* 1783 – Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia ( d. 1801 )

Grand Duchess Charlotte of Russia

Portrait of Grand Duchess Bianca Capello de Medici, by Allori, Dallas Museum of Art

* 1827 – Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia ( d. 1894 )

* 1842 – Grand Duchess Alexandra Alexandrovna of Russia ( d. 1849 )

* 1870 – Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia ( d. 1891 )

The Wedding of Nicholas II and Grand duke | Grand Duchess Alexandra Fyodorovna ( Alix of Hesse ) | Alexandra Feodorovna, by Ilya Repin | Ilya Yefimovich Repin, 1894 ( Russian Museum | Russian State Museum, Saint Petersburg | St. Petersburg ).

* 1784 – Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia ( d. 1803 )

In childhood he visited the Imperial Court of Russia at St Petersburg and became intimate with the doomed Russian Imperial Family, harbouring romantic feelings towards Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, whose photograph he kept at his bedside for the rest of his life.

Long after the execution-style murders of the Russian Imperial Family, Mountbatten was called upon to authoritatively rebut impostors ' claims to be the living Grand Duchess Anastasia, who had been his first cousin.

Until his own assassination in 1979, Mountbatten kept a photograph of Anastasia's sister, Grand Duchess Maria, beside his bed in memory of his youthful romantic attachment to her.

* 1912 – Marie-Adélaïde, the eldest of six daughters of Guillaume IV, becomes the first reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg.

* 1786 – Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia ( d. 1859 )

* 1899 – Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia ( d. 1918 )

* 1825 – Grand Duchess Alexandra Nikolaevna of Russia ( d. 1844 )

* 1901 – Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia ( d. 1918 )

* 1860 – Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia ( d. 1922 )

* 1777 – Elisa Bonaparte, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, sister of Napoleon Bonaparte ( d. 1820 )

The core of the Lithuanian Land Force structure is the Iron Wolf Mechanised Infantry Brigade ( MIB " Iron Wolf ") consisting of two mechanized infantry battalions ( King Mindaugas and Lithuanian Grand Duke Algirdas battalions ), two motorized infantry battalions ( Grand Duchess Birutė and Lithuanian Grand Duke Kestutis battalions ), artillery battalion and Lithuanian Duke Vaidotas Forward support battalion.

This strategy had been elaborated with the approval of Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg.

Throughout the war, Grand Duchess Charlotte broadcast via on BBC to Luxembourg to give hope to the people.

She converted to Orthodoxy and became Grand Duchess Maria Feodorovna of Russia.

In Florence on 8 September 1787 ( by proxy ) and again in Dresden on 18 October 1787 ( in person ), Anton married a second time with the Archduchess Maria Theresia of Austria ( Maria Theresia Josephe Charlotte Johanna ), daughter of the Grand Duke Leopold I of Tuscany, later Emperor Leopold II.

* January 23 – Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg ( d. 1985 )

The German Emperor Wilhelm II, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, Grand Duke Ernest Louis of Hesse, Duke Charles Edward of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and Duke Ernst August of Brunswick were Edward's nephews ; Queen Victoria Eugenia of Spain, Crown Princess Margaret of Sweden, Crown Princess Marie of Romania, Crown Princess Sophia of Greece, Empress Alexandra of Russia, Grand Duchess Alexandra of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and Duchess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen were his nieces ; Haakon VII of Norway was both his nephew by marriage and his son-in-law ; George I of Greece and Frederick VIII of Denmark were his brothers-in-law ; Albert I of Belgium, Charles I and Manuel II of Portugal, and Tsar Ferdinand of Bulgaria were his second cousins.

In the words of Grand Duchess Augusta of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, " We must give credit to old Charlotte for really saving life.

Grand Trunk Depot, Charlotte, Michigan built in 1885.

* Charlotte was once serviced by the Grand Trunk Western Railroad & the Michigan Central Railroad.

The male-line descendants of Grand Duchess Charlotte who are the children of a reigning Grand Duke or The Hereditary Grand Duke hold the titles Prince ( ss ) of Luxembourg and Prince ( ss ) of Nassau with the style of His / Her Royal Highness.

Male line descendants of Grand Duchess Charlotte who are not the children of a Grand Duke or Hereditary Grand Duke are Prince ( ss ) of Nassau with the style of His / Her Royal Highness ( coming from their status as male-line descendants of Duke Robert of Parma ).

** Prince Noah Guillaume of Nassau was born on September 21, 2007 at the Grand Duchess Charlotte Maternity Hospital in Luxembourg City.

Born on January 5, 1921, he became grand duke when his mother, the Grand Duchess Charlotte, abdicated in 1964.

* Archduchess Marie Astrid Charlotte Léopoldine Wilhelmine Ingeborg Antoinette Elisabeth Anna Alberta of Austria, the Grand Duke's eldest sister, was born on February 17, 1954.

* Princess Charlotte Phyllis Joelle Marie of Luxembourg, the Grand Duke's first cousin, was born on 15 September 1967.

* Princess Alix Marie Anna Antoinette Charlotte Gabrielle of Ligne, the Grand Duke's aunt, was born on 24 August 1929.

* Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg

* Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembourg, who succeeded her sister Marie-Adélaïde in 1919

Anne Geneviève was the only daughter of Henri de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, and his wife Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency, and the sister of Louis, Grand Condé.

Among the royal guests were Crown Prince Olav ( later King Olav V ) and Crown Princess Märtha of Norway, Grand Duchess Charlotte and Prince Felix of Luxembourg, King Peter II of Yugoslavia, King George II of Greece, Empress Zita of Austria and her daughters, as well as Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands, her daughter, Princess Juliana ( later Queen Juliana ), and granddaughters, Princesses Beatrix ( later Queen Beatrix ) and Margriet.

* 1955 – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg

In such cases it is the prime minister who holds the day-to-day powers of governance, while the King or Queen ( or other monarch, such as a Grand Duke, in the case of Luxembourg, or Prince in the case of Monaco and Liechtenstein ) retains only residual ( but not always minor ) powers.

In contemporary times, both King Juan Carlos of Spain and Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg are members of this family, both through the Bourbon branch of the dynasty.

* 2 Grand Dukes of Luxembourg ( 1964 – present )

* Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg ( since 2000 )

* Grand Duke's Official Birthday ( Luxembourg )

After occupation by Revolutionary France, the 1815 Treaty of Paris transformed Luxembourg into a Grand Duchy in personal union with the Netherlands.

In the territory now covered by the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, there is evidence of primitive inhabitants right back to the Paleolithic or old stone age over 35, 000 years ago.

Coat of arms of the Counts, Dukes and Grand Dukes of LuxembourgIn these centuries the electors of Brandenburg, later kings of Prussia ( Borussia ), advanced their claim to the Luxembourg patrimony as heirs-general to William of Thuringia and his wife Anna of Bohemia, the disputed dukes of Luxembourg of the 1460s – Anna was the eldest daughter of the last Luxembourg heiress.

This loss left the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg a predominantly German state, although French cultural influence remained strong.

* The Integrated Traffic and Landscape Concept for the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

Comprehensive bus services linking the towns and villages of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg are controlled by the RGTR ( Régime général des transports routiers ) under the Ministry of Transport.

* The Integrated Traffic and Landscape Concept for the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

On 8 January 1817, the Grand Duke of Luxembourg, William I published a constitutional law governing the organization of a Militia, the main provisions of which were to remain in force until the Militia was abolished in 1881.

In 1945, the Corps de la Garde Grand Ducale ( Grand Ducal Guard Corps ), garrisoned in the Saint-Esprit barracks in Luxembourg City and the 1st and 2nd Infantry Battalions were established, one in Walferdange and the other in Dudelange.

Guard in front of Grand Ducal Palace, Luxembourg in 2009

** Grand Duke of Luxembourg

Monarchs have various titles — king or queen, prince or princess ( e. g., Sovereign Prince of Monaco ), Malik or Malikah ( e. g., Maliks of Middle eastern Mamlakahs ), emperor or empress ( e. g., Emperor of Japan, Emperor of India ), Shah of Iran, archduke, duke or grand duke ( e. g., Grand Duke of Luxembourg ).

* 1905 – Grand Duke Adolphe of Luxembourg, ( b. 1817 )