's two levels-the discredited and the discreditable.

In Unraveling the Contexts of Stigma, authors Campbell and Deacon describe Goffman's universal and historical forms of Stigma as the following.

Like most major works of synthesis, The History Of England is informed by the positive views of a first-class mind, and this is surely a major work.

The critics' campaign finally inspired the first major U.S. exhibit of Schiele's works.

As a first step, Algerian literature was marked by works whose main concern was the assertion of the Algerian national entity, there is the publication of novels as the Algerian trilogy of Mohammed Dib, or even Nedjma of Kateb Yacine novel which is often regarded as a monumental and major work.

The first division into major and minor arts dates back to Leon Battista Alberti's works ( De re aedificatoria, De statua, De pictura ), focusing the importance of intellectual skills of the artist rather than the manual skills ( even if in other forms of art there was a project behind ).

Alexander ’ s reign contained some of the last major building works constructed in Rome before the reign of Diocletian.

However, virtually all major works of Greek and Latin prose possessed such clausulae ; and some scholars have rejected the identification of Libanius ' Marcellinus with Ammianus, since Marcellinus was a very common name and the tone suggests Libanius was addressing a man much younger than himself ( Ammianus was his contemporary ).

Among these sacred works there survives a Mass in C major written without a " Gloria " and in the antique a cappella style ( presumably for one of the church's penitential seasons ) and dated 2 August 1767.

They include two concertos for pianoforte, one in C major and one in B flat major, ( both 1773 ); a concerto for organ in C Major in two movements, ( the middle movement is missing from the autograph score, or perhaps, it was an improvised organ solo ) ( also 1773 ); two concertante works: a concerto for oboe, violin and cello in D major ( 1770 ), and a flute and oboe concerto in C major ( 1774 ).

The first, in D major, known as the Ghost, is one of his best known works in the genre ( rivaled only by the Archduke Trio ).

His two major works, Enquiry into Plants and On the Causes of Plants constitute the most important contribution to botanical science during antiquity and the Middle Ages, and held that position for some seventeen centuries after they were written.

One of his major works was to bring " Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau " ( the Welsh national anthem ) back in Brittany and create lyrics in Breton.

Besides the history of Augustus ' reign that caused him so much grief, his major works included an Etruscan history and eight volumes on Carthaginian history, as well as an Etruscan Dictionary and a book on dice playing.

While the other major works that came out of Alfonso's workshops, including histories and other prose texts, were in Castilian, the Cantigas are in Galician-Portuguese, and reflect the popularity in the Castilian court of other poetic corpuses such as the cantigas d ' amigo and cantigas d ' amor.

In A Critique of Postcolonial Reason ( 1999 ), Spivak explored how major works of European metaphysics ( such as those of Kant and Hegel ) not only tend to exclude the subaltern from their discussions, but actively prevent non-Europeans from occupying positions as fully human subjects.

As his three major works demonstrate, Clement was influenced by Hellenistic philosophy to a greater extent than any other Christian thinker of his time, and in particular by Plato and the Stoics.

Three of Clement's major works have survived in full, and they are collectively referred to as the trilogy:

English had, however, been used as a literary language for centuries before Chaucer's life, and several of Chaucer's contemporaries — John Gower, William Langland, and the Pearl Poet — also wrote major literary works in English.

Long-Range Public Investment: The Forgotten Legacy of the New Deal ( 2007 ), providing a context for American public works programs, and detailing major agencies of the New Deal: CCC, PWA, CWA, WPA, and TVA.

He also mentions that the NCTE Committee on Public Doublespeak and their works with regards to educating the public on doublespeak is responsible for " the rather awesome task of combating the advertisers, the politicians, and the major manipulators of public language in our society.

Tacitus ' major historical works, including The Histories and Agricola's biography, were all written and published under Domitian's successors Nerva ( 96 – 98 ) and Trajan ( 98 – 117 ).

It is asserted that, as a result, most major academic libraries in the US do not use the DDC because the classification of works in those areas is not specific enough, although there are other reasons that may truly be more weighty, such as the much lower expense of using a unique " pre-packaged " catalog number instead of having highly skilled staff members engaging in the time-consuming development of catalog numbers.