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Gorizia and other
But already in the 12th century Gorizia had actually become independent and Trieste, along with other coastal towns, organized itself as a free city-state.
The borders of the county changed frequently in the following four centuries, due to frequent wars with Aquileia and other counties, but also to the subdivision of the territory in two main nuclei: one around the upper Drava near Lienz, the other centered on Gorizia itself.
Gaspurotto went on to accuse two individuals, one from Gorizia and the other from Chiana, of being witches, and was subsequently released by Montefalco on the proviso that he return for further questioning at a later date.

Gorizia and regional
In 1861, the territory was reorganized as the Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca and granted a high degree of regional autonomy.

Gorizia and University
Born in San Pietro di Gorizia ( Šempeter-Vrtojba ), he earned a degree in mathematics and engineering at the University of Padua.
He received his MD at the University of Padua in 1523, and subsequently practiced the profession in Siena, Rome, Trento and Gorizia, becoming personal physician of Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria in Prague and Ambras Castle, and of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor in Vienna.

Gorizia and Trieste
In Austria-Hungary Southern Slavs were distributed among several entities: Slovenes in the Austrian part ( Carniola, Styria, Carinthia, Gorizia and Gradisca, Trieste, Istria ( also Croats )), Croats and Serbs in the Hungarian part within the autonomous Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia and in the Austrian part within the autonomous Kingdom of Dalmatia, and in Bosnia and Herzegovina, under direct control from Vienna.
The new diocese consisted of part of Upper Carniola, two parishes in Lower Carniola, and a portion of Lower Styria and Carinthia ; the remaining portion of Carniola was attached to Aquileia, later on to Gorizia and Trieste.
At the redistribution of dioceses ( 1787 to 1791 ) not all the parishes in Carniola were included in the Diocese of Ljubljana, but this was accomplished in 1833, by taking two deaneries from the Diocese of Trieste, one from Gorizia, and one parish from the Diocese of Lavant, so as to include all the territory within the political boundaries of the crownland.
Italian irredentism obtained an important result after World War I, when Italy gained Trieste, Gorizia, Istria and the city of Zara.
The Irredentists took language as the test of the alleged Italian nationality of the countries they proposed to emancipate, which were Trentino, Trieste, Dalmatia, Istria, Gorizia, Ticino, Nice ( Nizza ), Corsica and Malta.
Many Slovenes and Croats consequentially emigrated to Yugoslavia, while some joined the TIGR resistance organization, whose methods included more than 100 violent actions mostly against the exponents of the regime in the region ( especially in the Provinces of Trieste and Gorizia ), considered as acts of terrorism by the Italian state.
* Italy ( autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige / Südtirol, the Province of Trieste, most of the Province of Gorizia except the Monfalcone enclave, and the municipalities of Tarvisio, Malborghetto Valbruna, Pontebba, Aquileia, Fiumicello and Cervignano in the Province of Udine )
TIGR, abbreviation for Trst ( Trieste ), Istra ( Istria ), Gorica ( Gorizia ) and Reka ( Rijeka ), with the full name Revolutionary Organization of the Julian March T. I. G. R.
In September 1927, a group of Slovene liberal nationalist activists met on the Nanos Plateau above the Vipava Valley, and decided to form an insurgence organization called TIGR, an abbreviation of the names Trieste, Istria, Gorizia, Rijeka.
fr: Trieste, Istrie, Gorizia et Rijeka
## Littoral ( consisting of Gorizia and Gradisca, Istria and Trieste )
Venetia formed for a long time the eastern part of the land portion ( Domini di Terraferma, or Land Dominions ) of the Republic of Venice, including current Veneto and Friuli ; while Gorizia and Trieste were always under Austrian emperors ' rule but for a few years in the early 16th century.
Since Venetia has been a part of Italy except for Friuli and Eastern Veneto during Austrian occupation in World War I and under the Fascist Italian Social Republic from September 1943 to April 1945, when Belluno province and Udine – GoriziaTrieste provinces were administrated by Nazi Germany even if they formally belonged to the Social Republic.
During 1945 – 1946, Yugoslav Partisan brigades occupied part of Gorizia and for a month Trieste.
The eastern part of the town of Gorizia, together with the upper Isonzo valley and the main part of Carso, were ceded to Yugoslavia in 1947, while Trieste formed the Free Territory of Trieste, only annexed back by Italy in 1954.
The Carso has geological features and phenomena such as hollows, cave networks and underground rivers, which extend inland in the provinces of Trieste and Gorizia, with an altitude ranging between 300m and 600m.
Friuli became Venetian territory in 1420, while Trieste and Gorizia remained under the Austrian Empire.
After the period of domination by Napoleon, which affected also Trieste and Gorizia, it again became part of the Austrian Empire and was included in the Lombard-Veneto Kingdom, while Gorizia was merged with the Illyrian Kingdom and Trieste, together with Istria, became part of the Austrian Coastal Region.
It comprises the major part of the autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, i. e. the province ( administrative provinces ) of Udine, Pordenone, part of Gorizia, excluding Trieste.
Gorizia thus emerged as an important Roman Catholic religious centre: the archdiocese of Gorizia extended over a large territory extending to the Drava river to the north and the Kolpa to the east, with the dioceses of Trieste, Trento, Como and Pedena subjected to the authority of the archbishops of Gorizia.

Gorizia and belonging
This image stems mainly from the presence in Yugoslav territory of old buildings once belonging to Gorizia: these include the old railway station of the line that connected the town of Gorizia to the Austro-Hungarian capital Vienna.

Gorizia and first
He first married an unidentified lady, possibly a daughter of Count Meinhard I of Görz ( It: Gorizia ), before 1179, but she was dead by the end of 1186, without leaving any surviving issue.
Two years later the government assigned Miramare to Duke Amedeo of Aosta, captain of the first air division stationed in Gorizia, who lived there continuously till 1937 when he was appointed viceroy of Ethiopia.
Originating in a watchtower or a prehistoric castle controlling the fords of the river Isonzo, Gorizia first emerged as a small village not far from the former Via Gemina, the Roman road linking Aquileia and Emona ( the modern Ljubljana ).
The name of Gorizia was recorded for the first time in a document dating April 28, 1001, in which the Holy Roman Emperor Otto III donated the castle and the village of Goriza to the Patriarch of Aquileia John II and to Count Verihen Eppenstein of Friuli.
Gorizia was at first part of the County of Görz and since 1754, the capital of the Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca.
In the first years of Italian administration, Gorizia was included in the Governorate of Julian March ( 1918 – 1919 ).
He was born as Ignacij Gruden in the small fishermen village of Nabrežina () near Trieste, then part of the Austro-Hungarian County of Gorizia and Gradisca ( now in Italy ) as first of ten children of Franc Gruden and Justina Košuta.
The history of Slovenian association football in the Goriška region goes back to the year 1907, when the first football club " Jugoslavija " was formed by the Slovenes of Gorizia.
He made his first flight on 25 November 1909, near Gorizia, in Eda I, a biplane of his own design.
It was there that Čelik started its first run of successes when they had reached promotion to the Yugoslav First League in 1966 and won the Mitropa Cup in 1971 ( the final was played on neutral ground in Gorizia, Italy ).
In the Middle Ages, it was first part of the Duchy of Friuli and in the 13th century it was included in the County of Gorizia.

Gorizia and founded
The archiepiscopal see of Gorizia ( Friulian: Gurizza / Gurizze ; ; ) was founded in 1752 when the Patriarchate of Aquileia was divided.

Gorizia and by
After 1806 he used the titles: " We, Francis the First, by the grace of God Emperor of Austria ; King of Jerusalem, Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Galicia and Lodomeria ; Archduke of Austria ; Duke of Lorraine, Salzburg, Würzburg, Franconia, Styria, Carinthia and Carniola ; Grand Duke of Cracow ; Grand Prince of Transylvania ; Margrave of Moravia ; Duke of Sandomir, Masovia, Lublin, Upper and Lower Silesia, Auschwitz and Zator, Teschen and Friule ; Prince of Berchtesgaden and Mergentheim ; Princely Count of Habsburg, Gorizia and Gradisca and of the Tirol ; and Margrave of Upper and Lower Lusatia and in Istria ", President of the German Confederation.
The consolidation and formation of the historical Slovenian lands took place in a long period between 11th and 14th century being led by a number of important feudal families such as the Dukes of Spannheim, the Counts of Gorizia, the Counts of Celje and finally the House of Habsburg.
Among secular potentates the Dukes of Meran, Gorizia, Babenberg, and Zilli held possessions given to them in fief by the patriarchs of Aquileia.
The river runs past the towns of Bovec, Kobarid, Tolmin, Kanal ob Soči, Nova Gorica ( where it is crossed by the Solkan Bridge ) and Gorizia, entering the Adriatic Sea close to the Italian town of Monfalcone.
In 1866, the region became part of Italy by a referendum, with the exception of the villages of Breginj and Livek which were included in the Austrian County of Gorizia and Gradisca.
The most famous literary portrayal was written in 1938 by the Slovene writer France Bevk from Gorizia in his novel " The Vicar Martin Čedermac " ( Kaplan Martin Čedermac ).
The Gorizia section of the TIGR established close connections with the underground Catholic network organized by Christian Socialist activists, centered around the lawyer Janko Kralj and priest Virgil Šček.
It was said that the daughters of Barbara and Ludovico II had hunched backs, that is why Susanna and Dorothea were spurned by Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Leonhard of Gorizia postponed his marriage to Paola due to this and when they eventually married they had one stillborn child as it is thought that this deformity in her made it harder to have children.
Sheltered from the north by a mountain ridge, Gorizia is protected from the cold Bora wind that affects most of the neighbouring areas.
In 1500, the dynasty of the Counts of Gorizia died out and their County passed to Austrian Habsburg rule, after a short occupation by the Republic of Venice in the years 1508 and 1509.
Already at the end of the century, however, Catholic Counter Reformation gained force in Gorizia, led by the local dean Janez Tavčar, who later became bishop of Ljubljana.
Members of the former French ruling Bourbon family, deposed by the July Revolution of 1830, also settled in the town, including the last Bourbon monarch Charles X who spent his last years in Gorizia.
Though a border city, Gorizia was not crossed by the border with Yugoslavia as often erroneously claimed.
* The most important church of Gorizia is that of St. Ignatius of Loyola, built by the Jesuits in 1680 – 1725.
The Italy-Slovenia border runs by the edge of Gorizia and Nova Gorica and there are several border crossings between the cities.
The town is easily accessible by rail and bus from Udine and by bus from Gorizia.

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