I have chosen to use the word `` mimesis '' in its Christian rather than its classic implications and to discover in the concrete forms of both art and myth powers of theological expression which, as in the Christian mind, are the direct consequence of involvement in historical experience, which are not reserved, as in the Greek mind, only to moments of theoretical reflection.

This Greek abacus saw use in Achaemenid Persia, the Etruscan civilization, Ancient Rome and, until the French Revolution, the Western Christian world.

The Lesbian or Aeolic school of poetry " reached in the songs of Sappho and Alcaeus that high point of brilliancy to which it never after-wards approached " and it was assumed by later Greek critics and during the early centuries of the Christian era that the two poets were in fact lovers, a theme which became a favourite subject in art ( as in the urn pictured above ).

2005 " Ambrosiaster ," in Early Christian Greek and Latin Literature: A Literary History.

), Anatho ( Isidore Charax ), Anatha ( Ammianus Marcellinus ) by Greek and Latin writers in the early Christian centuries, Ana ( sometimes, as if plural, Anat ) by Arabic writers.

According to the Christian doctrine of Universal Reconciliation, the Greek New Testament scriptures use the word " eon " to mean a long period ( perhaps 1000 years ) and the word " eonian " to mean " during a long period "; Thus there was a time before the eons, and the eonian period is finite.

Angel-shaped beings appear in ancient Mesopotamian and Greek art and were probably the inspiration for the popular Christian image of angels, a popular subject for Byzantine and European paintings and sculpture.

Desert asceticism and the Christian appropriation of Greek ideas on geography, bodies, and immortality.

A bishop ( English derivation from the New Testament Greek ἐπίσκοπος, epískopos, " overseer ", " guardian ") is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight.

Baptism ( from the Greek noun Βάπτισμα baptisma ; itself derived from baptismos, washing ) is a Christian rite of admission ( or adoption ), almost invariably with the use of water, into the Christian Church generally and also a particular church tradition.

Up until that point the official Christian presence in the region was Greek Orthodox.

The division of Chronicles and its place in the Christian canons are based upon the division of books in the ancient Greek Septuagint.

It belongs to the Ketuvim ( Writings ) in the Tanakh, but is grouped with the Prophets in the Greek versions and the Christian canons.

1 and 2 Samuel were originally ( and still is in some Jewish bibles ) a single book, but the first Greek translation, produced in the centuries immediately before Christ, divided it into two ; this was adopted by the Latin translation used in the early Christian church of the West, and finally introduced into Jewish bibles around the early 16th century CE.

The name Ahasuerus is equivalent to Xerxes, both deriving from the Persian Khshayārsha, thus Ahasuerus is usually identified as Xerxes I ( 486-465 BCE ), though Ahasuerus is identified as Artaxerxes in the later Greek version of Esther ( as well as by Josephus, the Jewish commentary Esther Rabbah, the Ethiopic translation and the Christian theologian Bar-Hebraeus who identified him more precisely as Artaxerxes II ).

Contemporary Christian theologians have provided explanations for " born from above " being a more accurate translation of the original Greek word transliterated anōthen.

As far back as the early 2nd century, there is evidence that the codex — usually of papyrus — was the preferred format among Christians: in the library of the Villa of the Papyri, Herculaneum ( buried in AD 79 ), all the texts ( Greek literature ) are scrolls ( see Herculaneum papyri ); in the Nag Hammadi " library ", secreted about AD 390, all the texts ( Gnostic Christian ) are codices.

These could be the classical virtues — courage, temperance, justice, and wisdom — that promoted the Greek ideal of man as the " rational animal ", or the theological virtues — faith, hope, and love — that distinguished the Christian ideal of man as a being created in the image of God.

In standard Greek usage, the older word " ecclesia " ( ἐκκλησία, ekklesía, literally " assembly ", " congregation ", or the place where such a gathering occurs ) was retained to signify both a specific edifice of Christian worship ( a " church "), and the overall community of the faithful ( the " Church ").

Liberal Christian scholars, like conservative Christian scholars, accept earlier versions of the texts that make up the Bible in Hebrew or Greek.

The Hebrew text of Samuel is widely recognised to be heavily corrupted with errors ( meaning that scribes, over the centuries, have introduced many mistakes while copying the original version ), while in addition the Greek and Hebrew versions differ considerably ; modern scholars are still working at finding the best solutions to the many problems this presents.

Many of these trivial errors occurred in the Byzantine period, following a change in script from uncial to minuscule, and many were ' homophonic ' errors, when scribes accidentally substituted homophones for words in the textequivalent in English to substituting ' right ' for ' write ', except that there were more opportunities for Byzantine scribes to make these errors because the Greek letters η, ι, οι and ει were pronounced similarly in the Byzantine period.

He further demonstrated the reason for the inclusion of the Greek text when defending his work: " But one thing the facts cry out, and it can be clear, as they say, even to a blind man, that often through the translator ’ s clumsiness or inattention the Greek has been wrongly rendered ; often the true and genuine reading has been corrupted by ignorant scribes, which we see happen every day, or altered by scribes who are half-taught and half-asleep.

The lower-case Greek letters were developed much later by medieval scribes to permit a faster, more convenient cursive writing style with the use of ink and quill.

When Greek or Latin works were published, numerous professional copies were made simultaneously by scribes in a scriptorium, each making a single copy from an original that was declaimed aloud.

Uninformed modern readers might think that what they see on the page is the writing system exactly as the ancient Greeks used it in Classical Greece, but it is really Ancient Greek as transcribed by mediaeval Byzantine scribes.

Uncial is a majuscule script ( written entirely in capital letters ) commonly used from the 3rd to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes.

Although much had been lost to the ravages of time ( and to catastrophe, as in the burning of the Library of Alexandria ), many Greek works remained extant: they were preserved and copied carefully by Muslim scribes.

" He further demonstrated the reason for the inclusion of the Greek text when defending his work: " But one thing the facts cry out, and it can be clear, as they say, even to a blind man, that often through the translator ’ s clumsiness or inattention the Greek has been wrongly rendered ; often the true and genuine reading has been corrupted by ignorant scribes, which we see happen every day, or altered by scribes who are half-taught and half-asleep.

Greek city-states lacked uniformity, but, universally, public instruments, usually deeds and conveyances, were kept in official registers and drafted by scribal mnemone ( or basiliki ipographi " king's scribes ") who were tied to a certain district and whose written acts trumped oral testimony.

The Chi-Rho symbol was also used by pagan Greek scribes to mark, in the margin, a particularly valuable or relevant passage ; the combined letters Chi and Rho standing for chrēston, meaning " good.

" But one thing the facts cry out, and it can be clear, as they say, even to a blind man, that often through the translator ’ s clumsiness or inattention the Greek has been wrongly rendered ; often the true and genuine reading has been corrupted by ignorant scribes, which we see happen every day, or altered by scribes who are half-taught and half-asleep.

Scribal abbreviations ( sigla, siglum and sigil ) are the abbreviations used by ancient and mediæval scribes writing in Latin, and later in Greek and Old Norse.

It became over time the letter qima in certain ancient varieties of the Coptic alphabet ( which is itself an evolution of the ancient Greek alphabet ), later added back into the ancient Greek alphabet itself as the ancient letter qoppa ( looking more like the Phoenician letter qoph ), and finally the letter Q in the Latin alphabet from the ancient Coptic-Greek qima or qoppa ( after Coptic texts were translated into Greek and Latin by Coptic scribes, to preserve the Coptic distinction with the sound / k / for which they used another older koppa form of the classical Greek kappa letter ).

According to the E. J. Erickson the Greek Navy also played a crucial, albeit indirect role, in the Thracian campaign by neutralizing no less than three Thracian Corps ( see First Balkan War, the Bulgarian theater of operations ), a significant portion of the Ottoman Army there, in the all-important opening round of the war.

It was especially important for preserving in its libraries manuscripts of Greek and Latin authors throughout a period when instability and disorder caused their mass-destruction in western Europe and north Africa: On the city's fall, thousands of these were brought by refugees to Italy, and played a key part in stimulating the Renaissance, and the transition to the modern world.

Cavalry played a relatively minor role in ancient Greek city-states, with conflicts decided by massed armored infantry.

Three Greek cavalry regiments ( two mounted and one partially mechanised ) played an important role in the Italian defeat in this difficult terrain.

During the 2006-2007 season, the team played in the Greek Fourth Division's Regional Group 7.

There is a depiction of a hockey-like game from 200 BC in Ancient Greece when the game may have been called " Κερητίζειν " (" kerētízein ") because it was played with a horn (" κέρας " in Greek ) and a ball-like object.

Garlic was long frowned upon for causing halitosis, so has never played a large role in traditional German cuisine, but has risen in popularity in recent decades due to the influence of French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Greek, and Turkish cuisines.

The Romans soon spread east taking Greece, and the Greek heritage played an important role in the Roman Empire.

The formative influence played by the Homeric epics in shaping Greek culture was widely recognized, and Homer was described as the teacher of Greece.

In classical antiquity, hero cults that venerated deified heroes such as Heracles, Perseus, and Achilles played an important role in Ancient Greek religion.

Musicians and singers played a prominent role in Greek theater.

The temple was excavated in 1889-1896 by Francis Penrose of the British School in Athens ( who also played a leading role in the restoration of the Parthenon ), in 1922 by the German archaeologist Gabriel Welter and in the 1960s by Greek archaeologists led by Ioannes Travlos.

The work of the IOC increasingly focused on the planning the 1896 Athens Games, and de Coubertin played a background role as Greek authorities took the lead in logistical organisation of the Games in Greece itself, offering technical advice such as a sketch of a design of a velodrome to be used in cycling competitions.

He played a Greek resistance fighter in The Guns of Navarone ( 1961 ), an aging boxer in Requiem for a Heavyweight, and the Bedouin shaikh Auda abu Tayi in Lawrence of Arabia ( both 1962 ).

Marcellus ' Greek slave ( played by Victor Mature ) guides him as a spiritual teacher, and his wife ( played by Jean Simmons ) follows his lead, although it will mean both their deaths.

These colonies played an important role in the spread of Greek influence throughout Europe, and also aided in the establishment of long-distance trading networks between the Greek city-states, boosting the economy of ancient Greece.

When the Greek War of Independence broke out, Hydra's contribution of some 150 ships, plus supplies, to fight against the Turks played a critical role.

John Amaechi, who played in the NBA with the Utah Jazz, Orlando Magic and Cleveland Cavaliers ( as well as internationally with Panathinaikos BC of the Greek Basketball League and Kinder Bologna of the Italian Basketball League ), came out in February 2007 on ESPN's Outside the Lines program.

Xenophon played an instrumental role in encouraging " The Ten Thousand " Greek army to march north to the Black Sea in an epic fighting retreat.

There are only indirect clues regarding the population structure under the Menteşe and the parts played in it by Turkish migration from inland regions and by local conversions, but the first Ottoman Empire census records indicate, in a situation not atypical for the region as a whole, a large Muslim ( practically exclusively Turkish ) majority reaching as high as 99 % and a non-Muslim minority ( practically exclusively Greek supplemented with a small Jewish community in Milas ) as low as one per cent.

Freud reasoned that the ancient Greek audience, which heard the story told or saw the plays based on it, did know that Oedipus was actually killing his father and marrying his mother ; the story being continually told and played therefore reflected a preoccupation with the theme.