Greenberg's argument was subjected to serious criticism by Lacroix, who deemed only about 30 of Greenberg's claimed cognates acceptable, and moreover argued that these held mainly between Zarma and the neighboring Saharan languages, thus leading one to suspect them of being loanwords.

Greenberg's work on African languages has been criticised by Lyle Campbell and Donald Ringe, who do not believe that his classification is justified by his data ; they request a reexamination of his macro-phyla by " reliable methods " ( Ringe 1993: 104 ).

Khoisan was proposed as one of the four families of African languages in Greenberg's classification ( 1949 – 1954, revised in 1963 ).

Greenberg's work on African languages, though initially greeted with scepticism, became the prevailing view among scholars.

It has not been demonstrated that the Nilo-Saharan languages constitute a valid genetic grouping, and it has been seen as Greenberg's ' wastebasket ' phylum, into which he placed all the otherwise unaffiliated non-click languages of Africa.

On the other hand, there are no known affinities between South Caucasian and the northern languages, which are two unrelated phyla even in Greenberg's deep classification of the world's languages.

At present, Songhay is normally considered to be Nilo-Saharan, following Joseph Greenberg's 1963 reclassification of African languages ; Greenberg's argument is based on about 70 claimed cognates, including pronouns.

Since Greenberg's work, the languages of New Guinea have been intensively studied by Stephen Wurm.

Johannes Lukas ( 1937 ) likewise described a " Bua-Gruppe " consisting of Bua, Niellim, and Koke, and in Joseph Greenberg's 1963 classification The Languages of Africa, the three languages were placed together in the Adamawa subphylum as a group named Adamawa-13.

Before Greenberg's reclassification, the term was used to refer to Western Nilotic alone, with the other two being grouped as related " Nilo-Hamitic languages ".

Greenberg's hypothesis, however, has been rejected by most linguists working with the languages in question due to the many issues raised by his methods and the poor quality of much of his data.

Each of the proposed higher-order groups has been rejected by other researchers: Greenberg's Chari – Nile by Bender and Blench, Bender's Core Nilo-Saharan by Dimmendaal and Blench, and Ehret's Sahelian etc.

" It emerges that Greenberg's lifelong ambition is to play Shylock in The Merchant of Venice, yet the three times that Greenberg recites sections of Shylock's most famous speech, the word " Jew " has in each case been written out.

Linguist William Poser in Language Log has criticized some of Cavalli-Sforza's comments about linguistics, in particular the suggestion, echoing controversial linguists Merritt Ruhlen and Joseph Greenberg, that some mainstream linguists are unnecessarily conservative about hypothesized long-range relationships between language families, and an overstatement that Greenberg's critics " have ruled out the possibility of hierarchical classification ", which Cavalli-Sforza did not defend when challenged by Poser, but deferred to Ruhlen.

In the US, Greenberg's and Ruhlen's work has been well publicized, though it has met with little acceptance from linguists.

According to Joseph Greenberg's linguistic universal No. 12, " If a language has dominant order VSO in declarative sentences, it always puts interrogative words or phrases first in interrogative word questions ; if it has dominant order SOV in declarative sentences, there is never such an invariant rule.

Greenberg's hypothesis has received significant amounts of negative criticism from many important linguists ever since it was first published in 1987.

She has won several awards, including the Robbie Award and the California Theatre Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama for the premiere of Richard Greenberg's The Violet Hour.

In the book Greenberg's Guide to American Flyer Prewar O Gauge, author Alan R. Schuweiler cites three possibilities: Hafner may not have known what position he held in the company, he may have sought a larger share of the company, and he may have been passed over in favor of his co-founder's son, William Ogden Coleman, Jr.

Greenberg's eligibility was questioned by some voters, as he had been listed on the Cleveland Indians ' active roster for part of the 1948 season as a precautionary move against injuries to other players.

Harold Fleming and Lionel Bender, who are sympathetic to Greenberg's classification, acknowledge that at least some of his macrofamilies ( particularly Nilo-Saharan and Khoisan ) are not fully accepted by the linguistic community and may need to be split up ( Campbell 1997 ).

Other proposals, further back in time ( and proportionately less accepted ), link Indo-European and Uralic with Altaic and the other language families of northern Eurasia, namely Yukaghir, Korean, Japanese, Chukotko-Kamchatkan, Nivkh, Ainu, and Eskimo – Aleut, but excluding Yeniseian ( the most comprehensive such proposal is Joseph Greenberg's Eurasiatic ), or link Indo-European, Uralic, and Altaic to Afro-Asiatic and Dravidian ( the traditional form of the Nostratic hypothesis ), and ultimately to a single Proto-Human family.

Greenberg's classification rested in part on earlier classifications ; he made new macrogroups by joining already established families through mass comparison.

According to an article by Nicholas Wade published in the New York Times, genetic evidence published in July 2012 in the journal Nature by David Reich of the Harvard Medical School " vindicates " Greenberg's hypothesis of three waves of migration into the Americas.

Not all linguists are convinced by the rejection of Greenberg's classification.

* For Martin Greenberg's Fantastic Lives: Autobiographical Essays by Notable Science Fiction Writers ( Southern Illinois University Press, 1981 ) she wrote " The Expanding Mind ," a memoir of her youth and the impact of science fiction on the mind of a young girl.

Thuller's point is supported by Mark A. Cheetham, who points out that kitsch " is his Clement Greenberg's barbarism ".

Some have argued that conceptual art continued this " dematerialization " of art by removing the need for objects altogether, while others, including many of the artists themselves, saw conceptual art as a radical break with Greenberg's kind of formalist Modernism.

However, by the end of the 1960s it was certainly clear that Greenberg's stipulations for art to continue within the confines of each medium and to exclude external subject matter no longer held traction.

Pages of Greenberg's book ( borrowed from the college library ) are chewed by the students, dissolved in acid and the resulting solution returned to the library bottled and labelled.

After Ida Greenberg's death in season 4, the house was temporarily occupied by Karen McCluskey.

The game included elements of Greenberg's earlier show, The Who, What, or Where Game, seen during the early 1970s and hosted by Art James.

Prior to Greenberg's arrival, the show was co-hosted by Golic and Tony Bruno.

Many who are strongly opposed to Greenberg's methods of language classification ( see below ) acknowledge the importance of his typological work.

Greenberg's antagonism to ' Postmodernist ' theories and socially engaged movements in art caused him to become a target for critics who labelled him, and the art he admired, as " old fashioned ".

A 1981 article in the New York Times cites two psychiatrists who examined Greenberg's self-description in the book and concluded that she was not schizophrenic, but suffered from extreme depression and somatization disorder.

He also appeared in the 2003 finale of the WB's Dawson's Creek ; afterward he performed on the Los Angeles stage the role of bigoted Southerner Shane Mungitt in Richard Greenberg's play Take Me Out, about a dark baseball player who announces he is gay.

In contrast, some linguists have sought to combine Greenberg's four African families into larger units.

In Greenberg's first game back after being discharged, on July 1, he homered.

It ended with Greenberg's grand slam on the next pitch, clinching Hal Newhouser's 25th victory of the season.

Tendler said that Rabbi Greenberg's announcement is " the exact same as if he said, ' I'm an Orthodox Rabbi and I eat ham sandwiches on Yom Kippur.

Greenberg's reputation rests in part on his contributions to synchronic linguistics and the quest to identify linguistic universals.

Tiara Records, along with The Shirelles ' contract, was sold to Decca Records in 1959 for $ 4000 ; Greenberg stayed as the manager, securing performances for the group, including one at the Howard Theatre in Washington D. C. After two singles did poorly, including their first release — with Coley as lead vocalist — of " Dedicated to the One I Love ", a cover of The " 5 " Royales song of the same name, Decca returned them to Greenberg and gave up on them, considering them a one-hit act ; On Greenberg's new label, Scepter Records, they re-released " Dedicated to the One I Love " as a single, which peaked at # 89 ; Wayne Wadhams, David Nathan, and Susan Lindsay in Inside the Hits attribute the low rating to poor distribution.

Greenberg's widow, Janice van Horn, donated his annotated library of exhibition catalogues and publications on artists in Greenberg's collection to the Portland Art Museum.

Indeed, Barry and Enright were able to sponsor the teen-sex comedy film Private Lessons, based on Dan Greenberg's novel Philly and starring Eric Brown alongside Sylvia Kristel versus Howard Hesseman, using revenue from their renewed success.

Greenberg's studies of Jewish thought include studies of the intellectual achievements of medieval Jewish exegesis, investigations of rabbinic reflections on defying illegal orders ( Studies, 395-403 ), and attitudes toward members of other religions ( Studies, 369-393 ; " A Problematic Heritage ").

The character of Dr. Fried is based closely on Greenberg's real doctor Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, and the hospital on Chestnut Lodge in Rockville, Maryland.

However, some of Greenberg's doctors felt that this was not a true delusion but rather something Greenberg had made up on the spot to impress her psychiatrist.

Fromm-Reichmann wrote glowing reports focusing on Greenberg's genius and creativity, which she saw as signs of Greenberg's innate health, indicating that she had every chance of recovering from her mental illness.

Steven Greenberg's son, Nile, was featured on the MTV show " Made " where he wanted to be made into a rapper.

Olney grew up on a dairy farm in Randolph Center, Vermont, which came in handy when he served as the " Cow Insider " for Mike Greenberg's milking of a cow on " Mike and Mike in the Morning " on June 21, 2007.